{"id":363532,"date":"2025-10-13T09:00:18","date_gmt":"2025-10-13T03:30:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=363532"},"modified":"2025-10-15T09:53:10","modified_gmt":"2025-10-15T04:23:10","slug":"20-percent-compensation-deposit-u-s-148-ni-act-not-absolute-rule-guj-hc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/10\/13\/20-percent-compensation-deposit-u-s-148-ni-act-not-absolute-rule-guj-hc\/","title":{"rendered":"20% compensation deposit under S. 148 of NI Act is not mandatory, Appellate Courts have discretion: Gujarat HC"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Gujarat High Court:<\/span> In a criminal revision application challenging the order dated 17-8-2024 (&#8216;impugned order&#8217;) wherein the Appellate Court, in exercise of its power under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002899817\" target=\"_blank\">148<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726957\" target=\"_blank\">Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881<\/a> (&#8216;the Act&#8217;), had directed the appellant to deposit 20 percent of the compensation payable by it, the Single Judge Bench of R.T. Vachhani, J, upheld the impugned order and held that the Appellate Court had the jurisdiction to exercise discretion under Section 148 of the Act in imposing the condition of deposit of 20 percent of compensation amount.<\/p>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The petitioner, aggrieved by the order dated 17-8-2024, had sought to keep the execution of the sentence in abeyance and had simultaneously moved an application under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519676\" target=\"_blank\">389 (3)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973<\/a> (&#8216;CrPC&#8217;). The Appellate Court directed the petitioner to deposit 20 percent of the compensation amount under Section 148 of the Act. Hence, the instant revision application had been filed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The issue for consideration before the Court was whether the imposition of condition by the appellate Court to deposit 20 percent of the compensation amount awarded by the trial Court was sustainable or not?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The petitioner had averred that once the order for suspension of sentence had been passed, the first appellate Court was not justified in ordering a deposit of 20 percent of the compensation amount.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis, Law and Decision<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court relied on two Supreme Court decisions wherein the imposition of deposit amount under Section 148 of the Act had been in contention. In the case of <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Jamboo Bhandari<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">M.P. SIDC Ltd.<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/6i0k7QEU\" target=\"_blank\">(2023) 10 SCC 446<\/a>, the Supreme Court had held that while the appellate Courts would ordinarily be permitted to direct the appellant to deposit 20 percent of the amount awarded, there could be exceptional circumstances. Such circumstance would apply only when they would unfairly hinder or effectively block the appellant&#8217;s right to appeal. The Supreme Court had further stated that such exceptions must be backed by properly recorded reasons.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court further noted that in the second case of <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Muskan Enterprises<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Punjab<\/span>, 2024 INSC 1046, the Supreme Court had laid to rest the controversy on the usage of &#8216;may&#8217; and &#8216;shall&#8217; under Section 148 of the Act. According to the Supreme Court, the usage of the word &#8216;may&#8217; grants the appellate Court the discretion to decide whether to order the deposit or not. But as soon as the appellate Court exercises its discretion, the mandate of &#8216;shall&#8217; kicks in, i.e., the Court must necessarily direct deposit of at least 20 percent of the amount awarded.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court further opined that the purpose of Section 148 of the Act is to offer some interim relief to complainants in cheque dishonour cases while the appeal is pending. Furthermore, the Courts are required to exercise discretion while being mindful of the specific facts of each case.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Thus, the Court held that the first Appellate Court was well within its jurisdiction to direct the appellants to deposit 20 percent of the compensation amount and accordingly dismissed the revision petition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Mahadev Enterprise v. State of Gujarat, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/B5g0H605\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Guj 4371<\/a>, decided on 22-9-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Appellant:<\/span> Vicky B. Mehta, Advocate<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Respondent:<\/span> H.K. Patel, APP, Nrup H. Panchal, Parichay N. Ashar, Advocates<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1031\" target=\"_blank\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1031\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Code of Criminal Procedure\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/code-of-criminal-procedure-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;The purpose behind directing to deposit as enumerated under Section 148 of the NI Act in appeal is at least to recover plausible compensation amount to provide some relief so as to save his business.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":363563,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[90757,2728,68909,90758,3096,85822,50074],"class_list":["post-363532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-20-per-cent-deposit-amount","tag-compensation","tag-deposit-amount","tag-deposit-compensation","tag-Gujarat_High_Court","tag-justice-r-t-vachhani","tag-negotiable-instruments-act-1881"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>20% deposit under S. 148 NI Act not mandatory: Guj HC | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gujarat High Court held that the requirement of deposit of 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HC | Is there any provision of Negotiable Instruments Act that refers to any pre-condition for availing a valuable right of first appeal? HC elaborates","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 30, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Punjab and Haryana High Court:\u00a0Gurvinder Singh Gill, J., observed that, Right to appeal against conviction is an invaluable statutory right vested upon a convict by Criminal Procedure Code which cannot be allowed to be defeated by imposing any condition for availing such right. \"..depriving a convict of his right to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":319088,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/04\/01\/factors-laid-by-sc-for-discretion-on-payment-of-interim-compensation-u-143-a-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":363532,"position":1},"title":"S. 143-A NI Act| Factors laid down by SC for exercising discretion in payment of interim compensation in cheque dishonour cases","author":"Editor","date":"April 1, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cIf the word \u2018may\u2019 is read as \u2018shall\u2019, it will have drastic consequences, as in every complaint under Section 138, the accused will have to pay interim compensation up to 20 per cent of the cheque amount and such an interpretation will be unjust and contrary to the well-settled concept\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Payment of interim compensation discretionary","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Payment-of-interim-compensation-discretionary.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Payment-of-interim-compensation-discretionary.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Payment-of-interim-compensation-discretionary.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Payment-of-interim-compensation-discretionary.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":216431,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/07\/03\/p-payment-of-25-of-award-amount-upheld\/","url_meta":{"origin":363532,"position":2},"title":"P&#038;H HC | S. 148 of NI Act, 1881 being procedural in nature has retrospective effect; payment of 25% of award amount upheld","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"July 3, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Punjab and Haryana High Court: Rajbir Sehrawat, J. upheld the decision of the lower court on the set principle of law which was already decided by the court. A petition was filed to quash the order passed by Additional Session Judge, Faridabad in an appeal against the conviction and sentence\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":370486,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/12\/20\/sc-appellate-deposit-under-section-148-ni-act-scc-times\/","url_meta":{"origin":363532,"position":3},"title":"Appellate Deposit under Section 148 NI Act: Whether can be directed against Convicted Director or Confined to Juristic Drawer? Supreme Court Larger Bench to Decide","author":"Ritu","date":"December 20, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Section 148 NI Act was introduced to remedy the systemic abuse of appellate processes, whereby convicted drawers routinely secured suspension of sentence and delayed payment of compensation for years, thereby frustrating the object of Section 138 of NI Act.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Appellate Deposit","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Appellate-Deposit.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Appellate-Deposit.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Appellate-Deposit.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Appellate-Deposit.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":258949,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/12\/23\/magistrate-required-to-exercise-judicious-discretion-before-ordering-interim-compensation\/","url_meta":{"origin":363532,"position":4},"title":"Magistrate required to exercise judicious discretion before ordering interim compensation, S. 143-A NI Act not mandatory: Kar HC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 23, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Karnataka High Court: Rajendra Badamikar, J.,\u00a0reversed an order of the Magistrate which had directed the petitioner accused to deposit 20% of the cheque amount before the court. The High Court said that Section 143-A of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 is not a mandatory provision. Factual Matrix The respondent herein\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":214948,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/05\/23\/bom-hc-advisable-that-appellate-court-imposes-condition-of-depositing-compensation-amount-on-appellant-when-suspending-the-sentence-awarded-under-s-138-ni-act\/","url_meta":{"origin":363532,"position":5},"title":"Bom HC | Advisable that Appellate Court imposes condition of depositing compensation amount on appellant when suspending sentence awarded under S. 138 NI Act","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"May 23, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court:\u00a0K.K. Sonawane, J. dismissed a criminal application filed under Section 432 CrPC seeking relief of quashing the order passed by Additional Sessions Judge directing the applicant to deposit Rs 2 lakhs towards part of the compensation awarded by Magistrate (First Class) while convicting him for an offence punishable\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/363532","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=363532"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/363532\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/363563"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=363532"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=363532"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=363532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}