{"id":387567,"date":"2026-06-18T15:00:32","date_gmt":"2026-06-18T09:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=387567"},"modified":"2026-06-18T15:21:16","modified_gmt":"2026-06-18T09:51:16","slug":"rule-23-1-compassionate-financial-assistance-not-appointment-sc-or-haryana-compassionate-appointment-rule-23-1-inapplicable-sc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/06\/18\/rule-23-1-compassionate-financial-assistance-not-appointment-sc-or-haryana-compassionate-appointment-rule-23-1-inapplicable-sc\/","title":{"rendered":"Compassionate Appointment Cannot be Kept in Abeyance by Invoking Rule Applicable Only to Financial Assistance: SC upholds Haryana Rule"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Supreme Court:<\/span> In a civil appeal arising out of a dispute concerning claim for compassionate appointment under the Haryana Compassionate Assistance to the Dependents of Deceased Government Employees Rules, 2019, a Division Bench of Sanjay Karol and Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh*, JJ.<\/span>, examined the scope and interplay of Rule 23(1) and Rule 5(1)(f<\/span>) and (g<\/span>), particularly in the context of pending criminal proceedings arising out of the death of a government employee and the entitlement of dependents to compassionate benefits.<\/p>\n

The Court held that Rule 23(1), by its plain language, is confined to “compassionate financial assistance” and does not extend to claims for compassionate appointment, and that the sequential hierarchy under Rule 5(1)(f<\/span>) cannot be imported into Rule 5(1)(g<\/span>), which governs appointment and contains no “failing” clause. Emphasising that compassionate appointment, though not a vested right, must be considered strictly within the statutory framework, the Court set aside the High Court’s view that the claim could remain suspended during pendency of criminal proceedings, and directed consideration of the appellant’s claim on merits in accordance with the Rules of 2019.<\/p>\n

Background<\/h3>\n

The present case arose from the death of Gajender Singh Chauhan, a Junior Basic Teacher employed with the Government of Haryana, who died in a road accident on 28 September 2021 under suspicious circumstances. Subsequently, his wife, Pushpa Devi, was arraigned as an accused under Section 302<\/a> IPC<\/a> on allegations of conspiring in his murder. During the pendency of the criminal proceedings, the deceased employee’s family sought release of service benefits and compassionate appointment. Pushpa Devi furnished an affidavit stating that the post-death benefits could be released in favour of her sons, including the appellant, and that she would not assert any independent claim thereto.<\/p>\n

The education authorities, while processing the claim, opined that in view of the applicable Haryana Compassionate Assistance Rules, 2019, the accused wife was not entitled to compassionate benefits and directed the appellant, being a major son of the deceased employee, to submit the requisite documents for consideration of his claim. Despite repeated representations and an earlier writ petition seeking consideration of his claim, no final relief was granted. Although Pushpa Devi was acquitted by the Sessions Court on 14 October 2024, the acquittal was based on benefit of doubt and not on a clean exoneration. Thereafter, an appeal against her acquittal was preferred before the Punjab and Haryana High Court by the complainant, resulting in continuation of the criminal proceedings.<\/p>\n

In the meanwhile, the Director of Elementary Education kept the appellant’s claim for compassionate appointment in abeyance and subsequently rejected it on the ground that the criminal proceedings concerning his mother had not attained finality. Aggrieved thereby, the appellant instituted a writ petition challenging the constitutional validity of Rule 23(1), Haryana Compassionate Assistance to the Dependents of Deceased Government Employees Rules, 2019, and sought consideration of his claim notwithstanding the pendency of the criminal appeal. The High Court upheld the validity of the Rule and held that compassionate benefits could remain suspended during the pendency of criminal proceedings. It further observed that the widow of the deceased employee had the primary right to claim such benefits and that the appellant’s entitlement, if any, would arise only after a final determination of her claim. Consequently, the writ petition was dismissed, leading to the present appeal before the Supreme Court.<\/p>\n

Analysis<\/h3>\n

The Supreme Court reiterated that compassionate appointment is not a vested or heritable right but a concession extended by the State to provide immediate succour to the family of a deceased employee. At the same time, while a claimant must satisfy the eligibility conditions prescribed under the governing rules, the State is equally bound to justify any refusal or deferment of such claim strictly within the framework of the applicable statutory provisions.<\/p>\n

Examining Rule 23(1), Haryana Compassionate Assistance to the Dependents of Deceased Government Employees Rules, 2019, the Court held that the provision, by its plain language, applies exclusively to “compassionate financial assistance” and not to “compassionate appointment”. The Court noted that both the marginal heading and the substantive text of Rule 23 consistently employ the expression “compassionate financial assistance”, while making no reference whatsoever to compassionate appointment. Consequently, extending the scope of Rule 23(1) to compassionate appointment would amount to judicial legislation rather than statutory interpretation.<\/p>\n

The Court further observed that the Rules of 2019 maintain a deliberate and consistent distinction between compassionate financial assistance and compassionate appointment. Separate definitions, eligibility criteria, procedures, competent authorities, and application mechanisms govern the 2 forms of relief. In this statutory backdrop, the omission of compassionate appointment from Rule 23(1) was held to be intentional and incapable of being supplied by judicial interpretation.<\/p>\n

Disagreeing with the High Court’s reasoning, the Court held that Rule 5(1)(f<\/span>), which governs compassionate financial assistance, contains an express cascading hierarchy through the repeated use of the word “failing”, thereby creating a sequential priority among claimants. In contrast, Rule 5(1)(g<\/span>), which governs compassionate appointment, contains no such “failing” formulation. The provision merely identifies the members of the family eligible for compassionate appointment and does not create any absolute statutory bar preventing consideration of a child’s claim until the widow’s claim is conclusively determined. The Court emphasised that importing the sequential hierarchy of Rule 5(1)(f<\/span>) into Rule 5(1)(g<\/span>) would amount to reading into the Rule a restriction which the rule-making authority had consciously omitted. The Court also took note of the fact that the appellant’s mother and brother had executed affidavits relinquishing their claims.<\/p>\n

On the constitutional challenge, the Court upheld the validity of Rule 23(1), holding that it is preventive and regulatory in character and has a rational nexus with the objective of preventing a person who may be criminally responsible for the death of the government employee from accessing compassionate financial assistance. However, the Court clarified that constitutional validity and applicability are distinct questions. While Rule 23(1) is constitutionally valid, it operates only in the field of compassionate financial assistance and has no application to a claim for compassionate appointment.<\/p>\n

The Court also highlighted an apparent anomaly in the Rules of 2019. While compassionate financial assistance is expressly suspended during the pendency of criminal proceedings relating to the death of the employee, no corresponding restriction exists in respect of compassionate appointment, which is a substantially greater and more enduring benefit. The Court observed that this legislative gap may generate administrative difficulties and unnecessary litigation and, therefore, recommended that the State Government consider appropriate amendments to address the anomaly.<\/p>\n

Decision<\/h3>\n

Accordingly, the Court held that the State authorities had erred in keeping the appellant’s claim in abeyance by invoking Rule 23(1) and by treating the widow’s unresolved claim as an absolute bar. Finding no legal impediment to consideration of the appellant’s application, the Court allowed the appeal, set aside the High Court’s judgment, and directed the authorities to consider and decide the appellant’s claim for compassionate appointment strictly in accordance with the Rules of 2019 within 3 months. The Court clarified that its direction does not confer any automatic right to appointment and that the claim must still be examined on its own merits, subject to fulfilment of all eligibility requirements under the Rules.<\/p>\n

Also Read:<\/span> Compassionate Appointment| Applicability of Scheme in force on date of employee’s death OR date of consideration of the application? SC resolves the conflict<\/a><\/p>\n

[Atul Chauhan<\/span> v. State of Haryana<\/span>, 2026 SCC OnLine SC 1108<\/a>, decided on 11-6-2026<\/span>]<\/p>\n

*Judgment authored by: Justice Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Supreme Court clarified that compassionate appointment and compassionate financial assistance are distinct benefits under the Haryana Compassionate Assistance Rules, 2019, and held that Rule 23(1) cannot be invoked to defer a claim for compassionate appointment during the pendency of criminal 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