{"id":378378,"date":"2026-03-13T16:00:25","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T10:30:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=378378"},"modified":"2026-03-16T17:30:03","modified_gmt":"2026-03-16T12:00:03","slug":"sc-permits-issuance-of-medical-degrees-despite-invalid-tribe-certificates","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/03\/13\/sc-permits-issuance-of-medical-degrees-despite-invalid-tribe-certificates\/","title":{"rendered":"SC Balances Equity: Medical Degrees Allowed Despite Invalid Tribe Certificates; \u20b910 Lakh Compensation Ordered"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Supreme Court:<\/span> The instant judgment raises an important issue concerning the consequences of admission obtained based on caste or tribe certificates that are subsequently declared invalid by the competent Scrutiny Committee. Invoking power under Article 142<\/a> of the Constitution<\/a>, a Division Bench of Dipankar Datta and Rajesh Bindal, JJ., directed the issuance of degrees to appellants who had secured admission to medical courses on reserved seats based on tribe certificate.<\/p>\n

However, the Court acknowledged the injustice caused to genuine candidates who might have secured admission and therefore, held that the appellants could not be allowed to go “scot-free” and must bear some consequence for the irregular admission. It directed each appellant to deposit ₹10,00,000 with the Vice-Chancellor of the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik (the University) and the same to be released to the deprived candidates.<\/p>\n

In the instant matter, the appellants had secured admission to medical courses on seats reserved for members of Scheduled Tribes on the basis of tribe certificates produced by them at the time of admission. Subsequently, the validity of these certificates was scrutinized by the competent Scrutiny Committee, which found the certificates to be invalid and cancelled them.<\/p>\n

By the time the certificates were invalidated, both appellants had already completed their respective medical courses and had also successfully cleared all examinations conducted by the University. Ordinarily, upon passing these examinations, they would have been entitled to receive their medical degrees from the university. However, because their tribe certificates were invalidated and the High Court had upheld such invalidation, the university declined to issue the degrees.<\/p>\n

Aggrieved by the refusal and the dismissal of their writ petitions before the High Court, the appellants approached the Supreme Court seeking relief.<\/p>\n

The Court observed that there was no dispute that the appellants had secured admission on the basis of tribe certificates which were subsequently cancelled. At the same time, it noted that the invalidation of the certificates occurred only after the appellants had already completed their courses and passed the examinations.<\/p>\n

The Court considered the broader implications of refusing relief. It emphasised that denying the degrees would result in the seats occupied by the appellants going waste and would render their academic efforts meaningless. The Court also pointed out that it was “nobody’s case that the appellants succeeded in the examinations other than on merits.”<\/p>\n

Taking a pragmatic view, the Court highlighted that the country lacks enough qualified doctor and allowing the appellants to practice medicine would serve the larger interests of society, as they had demonstrated the required competence by successfully completing the course and examinations.<\/p>\n

However, the Court also acknowledged that the appellants had gained admission through certificates that were ultimately declared invalid. As a result, they had deprived eligible candidates with genuine tribe claims of seats that should have been allotted to them. Therefore, the Court held that the appellants could not be allowed to escape the consequences entirely.<\/p>\n

To balance the equities, the Court held that while the appellants could be granted partial relief in the interest of society, they must also bear a financial consequence for having occupied seats meant for genuine candidates.<\/p>\n

The Court disposed of the appeals with the following directions:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Each appellant must deposit ₹10,00,000 with the Vice-Chancellor of the University within three months.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Upon such deposit, the University must issue the medical degrees or certificates to the appellants within 24 hours.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    After receiving the degrees, the appellants would be entitled to enroll with the appropriate medical council and practice the profession.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    The University must identify the candidates who were deprived of admission due to the appellants occupying reserved seats.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    The amounts deposited by the appellants are to be released in favour of such deprived candidates.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  6. \n

    If the appellants fail to deposit the amount within the stipulated period, the Court may reconsider the relief granted.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  7. \n

    The appellants’ undertaking not to claim any reservation benefits in the future based on the invalidated tribe certificates was recorded.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The Court clarified that the invalidation of the tribe certificates by the High Court would remain undisturbed. The Court further clarified that directions granting relief were issued in exercise of the Court’s power under Article 142<\/a> of the Constitution<\/a> and therefore not to be treated as a precedent.<\/p>\n

    [Vivekkumar v. State of Maharashtra, 2026 SCC OnLine SC 359<\/a>, decided on 25-2-2026<\/span>]<\/p>\n

    Buy Constitution of India  HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

    \"Constitution<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    “Appellants secured admission based on tribe certificates, which have since been cancelled, is not in doubt. Nonetheless, sight cannot be lost that their tribe certificates were invalidated after they had graduated.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67514,"featured_media":378389,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[5611,100518,48567,38783,100515,40866,44377,100516,100517,5363,100519],"class_list":["post-378378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-article-142","tag-compensation-to-deprived-candidates","tag-education-law","tag-equitable-relief","tag-invalid-tribe-certificate","tag-justice-dipankar-datta","tag-justice-rajesh-bindal","tag-medical-admission-dispute","tag-reservation-in-education","tag-supreme-court","tag-tribe-certificate-scrutiny-committee"],"yoast_head":"\nSC permits issuance of medical degrees despite invalid Tribe Certificates | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Invoking Article 142, Supreme Court permits issuance of medical degrees despite invalidation of Tribe Certificates, subject to compensation to deprived candidates.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/03\/13\/sc-permits-issuance-of-medical-degrees-despite-invalid-tribe-certificates\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SC Balances Equity: Medical Degrees Allowed Despite Invalid Tribe Certificates; 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Milind, (2001) 1 SCC 4, that the benefits drawn by a candidate not belonging to a scheduled tribe, must be considered to having been drawn on the basis of a false caste certificate; such benefits are\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Bombay High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":340359,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/02\/03\/halba-halbi-different-scheduled-tribes-consider-pre-constitutional-documents-for-validity-certificate-bomhc\/","url_meta":{"origin":378378,"position":1},"title":"\u2018\u2018Halba\u2019 and \u2018Halbi\u2019 are different Scheduled Tribes\u2019; Bombay HC directs Committee to issue validity certificate considering pre-constitutional documents","author":"Simranjeet","date":"February 3, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"By the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976, the Schedule\u2014IX is amended by deleting the original Entry at S.No.13 as \u2018Halba or Halbi\u2019 and inserting Entry at S.No.19 as \u2018Halba, Halbi\u2019 for the State of Maharashtra, pursuant to the States Reorganization Act, 1956.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Bombay High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":240899,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/12\/18\/bombay-high-court-could-not-have-granted-scheduled-tribe-status-to-gowari-community-holds-sc-read-what-happens-to-admissions-employment-secured-so-far\/","url_meta":{"origin":378378,"position":2},"title":"Bombay High Court could not have granted Scheduled Tribe status to “Gowari” community, holds SC. Read what happens to admissions, employment secured so far","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"December 18, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: In a case where the Bombay High Court declared that tribe \u201cGowari\u201d is a part of Scheduled Tribe \u201cGond Gowari\u201d thereby leading to several people taking benefit of Scheduled Tribes for admissions and employment, the bench of Ashok Bhushan*, R. Subhash Reddy and MR Shah, JJ has held\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":288072,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/03\/28\/supreme-court-affinity-test-is-not-a-litmus-test-to-decide-a-caste-claim-legal-research-legal-news-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":378378,"position":3},"title":"Affinity test not integral for determining the correctness of a caste claim: Supreme Court","author":"Apoorva","date":"March 28, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court held that when an affinity test is conducted by Vigilance Cell, the result of the test along with all other material on record having probative value will have to be taken into consideration by the Scrutiny Committee for deciding the caste validity claim","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"correctness of a caste claim","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-905.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-905.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-905.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-905.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":293437,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/05\/30\/supreme-court-decides-what-constitutes-caste-based-insult\/","url_meta":{"origin":378378,"position":4},"title":"Does \u2018Caste based insult\u2019 include calling person belonging to Scheduled Caste or Tribe \u201cBewakoof\u201d, \u201cMurkh\u201d, \u201cChor\u201d? Supreme Court answers","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"May 30, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Supreme Court observed that it is desirable that before an accused is subjected to a trial for alleged commission of offence under section 3(1)(x), the utterances made by him in any place within public view are outlined, if not in the F.I.R., but at least in the charge-sheet so\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"caste based insult","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/caste-based-insult-1.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/caste-based-insult-1.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/caste-based-insult-1.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/caste-based-insult-1.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":279539,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/12\/13\/know-thy-newly-appointed-supreme-court-judge-justice-dipankar-datta\/","url_meta":{"origin":378378,"position":5},"title":"Know Thy Newly Appointed Supreme Court Judge- Justice Dipankar Datta","author":"Editor","date":"December 13, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Former Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court, Justice Dipankar Datta, was sworn in as a Supreme Court Judge. 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