{"id":365246,"date":"2025-10-30T16:00:38","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T10:30:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=365246"},"modified":"2025-10-31T17:20:20","modified_gmt":"2025-10-31T11:50:20","slug":"doctrine-of-merger-not-attracted-by-dismissed-slp-jk-hc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/10\/30\/doctrine-of-merger-not-attracted-by-dismissed-slp-jk-hc\/","title":{"rendered":"Dismissal of SLP by Supreme Court with or without reasons, will not attract the Doctrine of Merger: J&amp;K and Ladakh HC"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Disclaimer:<\/span> This has been reported after the availability of the order of the Court and not on media reports so as to give an accurate report to our readers.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Jammu &amp; Kashmir and Ladakh High Court:<\/span> In the present review petition, Union of India sought review of a judgment dated 09-05-2022 that remitted a few claims of the respondent (&#8216;Contractor&#8217;) back to the Arbitrator for fresh adjudication. A Single Judge Bench of <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Sanjeev Kumar<\/span>, J., allowed the review petition and held that the dismissal of a Special Leave Petition (&#8216;SLP&#8217;) by the Supreme Court , with or without reasons, would not attract the doctrine of merger so as to stand substituted in place of the order impugned before it; nor would it amount to a declaration of law by the Supreme Court under Article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001574872\" target=\"_blank\">141<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726967\" target=\"_blank\">Constitution<\/a> unless there was a specific declaration of law made while dismissing the SLP by a reasoned order.<\/p>\n<h3>Background:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Union of India sought review of a judgment dated 09-05-2022 on the ground that the Court had committed an error apparent on face of record, in that, while setting aside the award of the Arbitrator in respect of Claims 1, 2, 4, 8, 15 and 16 made by the Contractor, being beyond the terms and conditions of the contract, the Court had remitted the said claims for fresh adjudication yet again by the Arbitrator.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">However, the Contractor&#8217;s counsel argued that the said judgment could not be subjected to review by the Court in view of the Supreme Court&#8217;s order dated 14-07-2022 passed in SLP(C) No. 10816 of 2022 dismissing the SLP filed by the Contractor and leaving Claims 2, 3, 8, 16, 18, 19 and 20 to be re-adjudicated upon by the Arbitrator. Hesubmitted that the judgment sought to be reviewed by the Union of India had merged with the order dated 14-07-2022, and therefore, could not be reviewed. He submitted that once the Supreme Court had dismissed the SLP filed against the judgment sought to be reviewed, it was not open to the Court to review the judgment even if good grounds were made out for such review.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis and Decision:<\/h3>\n<p>The Court clarified that there are three permissible grounds on which a review petition might be entertained:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(i) <span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous;\">Discovery of new and important evidence<\/span>&#8211; The evidence must be relevant and material and should not have been available at the time of judgment despite due diligence.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(ii) <span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous;\">Mistake or error apparent on the face of record<\/span>&#8211; The error must be obvious, self- evident, and not requiring elaborate reasoning. A wrong decision on merits was not the same as an error apparent on the face of the record; and<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(iii) <span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous;\">Any other sufficient reason<\/span>&#8211; The expression &#8216;any other sufficient reason&#8217; must be read <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ejusdem generis<\/span> with the above two grounds and could not be interpreted as granting a blanket license for litigation or re-adjudication of matters.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court opined that while exercising the review jurisdiction, it must be borne in mind that review proceedings are not by way of an appeal and must strictly be confined to the scope and ambit of Order <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001523540\" target=\"_blank\">XLVII Rule 1<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726944\" target=\"_blank\">Civil Procedure Code, 1908<\/a> (&#8216;CPC&#8217;). The Court emphasised that a review petition has a limited purpose and cannot not be allowed to be an appeal in disguise.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that in the concluding Paragraph 52 of the impugned judgment, the matters regarding Claims 1, 2, 4, 8, 15 &amp; 16 were remitted to the Arbitrator for fresh adjudication. The Court observed that these matters were beyond the jurisdiction and competence of the Arbitrator as they were contrary to the specific terms and conditions of the contract, and therefore, could not have been remitted back to him. This aspect had inadvertently escaped the attention of the Court while passing the said judgment, resulting in an error apparent on the face of record.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court rejected the Contractor&#8217;s counsel plea, that the judgment sought to be reviewed had merged with the judgment of the Supreme Court passed in SLP, as being without any merit. The Court clarified that the Supreme Court had simply dismissed the SLP without even notice to the Union of India and allowed the Contractor to pursue the matter before the Arbitrator, and therefore, the judgment passed by the Court could not be said to have merged with the judgment of the Supreme Court.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court discussed <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Senthur<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">T.N. Public Service Commission<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/DvirJ7vc\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous; text-underline-color: #467886; color: #467886;\">(2022) 17 SCC 568<\/span>,<\/a> and observed that even if the order of dismissal of an SLP was supported by reasons, the doctrine of merger would not be attracted. However, the reasons stated by the Court would attract the applicability of Article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001574872\" target=\"_blank\">141<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726967\" target=\"_blank\">Constitution<\/a>, if it was tantamount to a law declared by the Supreme Court. The mere dismissal of an SLP, with or without reasons, would not attract the doctrine of merger. The Court noted that the Supreme Court had simply dismissed the SLP without even indicating reasons for such dismissal, which meant that the judgment passed by the Courtwas affirmed. The Court observed that in such a situation, the doctrine of merger would not apply, and the judgment passed by the Court would still be open to review on permissible grounds. The Court found no substance in the objection raised by the Contractor&#8217;s counsel to the maintainability of this review petition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court held that the awardso far as it pertained to Claims 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, and 16was beyond the Arbitrator&#8217;s jurisdiction as it was against the terms and conditions of the contract, and therefore, any adjudication upon it would be declared a nullity. Consequently, the Court allowed the review petition, finding merit in it. The Court was informed thatthe Arbitrator had already entered upon a fresh reference and adjudicated all the claims in terms of the judgment dated 19-05-2022;thus, the Court clarified that the award to the extent it pertained to Claims 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, and 16 would be beyond the jurisdiction and competence of the Arbitrator, and any adjudication thereon would be a nullity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Union of India v. D. Khosla &amp; Co., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/PB15VS9Y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine J&#038;K 1039<\/a>, decided on 17-10-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Review Petitioner:<\/span> Vishal Sharma DSGI with Eishan Dadeechi, CGSC.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Respondent:<\/span> Sourabh Malhotra, Advocate.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Constitution of India &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product\/the-constitution-of-india-coat-pocket-edition?products_id=100647\" target=\"_blank\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product\/the-constitution-of-india-coat-pocket-edition?products_id=100647\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/ebcwebstore\/images\/the-constitution-of-india-coat-pocket-edition-Gopal-Sankaranarayanan-ebc-front-cover.JPG\" alt=\"Constitution of India\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294438\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;While exercising the review jurisdiction, it must be borne in mind that review proceedings are not by way of an appeal and must strictly be confined to the scope of Order XLVII Rule 1 of the Civil Procedure Code, 1908&#8221;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":365252,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[91681,43372,91683,55664,72262,91682,38120,90301],"class_list":["post-365246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-article-141-constitution","tag-doctrine-of-merger","tag-error-apparent-on-the-face-of-record","tag-jammu-kashmir-and-ladakh-high-court","tag-justice-sanjeev-kumar","tag-order-xlvii-rule-1-cpc","tag-review-jurisdiction","tag-slp-dismissal"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Doctrine of merger not attracted by dismissed SLP: J&amp;K HC | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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of SLP by reasoned order would not attract doctrine of merger but will be binding on all courts\/tribunals in India","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"October 4, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: Explaining the doctrine of merger in case of dismissal of Special Leave Petitions (SLPs), the bench of L. Nageswara Rao and BR Gavai*, JJ has held that doctrine of merger would not attract and that it doesn\u2019t matter if the SLP has been dismissed by a non-speaking order\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":221627,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/10\/31\/ph-hc-high-court-can-exercise-review-jurisdiction-during-the-pendency-of-slp-and-also-after-its-dismissal-by-a-speaking-or-non-speaking-order\/","url_meta":{"origin":365246,"position":1},"title":"P&#038;H HC | High Court can exercise review jurisdiction during the pendency of SLP and also after its dismissal (by a speaking or non-speaking order)","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"October 31, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Punjab and Haryana High Court: A Division Bench of Daya Chaudhary and Sudhir Mittal, JJ. dismissed the review application filed by a person against the order passed by the State of Punjab regarding the inter se merit of sportspersons. An order was issued by the State of Punjab giving directions\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":110591,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/03\/14\/dismissal-and-withdrawal-of-slp-cant-be-treated-at-par-for-the-purpose-of-filing-review-petition-in-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":365246,"position":2},"title":"Dismissal and withdrawal of SLP can\u2019t be treated at par for the purpose of filing review petition in HC","author":"Saba","date":"March 14, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court:\u00a0An order passed by the Delhi High Court disposed off the preliminary objection to the maintainability of the review petition, on the ground that the Special Leave Petition (SLP) preferred against the order of which review is sought had been dismissed. A review was sought of the judgment\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":236778,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/10\/05\/is-slp-challenging-dismissal-of-review-petition-by-hc-maintainable-when-main-judgment-is-not-under-challenge-sc-answers\/","url_meta":{"origin":365246,"position":3},"title":"Is SLP against an order rejecting the review petition maintainable when main judgment is not under challenge? SC answers","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"October 5, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The 3-judge bench Ashok Bhushan, R. Subhash Reddy and MR Shah has reiterated that when the main judgment of the High Court has not been challenged, no relief can be granted by this Court in the special leave petition filed against order rejecting review application to review the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":253251,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/08\/26\/jk-and-ladakh-hc-can-shayara-banos-judgment-be-invoked-retrospectively-to-declare-triple-talaq-pronounced-before-sharaya-banos-case-null-and-void-hc-answers\/","url_meta":{"origin":365246,"position":4},"title":"J&#038;K and Ladakh HC | Can Shayara Bano\u2019s judgment be invoked retrospectively to declare triple talaq pronounced before Sharaya Bano\u2019s case null and void? HC answers","author":"Editor","date":"August 26, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court: Sanjeev Kumar, J., held that the judgment of Shayara Bano v. Union of India,(2017) 9 SCC 1has retrospective application and can be invoked to declare triple talaq pronounced before Shayara Bano\u2019s judgment null and void. The instant petition was filed under Section 482\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":287513,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/03\/22\/sessions-court-children-court-not-vested-with-revisionary-power-juvenile-justice-act-jammu-and-kashmir-ladakh-high-court-legal-news-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":365246,"position":5},"title":"Sessions Court or Children&#8217;s Court has not been vested with revisionary power under Juvenile Justice Act: J&amp;K and Ladakh High Court","author":"Sucheta","date":"March 22, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh High Court stated that revisionary power under Juvenile Justice Act vests only with the High Court","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-742.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-742.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-742.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-742.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=365246"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365246\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/365252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=365246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=365246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=365246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}