{"id":380063,"date":"2026-04-03T10:00:34","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T04:30:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=380063"},"modified":"2026-04-03T09:45:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T04:15:12","slug":"sc-restores-criminal-proceeding-unauthorised-sale-of-church-land","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/04\/03\/sc-restores-criminal-proceeding-unauthorised-sale-of-church-land\/","title":{"rendered":"Supreme Court restores criminal proceeding over unauthorised sale of CSI Church land"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Supreme Court:<\/span> In an appeal challenging the Andhra Pradesh High Court&#8217;s order (impugned order) quashing the criminal proceedings relating to alleged fraud and forgery in the sale of CSI Church land, particularly when the allegations disclosed serious discrepancies concerning authorisation, extent of land sold, and compliance with governing rules, the Division Bench of Ahsanuddin Amanullah and R. Mahadevan, JJ., set aside the impugned order and restored the criminal proceedings, holding that the material on record disclosed prima facie allegations of fraud, forgery, and unauthorised alienation of trust property, i.e. CSI Church land, the High Court ought not had quash criminal proceedings at the threshold.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The dispute in instant matter concerns with the transfer of 7.75 acres of land situated in Ananthapuramu, belonging to the Church of South India Trust Association (CSITA). It was asserted that a Resolution dated 10 February 2007 authorised the sale of only 1 acre of land along with a bungalow, whereas the sale deed executed on 22 September 2007 transferred the entire 7.75 acres.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The appellant contended that the sale deed was fraudulent, not only because it exceeded the authority granted but also because the consideration was grossly undervalued. While the circle rate suggested a valuation of nearly &#8377;10 crores, the land was sold for merely &#8377;1 crore.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The High Court quashed the criminal proceedings on two principal grounds that, (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">i<\/span>) the complainant lacked locus standi as the matter pertained to internal affairs of the trust; and (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ii<\/span>) there was an unexplained delay of several years in lodging the FIR.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court examined statements recorded under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519397\" target=\"_blank\">161<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">CrPC<\/a> and other materials which revealed significant inconsistencies. It was noted that key witnesses, including officials of the Church, categorically stated that the Resolution dated 10 February 2007 permitted sale of only 1 acre, and no subsequent resolution authorised sale of the entire extent. It was noted that mandatory approvals under governing rules were not obtained, the sale proceeds were not properly accounted for, and statutory requirements such as remittance of 1 per cent to CSITA were not complied with. The Court asserted that these circumstances &#8220;cast serious doubt on the genuineness and scope&#8221; of the transaction.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court held that the material on record prima facie disclosed serious irregularities. The Court noted that the resolution expressly referred to sale of only 1 acre, whereas the actual transfer was of 7.75 acres, &#8220;far beyond the authorised extent&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court reiterated that at the stage of quashing, the Court is not expected to conduct a mini-trial or evaluate the sufficiency of evidence. In the present case the allegations clearly disclosed triable issues, therefore, adjudication on evidence was required.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On the issue of locus standi, the Court clarified that criminal law can be set in motion by any person having knowledge of an offence, unless expressly barred. Therefore, the objection regarding maintainability was rejected. Regarding delay, the Court held that <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;delay in lodging the complaint is not by itself fatal, particularly in the absence of material indicating prior knowledge or deliberate inaction on the part of the complainant&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court further emphasised that the property in question, though managed by a corporate body, was essentially trust property held for the benefit of the community, making any irregularity in its alienation a matter of public concern.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court allowed the appeal and set aside the impugned order. The Court restored the criminal proceedings and directed to proceed from the stage at which they had been quashed. It clarified that its observations were limited to the question of quashing and would not prejudice the trial on merits.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">State of A.P. v. B. Reddeppa Reddy, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/p01WT31r\" target=\"_blank\">2026 SCC OnLine SC 501<\/a>, decided on 18-3-2026<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Ms. Prerna Singh, Adv., Mr. Guntur Pramod Kumar, AOR, Mr. Samarth Krishan Luthra, Adv., Mr. Dhruv Yadav, Adv., Counsel for the Appellant<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Mr. Basant R., Sr. Adv., Mr. Shailendera Kishore Singh, AOR, Ms. Ananya Singhal, Adv., Mr. Naman Vashishth, Adv., Mr. Akash Rajeev, Adv., Mr. Sumeer Sodhi, AOR, Mr. Varun Tankha, Adv., Ms. Vanshika Jhamb, Adv., Counsel for the Respondents<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;The land in question, though administered by a corporate body, is essentially trust property held for the benefit of the community, and any irregularity in its alienation is a matter of legitimate public concern.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67514,"featured_media":380067,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[6711,9091,38905,101673,60703,55017,70880,14781,21114,101672,13021,5363,101671],"class_list":["post-380063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-criminal-law","tag-criminal-proceedings","tag-delay-in-fir","tag-fraud-and-forgery","tag-inherent-powers-of-high-court","tag-justice-ahsanuddin-amanullah","tag-justice-r-mahadevan","tag-locus-standi","tag-quashing-of-fir","tag-sale-of-church-land","tag-section-482-crpc","tag-supreme-court","tag-trust-property-dispute"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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reminds Police to be vigilant before invoking stringent laws like SC-ST Act; expresses concern over litigants criminalising civil disputes","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"June 22, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe huge and unexplained delay of over 60 years in initiating dispute with regard to the ownership of the land, and the criminal case being lodged only after failure to obtain relief in the civil suits, coupled with denial of relief, reeked of malafide on the part of the complainant.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"sc st act","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/sc-st-act.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/sc-st-act.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, 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He was elevated to the Supreme Court in February 2023. He has formerly served as a Judge in Patna High Court and Andhra Pradesh High Court.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Know thy Judge&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Know thy Judge","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/judges-information\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"justice ahsanuddin amanullah","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/justice-ahsanuddin-amanullah.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/justice-ahsanuddin-amanullah.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/justice-ahsanuddin-amanullah.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/justice-ahsanuddin-amanullah.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":281938,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/01\/19\/investigating-agency-has-the-right-to-conduct-investigation-and-reasonable-time-should-be-given-to-them-to-conduct-the-investigation-supreme-court-set\/","url_meta":{"origin":380063,"position":2},"title":"Investigating Agencies deserve reasonable time to conduct investigation, Supreme Court sets aside Madras HC order quashing a criminal proceeding in haste","author":"Editor","date":"January 19, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Supreme Court noticed that in the case at hand, without giving any reasonable time to the investigating agency to investigate the allegations in the FIR, the Madras High Court has, in haste, quashed the criminal proceedings.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"investigation","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MicrosoftTeams-image-132.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":292691,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/05\/20\/supreme-court-grants-divorce-under-article-142-of-the-constitution-irretrievable-breakdown-of-marriage\/","url_meta":{"origin":380063,"position":3},"title":"Irretrievable breakdown of marriage | Supreme Court invokes Article 142 of the Constitution to grant mutual consent divorce","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"May 20, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"This ruling is significant in the light of the judgment dated 01-05-2023, wherein the Constitution Bench had held that the Supreme Court has the power to dissolve a marriage on the ground of irretrievable breakdown under Article 142(1) of the Constitution of India.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"article 142 of the constitution","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/article-142-of-the-constitution.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/article-142-of-the-constitution.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/article-142-of-the-constitution.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/article-142-of-the-constitution.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":243234,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/02\/02\/del-hc-offences-like-rape-forgery-having-a-bearing-on-vital-societal-interest-cannot-be-construed-to-be-merely-private-or-civil-disputes\/","url_meta":{"origin":380063,"position":4},"title":"Del HC | Offences like rape &#038; forgery having a bearing on vital societal interest cannot be construed to be merely private or civil disputes","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"February 2, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court: Subramonium Prasad, J., with regard to the settlement of disputes stated that: \u201cIn crimes which seriously endangers the well being of the society, it is not safe to leave the crime doer only because he and the victim have settled the dispute amicably. \u201c The instant petition\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":283618,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/02\/10\/supreme-court-grants-anticipatory-bail-to-85-disabled-accused-in-cheating-case-legal-research-legal-news-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":380063,"position":5},"title":"Supreme Court grants anticipatory bail to 85% disabled accused in cheating case","author":"Editor","date":"February 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court in a case pertaining to allegations of cheating and criminal breach of trust, held that the accused is entitled for anticipatory bail, and directed the Investigating Agency to follow the procedure prescribed under CrPC for investigation against the disabled person","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-352-2.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/380063","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67514"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=380063"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/380063\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":380065,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/380063\/revisions\/380065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/380067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=380063"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=380063"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=380063"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}