{"id":361128,"date":"2025-09-22T11:00:36","date_gmt":"2025-09-22T05:30:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=361128"},"modified":"2025-09-26T16:21:04","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T10:51:04","slug":"sdm-initiate-preventive-proceedings-in-private-disputes-hp-hc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/09\/22\/sdm-initiate-preventive-proceedings-in-private-disputes-hp-hc\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018SDM couldn&#8217;t have initiated preventive proceedings in private dispute\u2019; Himachal Pradesh HC quashes summoning notice under S. 111 CrPC"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Himachal Pradesh High Court:<\/span> In the present petition, the petitioner challenged the order of the Sub-Divisional Magistrate (&#8216;SDM&#8217;), Una, who had summoned him under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519340\" target=\"_blank\">111<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">Criminal Procedure Code, 1973<\/a> (&#8216;CrPC&#8217;) in a private dispute, after believing that there was a possibility of breach of peace. A Single Judge Bench of <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Rakesh Kainthla<\/span>, J., quashed the order passed by the SDM, observing that it failed to meet the requirements of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519340\" target=\"_blank\">111<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">CrPC<\/a> and that the SDM could not have initiated the preventive proceedings in a private dispute.<\/p>\n<h3>Background:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The police filed a complaint under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803824\" target=\"_blank\">126<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803871\" target=\"_blank\">169<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804327\" target=\"_blank\">Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023<\/a> (&#8216;BNSS&#8217;) against two accused who had allegedly attacked the informant with a darat on 30-10-2024 and abused and threatened to kill her. Upon investigation, it was found that the dispute pertained to taking the tractor through the field. The parties had sought time to settle the dispute, but it remained unresolved. One of the accused frequently abused the informant and her family and they had an apprehension of danger from him.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The SDM, holding that a possibility of breach of peace existed, ordered that a notice be issued to the accused persons to show-cause why they should not be bound to keep peace for a period of six months without surety in the sum of Rs 20,000. On 30-01-2025, the informant and her daughter-in-law stated that the petitioner and four other people were also involved in the quarrel, and they both feared for their lives and prayed that action should be taken against the named persons. The SDM, believing that there was a possibility of breach of peace, issued notice under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519340\" target=\"_blank\">111<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">CrPC<\/a> to the named persons as well.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Aggrieved by the SDM&#8217;s order, the petitioner prayed for it to be quashed for being without jurisdiction and arbitrary. He stated that his name was not mentioned in the complaint and even the police did not find him involved in the incident, but his name was included based on vague statements. The petitioner&#8217;s counsel submitted that it was a private dispute between the parties and the SDM lacked jurisdiction to initiate the proceedings. It was further submitted that the SDM did not pass an order under Section 130 BNSS, mentioning the number of sureties, the amount of the bond and the period for which the bond was to remain in force.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">However, the State asserted that the SDM came to know that a conflict between the parties had occurred, and an FIR dated 04-12-2024 was registered. The informant had suffered two simple and one grievous injury, and the aggrieved parties approached the SDM through their counsel for immediate relief. It was contended that the SDM could have initiated the proceedings based on credible information received from any source and thus, there was no infirmity in the order passed by him.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis and Decision:<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Christalin Costa<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Goa<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/xqLU3Tzf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous; text-underline-color: #467886; color: #467886;\">1992 SCC OnLine Bom 252<\/span><\/a>, wherein it was held that a dispute between two private individuals did not lead to a breach of the public peace, but was merely a problem of law and order and hence, it did not fall within the purview of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519335\" target=\"_blank\">107<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">CrPC<\/a>. The same position was reiterated in <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Perswami Kandswami Devendra<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Sr. Inspector of Police<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/5L8NOw52\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous; text-underline-color: #467886; color: #467886;\">2003 SCC OnLine Bom 251<\/span><\/a>, wherein it was held that <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;domestic quarrels and petty quarrels between neighbouring persons which did not have a long life were not the subject matters of the actions to be taken in view of Section 107 of the Code. The energy and time of the public servant concerned should not be wasted on such trifling matters for satisfying personal vendetta or for the purpose of giving lessons to each other&#8221;<\/span>. The Court also referred to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Asha Pant<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/o0e2YIn8\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous; text-underline-color: #467886; color: #467886;\">2008 SCC OnLine Del 367<\/span><\/a>, where it was observed that the proceedings under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519335\" target=\"_blank\">107<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">CrPC<\/a> should not be initiated in a private dispute.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court observed that the dispute was between two private parties, and the SDM had erred in taking its cognizance. In the notice issued by the SDM, he did not specify the substance of the information, the amount of the bond, the number of sureties or the period for which the bond was to remain in force. Therefore, the order did not comply with the requirements of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519340\" target=\"_blank\">111<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\">CrPC<\/a>. The Court relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Mohammed Sadiq Abdul Khalil Patel<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">V.Y. Choughule<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/YI58AT1o\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous; text-underline-color: #467886; color: #467886;\">2002 SCC OnLine Bom 1022<\/span><\/a>, wherein it was laid down that where the order did not mention the period or the amount, it was bad.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court, referring to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Lovely v. State of Kerala<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/N4R48JTG\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous; text-underline-color: #467886; color: #467886;\">2023 SCC OnLine Ker 7567<\/span><\/a>, wherein it was observed that preventive proceedings were not meant to punish a person for the crimes committed by him, concluded that it was impermissible to initiate the action based on the registration of the FIR. The SDM had filed an affidavit opposing the petition and justifying his order, but the Court, while following <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Mohinder Singh Gill<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Chief Election Commr.<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/88225T13\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; text-underline-style: solid; text-underline-mode: continuous; text-underline-color: #467886; color: #467886;\">(1978) 1 SCC 405<\/span><\/a>, where the Supreme Court had held that a statutory authority could not justify its order by furnishing an affidavit, observed that no such affidavit could be filed by the SDM.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Consequently, the Court observed that the SDM&#8217;s order summoning the petitioner could not be sustained and ordered it to be set aside.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Ajay Thakur v. State of H.P., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Fzo5dKT5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine HP 4728<\/a>, decided on 17-09-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Petitioner:<\/span> Sanjeev Kumar Suri, Advocate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Respondents:<\/span> Sunaina Chaudhary, Deputy Advocate General, Karan Kapoor, Advocate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;In the notice issued by the SDM under Section 111 CrPC, he did not specify the substance of the information, the amount of the bond, the number of sureties or the period for which the bond was to remain in force.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":361143,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[30740,2929,64495,44272,37448,89569,89570,89571],"class_list":["post-361128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-breach-of-peace","tag-Himachal_Pradesh_High_Court","tag-justice-rakesh-kainthla","tag-private-dispute","tag-section-107-crpc","tag-section-111-crpc","tag-section-130-bnss","tag-security-for-keeping-the-peace"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SDM couldn&#039;t have initiated preventive proceedings in private dispute: HP HC | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Himachal Pradesh High Court quashed Section 111 CrPC order of SDM holding SDM couldn&#039;t have initiated preventive proceedings in private dispute.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/09\/22\/sdm-initiate-preventive-proceedings-in-private-disputes-hp-hc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u2018SDM couldn&#039;t have initiated preventive proceedings in private dispute\u2019; 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pre-arrest bail not maintainable: Himachal Pradesh High Court","author":"Editor","date":"November 24, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe classification of the offences under the Criminal Procedure Code clearly shows that if the offences are punishable with imprisonment for less than three years, the offences are bailable and non-cognizable.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"himachal pradesh high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/himachal-pradesh-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/himachal-pradesh-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/himachal-pradesh-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/himachal-pradesh-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":219199,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/09\/07\/bom-hc-full-bench-returns-reference-unanswered-says-law-re-procedure-to-be-followed-by-magistrate-while-issuing-show-cause-notice-under-s-107-crpc-is-well-settled\/","url_meta":{"origin":361128,"position":1},"title":"Bom HC | Full Bench returns reference unanswered; says law re procedure to be followed by Magistrate while issuing show cause notice under S. 107 CrPC is well settled","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 7, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court:\u00a0A Full Court Bench of Pradeep Nandrajog, CJ and Revati Mohite Were and Bharati H. Dangre, JJ. returned a reference unanswered in light for the reason that the law is well settled and there was no contradiction in the judgments delivered by different Benches. The questions were referred\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":205135,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/11\/14\/special-magistrate-has-the-power-to-hear-cases-pertaining-to-matters-under-the-governing-act-under-section-306-crpc-himachal-pradesh-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":361128,"position":2},"title":"Special Magistrate has the power to hear cases pertaining to matters under the governing Act under Section 306 CrPC: Himachal Pradesh HC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 14, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Himachal Pradesh High Court: A Single Judge Bench of Sanjay Karol J., dismissed the criminal revision petition to acquit the accused of the offences under Sections 420, 467, 468 and 471 read with Section 120-B of the IPC, 1860, and any other pending applications filed in relation to it, as\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":269052,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/06\/27\/writ-under-art-226-maintainable-for-grant-of-extension-of-parole-himachal-pradesh-high-court-dismissed-petition-under-s-482-crpc\/","url_meta":{"origin":361128,"position":3},"title":"Writ under Art 226 maintainable for grant of extension of parole; Himachal Pradesh High Court dismissed petition under S. 482 CrPC","author":"Editor","date":"June 27, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Himachal Pradesh High Court: Vivek Singh Thakur, J. dismissed the petition filed under Sec 482 Criminal Procedure Code (\u2018CrPC') for extension of parole as the right remedy is under Article 226 of Constitution of India. 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Himachal Pradesh HC allows appeal of a penalised surety, remands matter","author":"Editor","date":"May 20, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cBare reading of Section 446 of the CrPC makes out a case wherein separate orders are required to be passed by the Court, firstly, at the time of cancellation of the bail bonds, and secondly, when the penalty is imposed.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Himachal Pradesh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Himachal-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Himachal-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Himachal-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Himachal-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":311903,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/01\/20\/hp-hc-not-permissible-to-conduct-mini-trial-u-s-482-of-crpc-allegation-constitutes-offence\/","url_meta":{"origin":361128,"position":5},"title":"Not permissible to conduct mini-trial u\/s 482 of CrPC to determine if an allegation constitutes an offence: Himachal Pradesh High Court","author":"Arushi","date":"January 20, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe fact that the Trial Court had not issued the summons under all the Sections mentioned in the complaint and had given the reasons, negate the plea of the petitioners that the Trial Court had not applied its mind while issuing the summons.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"himachal pradesh high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/himachal-pradesh-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/himachal-pradesh-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/himachal-pradesh-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/himachal-pradesh-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=361128"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361128\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/361143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=361128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=361128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=361128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}