{"id":391005,"date":"2026-07-21T17:00:21","date_gmt":"2026-07-21T11:30:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=391005"},"modified":"2026-07-21T17:28:17","modified_gmt":"2026-07-21T11:58:17","slug":"sc-pil-seeks-sop-speedy-probe-and-asset-confiscation-in-paper-leak-cases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/07\/21\/sc-pil-seeks-sop-speedy-probe-and-asset-confiscation-in-paper-leak-cases\/","title":{"rendered":"PIL Filed in Supreme Court Seeking Standard Investigation Procedure and Time-Bound Probe for Paper Leaks; Urges Reconsideration of Selvi Ruling"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

A public interest litigation under Article 32<\/a> of the Constitution<\/a> was instituted by the petitioner raising concerns over the recurring incidents of question paper leaks across the country and their adverse impact on students and their families. Contending that such incidents have resulted in violations of Articles 14, 16 and 21, the petitioner has sought directions to the Centre and States to formulate a ‘Standard Questionnaire and Special Investigation Procedure’ for time-bound investigation and speedy trial of paper leak cases, besides seeking confiscation of the properties of perpetrators and their family members under the relevant anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws.<\/p>\n

The petition traced the cause of action to the alleged NEET paper leak of 3 May 2026 and submitted that the continuing failure of the authorities to effectively prevent and prosecute such offences has caused widespread financial, educational and psychological hardship to affected students.<\/p>\n

Also Read:<\/span> Del HC Directs for Production of Sonam Wangchuk’s Comprehensive Medical Record | SCC Times<\/a><\/p>\n

Also Read:<\/span> Del HC declines Sonam Wangchuk’s transfer to another hospital plea | SCC Times<\/a><\/p>\n

Also Read:<\/span> Del HC Orders Continuous Medical Monitoring of Sonam Wangchuk | SCC Times<\/a><\/p>\n

MAIN ISSUES<\/p>\n

The petitioner contended that despite the enactment of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024<\/a>, recurring paper leaks continue due to significant lacunae in its implementation. The petition highlights the absence of<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    time-bound investigation and trial mechanism,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    a standard investigation procedure for paper leak cases,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    assessment of perpetrators to trace prior offences and proceeds of crime,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    confiscation of properties acquired through such proceeds, and<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    the use of deception detection tests to identify the actual masterminds behind paper leak rackets.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    QUESTIONS OF LAW<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Whether recurring paper leaks of public examinations violate the fundamental rights guaranteed under Articles 14 and 21?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      ‘Whether the provisions of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024<\/a>, have been effectively implemented, and whether failure to enforce the Act warrants judicial intervention?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Whether the absence of standard investigation procedure, to not merely punish the perpetrator & prevent such leaks by identifying the true masterminds, defeats the object of the Act itself?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Whether there is a requirement of pronouncement of guidelines by the Court, in light of the existing lacunas in the law?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      Whether the use of the DDT on the perpetrators is permissible, so as to find out the masterminds operationalising such leaks?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n

      Whether a blanket ban on use of the DDT on perpetrators Is warranted, in light of the veritable advances in science?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    7. \n

      Whether the blanket restriction on DDTs in Selvi<\/span> v. State of Karnataka<\/span> (2010) 7 SCC 263, needs to be relooked?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      CONTENTIONS<\/p>\n

      The petitioner contended that recurring paper leaks violate the fundamental rights guaranteed under Articles 14<\/a>, 16<\/a>, 19<\/a> and 21<\/a> of the Constitution<\/a> by undermining the fairness and integrity of public examinations, causing loss of educational and employment opportunities, financial hardship, psychological trauma, and erosion of students’ legitimate expectations.<\/p>\n

      It was submitted that despite the enactment of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024<\/a>, the absence of a time-bound investigation, standard operating procedure, effective confiscation of proceeds of crime, and robust enforcement mechanisms has enabled organised paper leak syndicates to continue operating with impunity. Relying on decisions of the Supreme Court and various High Courts, the petitioner submitted that the State has a heightened constitutional obligation to ensure transparent and credible examinations as an integral facet of the rights to equality, education, livelihood, dignity, health and speedy investigation. The petitioner further asserted that a uniform Standard Operating Procedure would facilitate prompt investigation, preservation of evidence, identification of masterminds, protection of affected candidates, objective decision-making regarding cancellation of examinations, and effective implementation of the confiscatory provisions under the 2024 Act.<\/p>\n

      The petitioner submitted that the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024<\/a> is inadequate as it merely criminalises paper leaks without prescribing a comprehensive framework for investigation. Drawing a comparison with jurisdictions such as the United Kingdom, China and South Korea, it was contended that India lacks a uniform Standard Operating Procedure providing for mandatory reporting, evidence preservation, statutory timelines, digital forensic protocols, inter-agency coordination, institutional accountability, financial investigation of organised syndicates, and specialised oversight. The petitioner submitted that a robust SOP is necessary to ensure effective implementation of the Act and timely investigation of paper leak cases.<\/p>\n

      The petitioner further submitted that investigation agencies often apprehend only lower-level operatives while the masterminds behind organised paper leak syndicates evade prosecution. It was argued that the absence of stringent investigative measures and effective confiscation of illicit assets discourages disclosure of higher-level conspirators. Seeking reconsideration of the decision in Selvi v. State of Karnataka<\/span>, the petitioner submitted that deception detection techniques such as polygraph and Brain Electrical Activation Profile (BEAP) tests ought to be permitted for investigation of paper leak cases, contending that the prohibition on their use warrants reconsideration in light of State of Bombay v. Kathi Kalu Oghad<\/span>, 1961 SCC OnLine SC 74 and advances in scientific investigation. The petitioner also urged the Court to direct consecutive sentencing in paper leak cases as a deterrent against organised examination fraud.<\/p>\n

      PRAYER<\/p>\n

      The petitioner has sought the following reliefs:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        Directions to the Centre and States to formulate a ‘Standard Questionnaire’ and ‘Special Investigation Procedure’ to ensure time-bound investigation and speedy trial of paper leak cases.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        Directions to assess the assets of the perpetrators and their family members and invoke the provisions of the Prevention of Corruption Act, Prevention of Money Laundering Act, Benami Property Transactions Act, and Black Money Act, wherever applicable.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        Directions for confiscation of the movable and immovable properties of perpetrators and their family members allegedly involved, directly or indirectly, in paper leak cases.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      4. \n

        A declaration that sentences imposed in paper leak cases should run consecutively and not concurrently to act as an effective deterrent.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      5. \n

        Alternatively, a direction to the Law Commission to examine international best practices on tackling paper leaks and submit a report within three months.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      6. \n

        Any other order or direction deemed fit in the interests of justice.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Also Read:<\/span><\/span> NEET 2026 Paper Leak Controversy: What Happened, Why It Matters, and What Must Change<\/a><\/p>\n

        Also Read:<\/span><\/span> NEET 2026 Paper Leak Controversy Explained | SCC Times<\/a><\/p>\n

        [Ashwini Kumar Upadhyay<\/span> v. Union of India, Writ Petition (Crl.) No 264 of 2026<\/span><\/span>]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        PIL before the Supreme Court seeks directions to the Centre and States to formulate a uniform investigation framework for paper leak cases, ensure time-bound probes and speedy trials, confiscate proceeds of crime, and reconsider the prohibition on deception detection techniques in light of advances in forensic science and Kathi Kalu Oghad<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67541,"featured_media":391011,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1188,2],"tags":[110412,110410,110409,70720,110405,110411,11321,50461,70126,110406,110408,110407,5363],"class_list":["post-391005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hot_off_the_press","category-news","tag-asset-confiscation","tag-beap-test","tag-deception-detection-tests","tag-neet-paper-leak","tag-paper-leak-cases","tag-paper-leak-investigation","tag-pil","tag-polygraph-test","tag-public-examinations","tag-public-examinations-prevention-of-unfair-means-act","tag-selvi-v-state-of-karnataka","tag-standard-investigation-procedure","tag-supreme-court"],"yoast_head":"\nSC PIL Seeks SOP, Speedy Probe and Asset Confiscation in Paper Leak Cases | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"PIL filed in the Supreme Court seeks a uniform SOP for paper leak investigations, speedy trials, asset confiscation, and reconsideration of Selvi on deception detection tests\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/07\/21\/sc-pil-seeks-sop-speedy-probe-and-asset-confiscation-in-paper-leak-cases\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PIL Filed in Supreme Court Seeking Standard Investigation Procedure and Time-Bound Probe for Paper Leaks; 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