{"id":99121,"date":"2017-01-12T17:35:37","date_gmt":"2017-01-12T12:05:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=99121"},"modified":"2018-05-23T16:26:47","modified_gmt":"2018-05-23T10:56:47","slug":"sc-of-canada-s-337-of-the-act-respecting-the-distribution-of-financial-products-and-services-does-not-abrogate-litigation-privilege-attached-to-a-document","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/01\/12\/sc-of-canada-s-337-of-the-act-respecting-the-distribution-of-financial-products-and-services-does-not-abrogate-litigation-privilege-attached-to-a-document\/","title":{"rendered":"SC of Canada: Section 337 of the Act Respecting the Distribution of Financial Products and Services does not abrogate litigation privilege attached to a document"},"content":{"rendered":"

Supreme Court of Canada:<\/strong> While considering the issue regarding the powers of investigation of the syndic that whether the assistant syndic of the Chambre de l\u2019assurance de dommages (the syndic) was empowered to demand from the Insurer the production of documents subject to litigation privilege, for inspection, the Bench of McLachlin C.J. and Abella, Cromwell, Moldaver, Karakatsanis, Wagner, Gascon, C\u00f4t\u00e9 and Brown, JJ., held that Section 337 of the Act Respecting the Distribution of Financial Products and Services is a general production provision that does not specifically indicate that the production must include records for which privilege is claimed, thereby not abrogating litigation privilege attached to a document. It was further observed that, \u201cAlthough litigation privilege is distinguishable from solicitor-client privilege, it is nevertheless a class privilege and gives rise to a presumption of inadmissibility for a class of communications, namely those whose dominant purpose is preparation for litigation. Thus, any document that meets the conditions for the application of litigation privilege will be protected by immunity from disclosure unless the case is one to which one of the exceptions to that privilege applies.\u201d<\/p>\n

In the instant case, the appellant, an assistant syndic of the Chambre de l\u2019assurance de dommages asked the respondent to send her a complete copy of its claim file with respect to one of its insured. The syndic based this request on Section 337 of the Act Respecting the Distribution of Financial Products and Services (ADFPS). However the insurer expressed its inability to present certain documents, citing that they were either covered by solicitor- client privilege or by litigation- privilege. The appellant contended that the aforesaid provision is sufficient to lift the privilege, because it created an obligation to produce \u2018any document\u2019.<\/p>\n

Perusing a plethora of case laws on the development of law of litigation privilege in Canada, the Court referred to its previous decision in Blank<\/em> v. Canada (Minister of Justice)<\/em>, 2006 SCC OnLine Can SC 39 <\/a>: 2006 SCC 39, to highlight the present position vis-\u00e0-vis litigation privilege, which states that solicitor-client privilege and litigation privilege are distinct. However that Court observed that, \u201clitigation privilege is subject to clearly defined exceptions, not to a case-by-case balancing test. In the context of privileges, the exercise of balancing competing interests is associated with case-by-case privileges, not class privileges. The exceptions that apply to solicitor-client privilege are all applicable to litigation privilege. These include the exceptions relating to public safety, to the innocence of the accused and to criminal communications.\u201d It was further stated that litigation privilege can be asserted against third parties, including third party investigators who have a duty of confidentiality, therefore the insurer can very well assert the litigation privilege against the syndic, which cannot be lifted by Section 337 of ADFPS. [Lizotte v. Aviva Insurance Company of Canada, 2016 SCC OnLine Can SC 35<\/a> : [2016] SCC 52, decided on 25.11.2016]<\/p>\n

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Inside important SC directions to guide Investigators & protect Client-Advocate privilege","author":"Sucheta","date":"November 1, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cWhen a person cannot incriminate himself, he cannot be prejudiced or incriminated by the statement of his counsel, only on the basis of the professional communications he had with his counsel, in confidence\u201d.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"summons to advocates","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/summons-to-advocates.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/summons-to-advocates.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/summons-to-advocates.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/summons-to-advocates.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":49911,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2016\/06\/01\/privilege-communication-between-husband-and-wife-is-not-available-in-family-court-proceedings\/","url_meta":{"origin":99121,"position":4},"title":"Privilege communication between husband and wife is admissible in Family Court proceedings","author":"Sucheta","date":"June 1, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Rajasthan High Court: While deciding a writ petition the Court has stated that Section 65 B of Evidence Act is not applicable to the evidence in the form of Pin Hole camera with a hard disk memory on which a recording was done, as it was submitted as Primary evidence,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":233887,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/08\/13\/cal-hc-plea-of-absolute-privilege-protects-a-statement-in-civil-defamation-however-false-and-defamatory-it-may-be-even-though-made-with-malicious-motive\/","url_meta":{"origin":99121,"position":5},"title":"Cal HC | Plea of absolute privilege protects a statement in civil defamation, however false and defamatory it may be, even though made with malicious motive","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"August 13, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Calcutta High Court:\u00a0Debangsu Basak, J., while addressing a matter with regard to defamation, observed that \"in a civil action for defamation, the plea of absolute privilege protects a statement as no action would lie for it, however false and defamatory it may be, even though, it was made maliciously and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99121","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/91"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99121"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99121\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99121"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}