{"id":374651,"date":"2026-02-04T16:00:15","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T10:30:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=374651"},"modified":"2026-02-09T09:31:14","modified_gmt":"2026-02-09T04:01:14","slug":"madhya-pradesh-high-court-dna-test-adultery-divorce-upheld","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/02\/04\/madhya-pradesh-high-court-dna-test-adultery-divorce-upheld\/","title":{"rendered":"DNA test of a child permissible in divorce proceeding on ground of adultery: Madhya Pradesh High Court"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n.animate-charcter{background-image: linear-gradient(-225deg, #231557 0%, #44107a 29%, #ff1361 67%, #fff800 100%); background-size: 200% auto; -webkit-background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; animation: textclip 0s linear infinite;}\n@keyframes textclip {to {background-position: 200% center;}}\n<\/style>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Disclaimer:<\/span> <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">This has been reported after the availability of the order of the Court and not on media reports, so as to give an accurate report to our readers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Madhya Pradesh High Court:<\/span> In a petition filed by the petitioner-wife, challenging the Jabalpur Family Court&#8217;s order directing a Deoxyribonucleic Acid (&#8216;DNA&#8217;) test of a minor girl child in divorce proceedings to determine if the child is born out of wedlock, the Single Bench of <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Vivek Jain<\/span>, J., held that where a divorce petition is founded on allegations of adultery and is supported by specific pleadings of non-access, ordering a DNA test to ascertain the if the grounds hold, does not violate the statutory presumption of legitimacy under the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726934\" target=\"_blank\">Evidence Act<\/a>. The Court upheld the Family Court&#8217;s direction and dismissed the petition.<\/p>\n<h3>Background:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In the instnat matter, the wife challenged the order of the Family Court, Jabalpur, which allowed the respondent-husband&#8217;s application seeking a DNA test of the child born during the subsistence of the marriage. The husband had instituted divorce proceedings alleging adultery.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The wife contended that such testing would invade privacy, stigmatise the child, and undermine the statutory presumption of legitimacy under S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001516692\" target=\"_blank\">112<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726934\" target=\"_blank\">Evidence Act<\/a>. She also argued that DNA testing cannot be directed &#8216;at mere asking&#8217; and that courts must protect the child&#8217;s dignity, best interests and legitimacy. The petitioner placed reliance on the case of <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Aparna Ajinkya Firodia<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Ajinkya Arun Firodia<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/g5nFCe6f\" target=\"_blank\">(2024) 7 SCC 773 <\/a>(&#8216;<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Aparna Ajinkya Firodia case<\/span>&#8217;).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On the other hand, the husband contended that the divorce petition contained specific pleadings of non-access. He asserted that, being posted in the Army, he had limited access to his wife and that the timeline of pregnancy rendered the biological paternity of the child doubtful. It was submitted that DNA evidence was necessary to establish adultery.<\/p>\n<h3>Issue:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Whether a Court can direct the DNA test of a child in a divorce petition alleging adultery?<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis<\/h3>\n<p>At the outset, the Court noted that the petition did not concern the husband&#8217;s willingness to maintain the child. It was only concerned with the DNA test to prove the adultery of the wife. The Court relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Dipanwita Roy<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Ronobroto Roy<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/9725kqez\" target=\"_blank\">(2015) 1 SCC 365<\/a> (&#8216;<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Dipanwita Roy case<\/span>&#8217;) to examine the scope and object of S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001516692\" target=\"_blank\">112<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726934\" target=\"_blank\">Evidence Act<\/a>. This Section embodies a rule of public policy that there is a conclusive presumption of legitimacy in respect of a child born during the subsistence of a valid marriage. In the <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Dipanwita Roy<\/span> case, the Court recognised that:<\/p>\n<p class=\"animate-charcter\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;in the process of substantiating his allegation of infidelity, the respondent husband had made an application before the Family Court for conducting a DNA test which would establish whether or not he had fathered the male child born to the appellant wife.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Further, the Court observed:<\/p>\n<p class=\"animate-charcter\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-bottom: 3%; font-style: italic;\">&#8220;But for the DNA test, it would be impossible for the respondent husband to establish and confirm the assertions made in the pleadings.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In light of both judgments, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Dipanwita Roy<\/span> case and <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Aparna Ajinkya Firodia<\/span> case, the Court stated that inferences regarding the requirement of a DNA test are to be drawn based on the facts and circumstances of each individual case.<\/p>\n<p>In furtherance of this, the Court referred to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Ivan Rathinam<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Milan Joseph<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/dK7CCJY8\" target=\"_blank\">2025 SCC OnLine SC 175<\/a>, which reiterated that an order for DNA testing must satisfy a threshold of &#8220;eminent need&#8221; and &#8216;balancing of competing interests&#8217;. It noted that the Courts must consider the existing evidence to assess the presumption of legitimacy. It also cautioned that only where the existing evidence is insufficient and the interests of justice outweigh the potential harm to privacy and dignity, the Court should consider allowing the DNA test of a child. The Court ultimately observed that:<\/p>\n<p class=\"animate-charcter\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; margin-bottom: 3%; font-style: italic;\">&#8220;There are thus, two blockades to ordering a DNA test : (i) insufficiency of evidence; and (ii) a positive finding regarding the balance of interests.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Lastly, the Court referred to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">R. Rajendran<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Kamar Nisha<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/r5C7hlXe\" target=\"_blank\">2025 SCC OnLine SC 2372<\/a>, where one of the parties relied on the <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Dipanwita Roy<\/span> case to argue for DNA testing of a child. The Supreme Court clarified that DNA testing cannot be ordered if the object of the test is to dislodge the statutory presumption of legitimacy that safeguards the child. Such a test can only be ordered if the proceedings were in the context of a petition for divorce on the grounds of adultery.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">From the perusal of the aforementioned judgments, the Court conclusively held that DNA testing can be ordered in a divorce petition when the issue relates to the adultery of the wife and sufficient pleadings of non-access are presented by the party. Importantly, such a petitioner must not seek any declaration on the illegitimacy of the child.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Applying the aforesaid principles to the facts of the case, the Court found that the husband had made specific and detailed pleadings regarding non-access during the probable period of conception. The Court noted that the pleadings were not vague or speculative and set out relevant circumstances relating to the posting of the husband in the Army, his limited visits to the matrimonial home, and the medical improbability of the pregnancy timeline asserted by the wife.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"> The Court held that where a divorce petition is founded on specific allegations of adultery supported by pleadings of non-access, directing a DNA test to ascertain the truth is legally permissible and does not violate the presumption of legitimacy under S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001516692\" target=\"_blank\">112<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726934\" target=\"_blank\">Evidence Act<\/a>. Therefore, the Court upheld the direction of the Family Court for DNA testing and dismissed the petition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">X v. Y, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/8sTNEOH3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2026 SCC OnLine MP 428<\/a>, decided on 20-01-2026<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the petitioner:<\/span> Mr Anuj Pathak<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the respondents:<\/span> Ms Sheetal Tiwari<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;In case where necessary pleadings are there and no declaration is sought regarding illegitimacy of the child and the issue only relates to adultery of the wife, then in appropriate cases, a DNA test can be ordered, if there are sufficient pleadings of non-access&#8221;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":374677,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[3650,2846,9161,8601,31368,98155,7201,13271,83340],"class_list":["post-374651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-adultery","tag-divorce","tag-dna-test","tag-family-and-personal-law","tag-family-law","tag-legitimacy-presumption","tag-madhya-pradesh-high-court","tag-matrimonial-disputes","tag-section-112-evidence-act"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>MP HC: Child&#039;s DNA test permissible to prove adultery | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"MP High Court upholds 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affection without physical relations does not constitute Adultery\u2019; MP High Court upholds interim maintenance order","author":"Ritu","date":"February 15, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The Court clarified that under Section 125(4) CrPC, maintenance can only be denied if the wife is living in adultery, which requires proof of a sexual relationship.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Madhya Pradesh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, 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&quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Granting divorce without framing issues","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Granting-divorce-without-framing-issues.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Granting-divorce-without-framing-issues.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Granting-divorce-without-framing-issues.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Granting-divorce-without-framing-issues.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 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HIMACHAL PRADESH HIGH COURT \u21aa\u00a0Shri Justice Mamidanna Satya Ratna Sri Ramachandra Rao, Judge, Punjab & Haryana\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Appointments &amp; Transfers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Appointments &amp; Transfers","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/appointments\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"new chief justices of high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/new-chief-justices-of-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/new-chief-justices-of-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/new-chief-justices-of-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/new-chief-justices-of-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":335655,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/11\/21\/husband-forcing-wife-to-quit-job-live-as-per-his-wish-and-style-amounts-to-cruelty-mp-hc-scc-times\/","url_meta":{"origin":374651,"position":3},"title":"Husband forcing wife to quit job &amp; live as per his wish and style amounts to cruelty: Madhya Pradesh High Court","author":"Ritu","date":"November 21, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The wife was appointed as Assistant Manager in LIC Housing Finance Ltd., and at time the respondent was doing nothing, this was the reason why husband compelled the appellant to leave the job and stay with him.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Madhya Pradesh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":357602,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/08\/23\/no-law-prevents-woman-from-living-with-married-man-mp-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":374651,"position":4},"title":"\u201cNo law prevents her from living with married man\u201d: Madhya Pradesh HC grants relief to adult woman who eloped with a married man","author":"Sonali Ahuja","date":"August 23, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cShe cannot be treated like Chasser. She has a mind of her own and the right to make a decision, whether right or wrong, with regard to the person with whom she wants to live.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"No law prevents living with married man","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/No-law-prevents-living-with-married-man.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/No-law-prevents-living-with-married-man.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/No-law-prevents-living-with-married-man.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/No-law-prevents-living-with-married-man.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":294401,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/06\/12\/dna-paternity-test-can-only-be-permitted-in-exceptional-circumstances-rajasthan-hcreiterates\/","url_meta":{"origin":374651,"position":5},"title":"DNA Paternity test cannot be allowed in routine manner, can only be permitted in exceptional circumstances; Rajasthan High Court reiterates","author":"Editor","date":"June 12, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Rajasthan High Court observed that the DNA Paternity Test requires to be conducted only in exceptional cases, and therefore, the child cannot be used as a weapon to get divorce on ground of adultery, on the strength of outcome of a DNA Paternity Test.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Rajasthan High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-518.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-518.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-518.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-518.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/374651","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=374651"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/374651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":375136,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/374651\/revisions\/375136"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/374677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=374651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=374651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=374651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}