{"id":361190,"date":"2025-09-22T15:30:01","date_gmt":"2025-09-22T10:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=361190"},"modified":"2025-09-22T18:25:50","modified_gmt":"2025-09-22T12:55:50","slug":"navigating-sebis-2025-esg-circular-an-independent-directors-lens-on-sustainability-transparency-and-regulatory-coherence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/09\/22\/navigating-sebis-2025-esg-circular-an-independent-directors-lens-on-sustainability-transparency-and-regulatory-coherence\/","title":{"rendered":"Navigating SEBI&#8217;s 2025 ESG Circular: An Independent Director&#8217;s Lens on Sustainability, Transparency, and Regulatory Coherence"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On 29-4-2025\/30-4-2025, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) released an important circular revising norms for ESG rating providers (ERPs) in India.<a id=\"fnref1\" href=\"#fn1\" title=\"1. SEBI, Clarificatory and Procedural Changes to Aid and Strengthen ESG Rating Providers (ERPs), SEBI\/HO\/DDHS\/DDHS-PoD-2\/P\/CIR\/2025\/59 (Issued on 29-4-2025).\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a> This Circular, which impacts both subscriber-pays and issuer-pays models, aims to refine the ESG rating ecosystem, mitigate undue constraints on issuers, and enhance investor transparency.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">As a qualified independent director and ESG practitioner, this development raises critical considerations around corporate accountability, regulatory compliance, and global harmonisation of ESG disclosures.<\/p>\n<p style=\"\">This article seeks to:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">i<\/span>) Dissect the Circular&#8217;s provisions through the lens of boardroom governance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ii<\/span>) Compare India&#8217;s updated stance with global ESG regulations.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">iii<\/span>) Offer insights and actionable guidance for directors and ERP stakeholders.<\/p>\n<h2>SEBI&#8217;s 2025 Circular and outcomes<\/h2>\n<p>The details and the possible outcomes from a corporate governance perspective are summarised in the table below.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Table: Key provisions of SEBI&#8217;s 2025 Circular<\/span> &#8212; Summary and analysis<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-collapse: collapse; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; table-layout: auto; width: 165.29mm;\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"150\"\/>\n<col width=\"221\"\/>\n<col width=\"253\"\/><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 39.78mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; text-align: center; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt; font-style: italic;\">Category<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 58.55mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; text-align: center; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt; font-style: italic;\">Provision<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 66.96mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; text-align: center; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt; font-style: italic;\">Implication for Boards and ESG Practitioners<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 39.78mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Rating withdrawal<\/span> &#8212; subscriber-pays<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 58.55mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Permissible if there are no active subscribers or issuer fails to file BRSR.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 66.96mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Directors must ensure continued engagement with ESG stakeholders and timely BRSR compliance.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 39.78mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Exception<\/span> &#8212; Indices<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 58.55mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Ratings tied to indices (e.g. Nifty 50) cannot be withdrawn if indices have subscribers.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 66.96mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Companies in major indices must be mindful of perpetual rating visibility.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 39.78mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Rating withdrawal<\/span> &#8212; issuer-pays<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 58.55mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">For debt: Allowed after 3 years or 50% of tenure (whichever is longer), plus 75% bondholder NOC.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 66.96mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Boards issuing debt instruments must track timelines and coordinate bondholder communications early.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 58.55mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">For entities: Ratings may be withdrawn after 3 years of continuous coverage (no bondholder NOC needed).<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 66.96mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Highlights the importance of sustained ERP engagement beyond short-term reputational targets.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 39.78mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Disclosure requirements<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 58.55mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Subscriber-pays ERPs must publicly list ESG score details but limit detailed rationale to subscribers.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 66.96mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Transparency for investors is enhanced, while proprietary data remains protected.<\/p>\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Directors must adapt disclosures accordingly.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 39.78mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Display on stock exchanges<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 58.55mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">ESG ratings to be visible on company and security pages.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 66.96mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Boards need to ensure accuracy and consistency between internal ESG metrics and what is displayed publicly.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 39.78mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Internal audit and governance for ERPs<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 58.55mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Category II ERPs get 2-year grace period; auditor eligibility expanded.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"middle\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: middle; width: 66.96mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Signals future standardisation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Directors should anticipate this when selecting ERP partners.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Data quality, assurance bottlenecks, and ERP capacity<\/h2>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(A) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Data quality challenges<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">i<\/span>) Survey evidence: According to a 2024 KPMG India ESG survey, over 68% of Indian listed companies cited lack of standardised data collection processes as the top barrier to reliable ESG reporting.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ii<\/span>) SEBI observations: SEBI&#8217;s 2025 Circular itself notes that &#8220;inconsistent and incomplete data submissions have led to rating volatility and investor confusion&#8221;.<a id=\"fnref2\" href=\"#fn2\" title=\"2. SEBI, Clarificatory and Procedural Changes to Aid and Strengthen ESG Rating Providers (ERPs), SEBI\/HO\/DDHS\/DDHS-PoD-2\/P\/CIR\/2025\/59 (Issued on 29-4-2025).\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">iii<\/span>) Global comparison: A 2023 Refinitiv study found that ESG data scores for the same company can vary by up to 30% across different ERPs due to divergent methodologies and data gaps.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(B) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Assurance bottlenecks<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">i<\/span>) Limited assurance providers: India has fewer than 25 SEBI-<\/span>&#8212;registered assurance providers qualified for ESG\/BRSR assurance as of June 2025, while over 1800 listed companies are required to comply.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ii<\/span>) Capacity strain: This results in potential bottlenecks, with some providers handling up to 80 clients each, raising concerns about depth and quality of assurance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">iii<\/span>) Global benchmark: By comparison, the EU&#8217;s CSRD mandates third-party assurance for over 50,000 companies but has a much larger pool of accredited providers and phased implementation to mitigate bottlenecks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(C) ERP capacity and methodology divergence<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 6.35mm; font-size: 12.5pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">i<\/span>) SEBI-registered ERPs: As of June 2025, there are seven SEBI<\/span>-registered ERPs in India, with the top three controlling over 75% of the market share.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ii<\/span>) Methodology disclosure: SEBI&#8217;s 2025 Amendments require ERPs to publicly disclose methodologies, but a 2025 CFA Institute review found that only 60% of Indian ERPs had published full methodology documents by May 2025.<\/p>\n<h2>Conflicts of interest and assurance provider independence<\/h2>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(A) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Potential conflicts of interest<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">i<\/span>) Issuer-pays model risks: In the issuer-pays model, companies pay ERPs for ratings, potentially incentivising favourable scores. A 2024 OECD Report flagged this as a &#8220;systemic risk&#8221; in emerging markets, including India.<a id=\"fnref3\" href=\"#fn3\" title=\"3. OECD, Global Corporate Sustainability Report 2024 (OECD Publishing, Paris, 2024) &lt;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/8416b635-en&gt;.\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ii<\/span>) SEBI&#8217;s safeguards: The April 2025 Circular mandates &#8220;firewalls&#8221; between commercial and rating teams, but enforcement effectiveness is yet to be tested.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(B) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Assurance provider independence<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">i<\/span>) Recent SEBI Amendments: SEBI now requires assurance providers to disclose any financial or business relationships with the company being assured in the past two years (SEBI Circular, April 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ii<\/span>) Practical limitations: According to a 2025 Grant Thornton survey, 22% of assurance engagements in India had to be declined or reassigned in the last year due to independence\/conflict issues.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">iii<\/span>) Global precedent: The EU&#8217;s CSRD requires full independence and rotation of assurance providers every six years to reduce familiarity risk &#8212; India has not yet adopted such rotation norms.<\/p>\n<h2>Strategic considerations for independent directors<\/h2>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">a<\/span>) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Risk governance and ESG ratings<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">ESG ratings increasingly impact capital flow and stakeholder trust. Directors must include ESG ratings in enterprise risk management (ERM) in boardroom debates. The withdrawal of ratings either voluntary or regulatory can signal reputational risk. It is essential that such actions are communicated with clear context to avoid misinterpretation by stakeholders.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">b<\/span>) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Strengthening BRSR frameworks<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The linkage between BRSR filing and the validity of ESG ratings underscores the importance of Board level ESG Committees. Directors should actively oversee the annual BRSR process and ensure robust sustainability data governance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">c<\/span>) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Engagement with ERPs<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Directors should build structured engagement protocols with ERPs. Clear documentation, audit trails, and ongoing dialogue are critical, particularly as ERPs face evolving audit and disclosure standards themselves.<\/p>\n<p style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, rgb(236, 198, 198));\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">d<\/span>) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Investor communication<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Public display of ESG scores on stock exchanges necessitates synchronised messaging across annual reports, integrated reports, investor presentations, and website disclosures.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Table: Comparative global landscape: ESG ratings<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-collapse: collapse; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; table-layout: auto; width: 165.29mm;\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"83\"\/>\n<col width=\"166\"\/>\n<col width=\"125\"\/>\n<col width=\"114\"\/>\n<col width=\"135\"\/><\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: top; width: 22.07mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; text-align: center; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Jurisdiction<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: top; width: 44.03mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; text-align: center; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">ESG rating regulation<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: top; width: 33.16mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; text-align: center; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Disclosure framework<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: top; width: 30.29mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; text-align: center; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Assurance requirements<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 0.0mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: top; width: 35.74mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; text-align: center; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Notable features<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 22.07mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">India<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 44.03mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">SEBI Circular 2025<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33.16mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">BRSR Core<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 30.29mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Phased third-party assurance<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 35.74mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Value chain disclosures, ERP regulation<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 22.07mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">EU<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 44.03mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Proposed EC regime<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33.16mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">CSRD<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 30.29mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Mandatory external assurance<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 35.74mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Double materiality, taxonomy alignment<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 22.07mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">UK<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 44.03mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858;\">Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)\/<span style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\"> International Regulatory Strategy Group<\/span> (IRSG) proposals<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33.16mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10.5pt; background-color: #ffffff;\">Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosure<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.5pt;\"> (TCFD)<\/span> &#8212; aligned<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 30.29mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Voluntary Code of Conduct<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 35.74mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Focus on transparency, voluntary code<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 22.07mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Japan<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 44.03mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Local Financial Services Agency (FSA) guidance<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33.16mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Varies<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 30.29mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Evolving<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 35.74mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Early-stage regulation, global alignment<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 22.07mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">US<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 44.03mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) proposals<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 33.16mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Climate-related<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 30.29mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Under discussion<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" colspan=\"1\" style=\"border-bottom-width: 0.5pt; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: #000000; border-left-width: 0.5pt; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: #000000; border-right-width: 0.5pt; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: #000000; border-top-width: 0.5pt; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #000000; padding-bottom: 0.0mm; padding-left: 0.0mm; padding-right: 3.53mm; padding-top: 0.0mm; vertical-align: bottom; width: 35.74mm;\">\n<p class=\"table_text\" style=\"line-height: 1.100000023841858; Open Sans&quot;; font-size: 12.5pt;\">Focus on climate risk, legal challenges<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Implications for mid cap and small cap companies<\/h2>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12.5pt; font-style: italic;\">Challenges<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">a<\/span>) Resource constraints: Limited budgets for ESG data collection and assurance versus large caps.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">b<\/span>) Supply chain pressure: Scope 3 reporting Singapore Exchange (SGX FY 2026) may trickle down from large clients.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">c<\/span>) Regulatory ambiguity: SEBI&#8217;s Circular lacks explicit guidance for smaller entities.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12.5pt; font-style: italic;\">Opportunities<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">a<\/span>) Tech enablement: Use AI-driven ESG platforms for cost-effective compliance (e.g. Zevero&#8217;s emissions tools).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">b<\/span>) Investor appeal: Proactive ESG adoption attracts ESG-<\/span>&#8212;-focused funds targeting emerging markets.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">c<\/span>) Collaborative models: Pool resources via industry consortia for shared ERP due diligence.<\/p>\n<h2>Recommendations for boardrooms and practitioners<\/h2>\n<p>I would like to suggest the following for consideration:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">(a)<\/span> <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Institutionalise ESG oversight<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Establish a dedicated ESG Committee at the Board level with clear mandates tied to rating outcomes, regulatory developments, and investor feedback.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">b<\/span>) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Scenario planning for rating withdrawal<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Prepare proactive communication strategies for situations where ESG ratings may be withdrawn. Avoid reputational surprises.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">c<\/span>) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">BRSR as a living document<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Encourage cross-functional ownership of BRSR metrics. It must encompass from HR to operations thereby ensuring it&#8217;s not a once-a-year compliance document.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">d<\/span>) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ERP due diligence framework<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">Before onboarding or renewing ERP partnerships, assess compliance readiness, methodology transparency, and track record of public disclosures.<\/p>\n<h2>Personal reflections<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Having worked across various Boards and ESG initiatives, it is encouraging to see SEBI embracing a more nuanced, proportionate regulatory approach. While some argue that rating withdrawals may reduce market transparency, the structured safeguards (e.g. index exceptions, bondholder NOCs) uphold systemic integrity. Yet, the real challenge lies in ensuring that boardrooms move beyond passive compliance to strategic ESG integration.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Looking ahead, India&#8217;s ESG architecture could align more closely with global frameworks such as ISSB (International Sustainability Standards Board) and SASB (Sustainability Accounting Standards Board).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">SEBI&#8217;s incremental adoption of BRSR core suggests a modular approach to convergence, starting with sector-specific metrics and moving toward double materiality. By 2026, we may see mandatory climate-related disclosures harmonised with TCFD guidelines, and potential interoperability with the EU&#8217;s ESAP (European single access point) for cross-border data traceability.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">For boardrooms, this signals a shift from ESG as &#8220;reporting exercise&#8221; to &#8220;strategic foresight&#8221;. I believe it is a tool to attract capital, reduce volatility, and elevate governance standards globally.<\/p>\n<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">SEBI&#8217;s April 2025 ESG Circular represents a pivotal moment in India&#8217;s sustainability journey. It gives Boards, ERPs, and investors the tools to build a more flexible, accountable ecosystem. For independent directors and ESG professionals, this is an invitation to lead and not just comply.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Independent Director and ESG Advocate. Author can be reached at: <a href=\"mailto:gladstonesamuel@yahoo.com\" target=\"_blank\">gladstonesamuel@yahoo.com<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn1\" href=\"#fnref1\">1.<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/tGowC7QQ\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">SEBI, <span style=\"font-size: 10.5pt;\">Clarificatory and Procedural Changes to Aid and Strengthen ESG Rating Providers (ERPs), SEBI\/HO\/DDHS\/DDHS-PoD-2\/P\/CIR\/2025\/59 (Issued on 29-4-2025).<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn2\" href=\"#fnref2\">2.<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/tGowC7QQ\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"Hyperlink\">SEBI, <span style=\"font-size: 10.5pt;\">Clarificatory and Procedural Changes to Aid and Strengthen ESG Rating Providers (ERPs)<\/span>, SEBI\/HO\/DDHS\/DDHS-PoD-2\/P\/CIR\/2025\/59<span style=\"font-size: 10.5pt;\"> (Issued on 29-4-2025).<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn3\" href=\"#fnref3\">3.<\/a> OECD, Global Corporate Sustainability Report 2024 (OECD Publishing, Paris, 2024) &lt;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/8416b635-en&gt;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Gladstone Leslie Samuel*<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":361192,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42503,1191],"tags":[89617,75128,89620,89613,89616,89618,89615,89619,75131,89614],"class_list":["post-361190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-legal-analysis","category-op-ed","tag-brsrcompliance","tag-corporategovernance","tag-esgdisclosure","tag-esgindia","tag-esgratings","tag-esgtransparency","tag-independentdirector","tag-responsiblebusiness","tag-sebiupdates","tag-sustainableinvesting"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Navigating SEBI&#039;s 2025 ESG Circular: An Independent Director&#039;s Lens on Sustainability, Transparency, and Regulatory 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