{"id":363977,"date":"2025-10-16T10:30:16","date_gmt":"2025-10-16T05:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=363977"},"modified":"2025-10-24T09:55:32","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T04:25:32","slug":"rajasthan-high-court-habeas-corpus-cannot-be-used-to-monitor-mpr-investigation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/10\/16\/rajasthan-high-court-habeas-corpus-cannot-be-used-to-monitor-mpr-investigation\/","title":{"rendered":"Habeas Corpus petition cannot be invoked as a routine to seek supervision of Missing Person Report Investigation: Rajasthan High Court"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n.animate-charcter{background-image: linear-gradient(-225deg, #231557 0%, #44107a 29%, #ff1361 67%, #fff800 100%); background-size: 200% auto; -webkit-background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; animation: textclip 0s linear infinite;}\n@keyframes textclip {to {background-position: 200% center;}}\n<\/style>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Rajasthan High Court:<\/span> In a Habeas Corpus petition filed by the petitioner seeking directions to produce her brother, a missing CRPF Constable, a Division Bench of <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Avneesh Jhingan*<\/span> and Baljinder Singh Sandhu, JJ., dismissed the petition. The Court held that a petition in the nature of Habeas Corpus does not lie where there is no illegal detention, and the sole purpose is to seek supervision of the investigation of a Missing Person Report (&#8216;MPR&#8217;). The Court clarified that the unlawful detention is the sine qua non for issuance of the writ, and the grievance against the manner of investigation is a matter for the concerned Magistrate under the provisions of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973<\/a> (&#8216;CrPC&#8217;).<\/p>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The petitioner&#8217;s brother (&#8216;corpus&#8217;) is a Constable in the CRPF, who proceeded on leave to his native place on 02-03-2025. He subsequently got his medical leave extended, and on 09-04-2025, he left his native place for joining his duties but failed to report. A MPR was submitted by the petitioner on 11-04-2025 but no effective steps were being taken on the MPR. Aggrieved, the petitioner filed present Habeas Corpus petition seeking directions to produce the corpus.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis and Decision<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that a status report was filed by the Government Advocate-cum-Additional Advocate General on 23-09-2025, which stated that the CRPF Authorities had declared the corpus an absconder and issued arrest warrants and was wanted by the CRPF authorities and had been located moving around freely various places. From the status report, pleadings in the petition, and submissions made, the Court observed that it was forthcoming that there is no illegal detention of the corpus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that the issue was whether a petition in the nature of Habeas Corpus lies where there is no illegal detention, and the sole purpose is to seek supervision of the investigation of an MPR. The Court also noted that the unlawful detention is the sine qua non for issuance of writ of habeas corpus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that in <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Kanu Sanyal v. Distt. Magistrate<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/xBgBV7T3\" target=\"_blank\">(1973) 2 SCC 674<\/a>, the Supreme Court had held that the writ can be issued where there is a prima facie case of illegal detention, whether by the State or by a private party. The core purpose is the immediate determination of the right to the applicant&#8217;s freedom.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Further, in <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State v. H. Nilofer Nisha<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/f80sfgY0\" target=\"_blank\">(2020) 14 SCC 161<\/a>, it was reiterated that the writ of habeas corpus is a processual writ available for enforcement of a fundamental right under Part III of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726967\" target=\"_blank\">Constitution<\/a>, but it will not lie where the detention or imprisonment is in accordance with the decision rendered by a court of law or an authority acting in accordance with law.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court also noted that in <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Union of India v. Yumnam Anand M.<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7FqBs2E2\" target=\"_blank\">(2007) 10 SCC 190<\/a>, it was held that the applicant must show a prima facie case of his unlawful detention, as the writ is a device to examine the question of illegal detention with the utmost promptitude.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court observed that in the case at hand, there was neither a pleading nor an allegation of illegal detention. The present case was one where the grievance was against the manner of investigation of the MPR.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that the Supreme Court in <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Sakiri Vasu v. State of U.P.<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/N3ktqRcR\" target=\"_blank\">(2008) 2 SCC 409<\/a>, had held that the power to supervise the investigation lies with the Magistrate. The proper recourse for an aggrieved person is to approach the Superintendent of Police under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519389\" target=\"_blank\">154(3)<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">CrPC<\/a> and if that does not yield a satisfactory result, to file an application under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519391\" target=\"_blank\">156(3)<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">CrPC<\/a> before the Magistrate concerned.<\/p>\n<p>The Court observed that,<\/p>\n<p class=\"animate-charcter\" style=\"margin-bottom: 3%; margin-left: 36pt; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">&#8220;The writ of Habeas Corpus is to secure release of person illegally detained either by State or a private individual. A prima facie case of illegal detention has to be made out for invoking the writ of Habeas Corpus. The scope of Habeas Corpus has been enlarged with time, but there cannot be a straitjacket formula for interference in writ in the nature of Habeas Corpus. It is a trite law that in ordinary course the high court should not interfere in writ jurisdiction, if there is an alternative remedy available. The writ jurisdiction in the case of a missing person cannot be invoked as a matter of routine to know the status of the investigation or on being dissatisfied with the manner of investigation. Criminal procedure law provided remedies for supervision of investigation and if required, for issuance of directions for effective investigation and such matters are to be dealt with by the competent court of law.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Since no case was made out for invoking the writ jurisdiction, the Court dismissed the petition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Babita v. State of Rajasthan, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/14XwU977\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Raj 5227<\/a>, decided on 24-09-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For Petitioner(s):<\/span> Arun Sharma, Advocate<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For Respondent(s):<\/span> Rajesh Choudhary, GA-cum-AAG and Manvendra Singh Shekhawat, Dy. GA<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1031\" target=\"_blank\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1031\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Code of Criminal Procedure\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;The unlawful detention is the sine qua non for issuance of writ of habeas corpus.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":363981,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[12141,90946,35293,2886,90945,57232,2575,21224,30639,7272],"class_list":["post-363977","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-article-226","tag-crpf-absconder","tag-habeas-corpus-petition","tag-Illegal_Detention","tag-investigation-monitoring","tag-missing-person-report","tag-Rajasthan_High_Court","tag-section-1563-crpc","tag-sine-qua-non","tag-writ-jurisdiction"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Raj HC holds Habeas Corpus cannot be used to monitor Missing Person investigation | SCC 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persons cases can\u2019t be brought under Habeas Corpus, unless illegal detention is established: MP High Court","author":"Ritu","date":"February 6, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cCases of missing persons are to be registered under the regular provisions of the Penal Code and the Police officials concerned are bound to investigate the same in the manner prescribed under the Code of Criminal Procedure.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Madhya Pradesh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, 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Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Rajasthan High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":359423,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/09\/09\/karnataka-high-court-fines-72-year-old-woman-for-frivolous-habeas-corpus\/","url_meta":{"origin":363977,"position":2},"title":"Karnataka High Court fines 72-year-old woman \u20b92 lakh for frivolous habeas corpus petition","author":"Editor","date":"September 9, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe filing of this kind of litigation should not be encouraged by this court and the same should be deprecated.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"72-year-old woman fined for frivolous case","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/72-year-old-woman-fined-for-frivolous-case.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/72-year-old-woman-fined-for-frivolous-case.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/72-year-old-woman-fined-for-frivolous-case.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, 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The facts of the case are such that the petitioner\u2019s daughter's marriage was solemnized with respondent 7 in the year 2011 because\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6381,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2014\/07\/02\/directions-issued-to-state-government-for-expeditious-and-effective-investigation-of-missing-persons\/","url_meta":{"origin":363977,"position":4},"title":"Directions issued to State Government for expeditious and effective investigation of missing persons","author":"Sucheta","date":"July 2, 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Rajasthan High Court: Disposing of a writ petition, a division bench comprising of A.K. Jain and Govind Mathur, JJ provided directions to the State of Rajasthan for expeditious and effective investigation of missing persons\/ persons under illegal detention, and to produce a progress report for the compliance of the same.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;High Courts&quot;","block_context":{"text":"High Courts","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/highcourts\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":255206,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/10\/06\/illegal-detention-or-kidnapping-is-a-pre-requisite-for-invoking-writ-of-habeas-corpus\/","url_meta":{"origin":363977,"position":5},"title":"Gau HC | \u201cIllegal detention or kidnapping is a pre-requisite for invoking writ of habeas corpus\u201d; HC holds habeas corpus doesn\u2019t apply on missing cases","author":"Editor","date":"October 6, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Gauhati High Court: Kalyan Rai Surana, J., held that the writ of habeas corpus cannot be invoked unless there is an allegation of illegal detention. 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