{"id":6131,"date":"2015-06-04T13:06:00","date_gmt":"2015-06-04T13:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/sccblog\/?p=6131"},"modified":"2015-10-14T12:58:59","modified_gmt":"2015-10-14T07:28:59","slug":"essential-element-for-habitual-residence-is-the-quality-of-stability-upheld","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2015\/06\/04\/essential-element-for-habitual-residence-is-the-quality-of-stability-upheld\/","title":{"rendered":"Essential element for \u2018habitual residence\u2019 is the quality of stability, upheld"},"content":{"rendered":"

Supreme Court of United Kingdom<\/span><\/b>– Deciding on the issue whether the court should order the return to France of two little girls who have been living with their mother in Scotland since July 2013, the Court unanimously dismissed the appeal filed by the father and observed that, for the purposes of \u2018habitual residence\u2019, the stability of residence, rather than its degree of permanence, is important. The present appeal before the Court concerns the application of Article 3 of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction (\u2018the Convention\u2019) which states that it is unlawful to remove or retain a child in breach of rights of custody attributed to a person under the law of the state in which the child was \u2018habitually resident\u2019 immediately before removal or retention. The Court, hence, delved into the discussion as to what elements constitute a \u2018habitual residence\u2019 and noted that for the purposes of applying the Hague Convention, \u2018habitual residence\u2019 is to be determined in accordance with the guidance given in A v A<\/i> 2014 AC 1, In re L<\/i> and In re LC<\/i> (Children) (Reunite International Child Abduction Centre intervening) 2014 UKSC 1; 2014 AC 1038.  <\/span><\/p>\n

The facts in the instant state, two small children, born and raised in France, were brought to Scotland by their mother in July 2013 with the consent of their father, who remained in France. The mother and children were to live in Scotland for the period of about a year. In November 2013, the relationship between the parents ended. On 20 November 2013, the mother commenced proceedings in which she sought a residence order in respect of the children and an interdict against the father removing them from Scotland. The father argued that it was a wrongful retention within the meaning of the Convention on the basis that the children were habitually resident in France immediately before proceedings commenced. The Outer House of the Court of Session concluded that the children were habitually resident in France on 20 November 2013 and decided in favor of the father while the Inner House found that the children were habitually resident in Scotland at the material time.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lord Reed giving the unanimous judgment observed that parental intentions in relation to residence in the country in question are a relevant factor, but they are not the only relevant factor. The Court further noted the factors that the children moved with their mother to Scotland and that was where they lived, for what was intended to be a period of 12 months; their life there had the necessary quality of stability as their family as well as social life there. The longer time went on, the more deeply integrated the children had become into their environment in Scotland, thus the children were habitually resident in Scotland. AR V. RN<\/i>, 2015 UKSC 35, decided on 22.05.2015<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Supreme Court of United Kingdom– Deciding on the issue whether the court should order the return to France of two little girls <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7321,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-foreigncourts"],"yoast_head":"\nEssential element for \u2018habitual residence\u2019 is the quality of stability, upheld | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2015\/06\/04\/essential-element-for-habitual-residence-is-the-quality-of-stability-upheld\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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It is pertinent to note that the High Court of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Op Eds"","block_context":{"text":"Op Eds","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/op-ed\/legal-analysis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Law-Commission-of-India.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Law-Commission-of-India.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Law-Commission-of-India.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Law-Commission-of-India.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Law-Commission-of-India.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":223580,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/12\/25\/uk-sc-welfare-of-child-is-the-paramount-consideration-in-a-custody-battle-israeli-nationals-daughter-allowed-to-be-retained-with-her-mother-in-england-for-the-childs-welf\/","url_meta":{"origin":6131,"position":3},"title":"UK SC | Welfare of child is paramount consideration in a custody battle \u2013 Israeli nationals\u2019 daughter allowed to be retained with her mother in England for child\u2019s welfare","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 25, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court of the United Kingdom: A Full Bench of Lord Wilson, Lord Hodge, Lady Black, Lord Kitchin and Lord Sales upheld the appeal of the mother to retain her child in London and set aside the Court of Appeal\u2019s order. The mother and father were Israeli nationals who moved\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":205056,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/11\/13\/place-of-residence-of-mother-to-be-considered-while-instituting-a-petition-for-guardianship-of-a-minor-child-below-5-years-of-age\/","url_meta":{"origin":6131,"position":4},"title":"Place of residence of mother to be considered while instituting a petition for guardianship of a minor child below 5 years of age","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 13, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Punjab & Haryana High Court: A Single Judge Bench of Amol Rattan Singh, J., dismissed a petition filed against the order of the lower court whereby the application of the petitioner under Order VII, Rule 11 of CPC was dismissed. The main issue that arose before the Court was whether\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":350199,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/06\/09\/forcible-removal-of-minor-child-by-parent-to-new-place-will-not-make-it-ordinary-residence-dhc\/","url_meta":{"origin":6131,"position":5},"title":"Delhi High Court: Forcible removal of minor child by parent to new place doesn\u2019t make that place an ordinary residence","author":"Arushi","date":"June 9, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cWhile it is correct that for purposes of invoking jurisdiction under Section 9 of the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890, it is not necessary for the child to be a permanent resident of the place and even a temporary residence shall suffice, such temporary residence should not be illegal or\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Delhi High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6131"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6131\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}