{"id":356206,"date":"2025-08-11T10:00:52","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T04:30:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=356206"},"modified":"2025-08-14T16:22:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T10:52:13","slug":"rajasthan-high-court-amendment-citizenship-laws-for-children-born-abroad-to-indian-parents-visa-extension-australian-minor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/08\/11\/rajasthan-high-court-amendment-citizenship-laws-for-children-born-abroad-to-indian-parents-visa-extension-australian-minor\/","title":{"rendered":"Rajasthan High Court bats for amendments to citizenship laws for children born abroad to Indian parents; extends Australian minor\u2019s Visa"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Rajasthan High Court:<\/span> In a civil writ petition filed by an Australian minor child born to Indian parents challenging the rejection of her visa extension application, a Single-Judge Bench of Anoop Kumar Dhand, J<\/span>., directed the respondent to extend the petitioner\u2019s visa without insisting on a No Objection Certificate (\u2018NOC\u2019) from her mother. The court held that the best interest of the child is the paramount consideration and that a five-year-old girl, whose parents are Indian citizens, cannot be treated as an illegal migrant or be separated from her father due to matrimonial disputes. The Court further urged the Ministry of Home Affairs to look into the pathways to secure the best interest of such children born abroad from the wedlock of Indian citizen parents and revisit the relevant provisions of laws to make amendments where necessary.<\/p>\n

Background<\/h3>\n

The petitioner is an Australia minor child born to Indian parents. She acquired Australian citizenship. The family later returned to India on a visa, which was subsequently extended until 21-01-2024. Matrimonial disputes arose between the parents, and the petitioner\u2019s mother filed several cases, including criminal cases, against the father. The father applied for a further visa extension for the petitioner before the respondent, but it was rejected because the mother refused to provide an NOC. The petitioner apprehended that she would be treated as an illegal migrant and could face deportation without a valid visa. Aggrieved by the rejection of the visa extension for the petitioner by the respondent, the petitioner, through her father filed the present writ petition seeking extension of her visa and issuance of Overseas Citizenship of India Card.<\/p>\n

Analysis and Decision<\/h3>\n

The Court noted that the question in the present petition was whether the petitioner\u2019s visa can be extended for a further period or not, simply on the ground that her mother has refused to provide her NOC before the Foreigners Registration Office for extension of her visa.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that if the petitioner\u2019s visa is not extended, she would be treated as an illegal migrant and may face deportation in due course. The court emphasized that the best interest of the child is the paramount consideration for all nations and that India has acceded to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989 (\u2018UNCRC\u2019), which has prescribed a set of standards to be adhered to by all State parties in securing the best interest of the child. In this regard, the court perused Articles 3, 5, and 9 of the UNCRC, highlighting that the best interests of the child must be a primary consideration in all actions concerning children.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that the Supreme Court in Union of India v. Agricas LLP<\/span>, (2021) 14 SCC 341<\/a>, and Apparel Export Promotion Council v. A.K. Chopra<\/span>, (1999) 1 SCC 759<\/a>, has held that principles of International Law will be respected and enforced so long as they are not in conflict with Indian laws.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that Article 9 of the UNCRC mandates that a child should not be separated from their parents against their will, unless it is in their best interest. The Court observed that deporting the petitioner to Australia without ascertaining her wishes would not be in her best interest and would be in breach of Article 9. The Court further observed that Article 21<\/a> of the Constitution<\/a>, when considered with the UNCRC, protects the minor from deportation.<\/p>\n

The Court found the case to be unique as the father is unable to return to Australia, and the petitioner cannot reside with her father in India only because she holds Australian citizenship. This unique situation requires resolution by the respondents in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and other relevant laws in this regard.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that Section 4<\/a> of the Citizenship Act 1955<\/a> deals with the provision of citizenship by descent, where a child born outside India to an Indian Citizen may acquire citizenship by descent. Under Rule 3 of the Citizenship Rules 2009, a person can apply for registration of birth of his\/her minor child born outside India in terms of sub-section (1) of Section 4 in Form I to the Consulate in the country where such child is born. Furthermore, the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, has made online registration of births mandatory for all the children born abroad.<\/p>\n

In light of the afore-stated facts and circumstances, the court directed the respondent to extend the petitioner\u2019s visa for the maximum period prescribed by law, without insisting on the mother\u2019s NOC. It also directed the petitioner through her father to apply for issuance of an OCI card, which the respondent shall consider and decide sympathetically and expeditiously, preferably within three months.<\/p>\n

The Court observed that the,<\/p>\n

\u201cMinistry of Home Affairs, Government of India is expected to look into the pathways to secure the best interest of such children born abroad from the wedlock of Indian citizen parents and revisit the provisions of laws related to the issue, and if deemed necessary, make necessary amendments in the relevant laws to address the unique situations such as the one involved in this writ petition in the best interest and paramount consideration of the welfare of minor children born abroad to Indian citizen parents.\u201d<\/p>\n

The Court further observed that for the welfare and best interest of such children, the international legal framework must be revisited inasmuch as it is the need of the hour to call for action for countries to enhance cooperation and harmonize legal standards to better protect children. A robust and flexible convention is required to address these unique circumstances while ensuring that the child\u2019s welfare remains the paramount consideration.<\/p>\n

[Seher Gogio v. The Foreigners Regional Registration Officer, Frro Delhi, 2025 SCC OnLine Raj 3817<\/a>, decided on 31-07-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n

\n

Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n

For the Plaintiff:<\/span> Rajesh Kumar Sharma, Kamini Pareek, Sarthak Chaubey, Advocates<\/p>\n

For the Defendant:<\/span> Devesh Yadav, Advocate<\/p>\n

Buy Constitution of India \u00a0HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"Constitution<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

‘The petitioner being a 5-year-old minor cannot be compelled to be deported to Australia. The right against such deportation is protected under Article 21 of the Constitution.’<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":356238,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[13681,52665,62923,21494,86939,3151,31576,57125,86937,2575,86938,66610,40739],"class_list":["post-356206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-article-21","tag-best-interest-of-child","tag-citizenship-act-1955","tag-deportation","tag-foreigners-regional-registration-officer","tag-matrimonial_dispute","tag-minor-child","tag-oci-card","tag-overseas-citizenship-of-india-card","tag-Rajasthan_High_Court","tag-uncrc","tag-united-nations-convention-on-the-rights-of-the-child","tag-visa-extension"],"yoast_head":"\nRaj HC calls for amendment to citizenship laws for children born abroad to Indian parents | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Raj HC called for amendments to citizenship laws for children born abroad to Indian parents, extended Australian minor's Visa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/08\/11\/rajasthan-high-court-amendment-citizenship-laws-for-children-born-abroad-to-indian-parents-visa-extension-australian-minor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rajasthan High Court bats for amendments to citizenship laws for children born abroad to Indian parents; 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Ramakrishna Pillai J., directed the respondents\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "High Courts"","block_context":{"text":"High Courts","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/highcourts\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":379942,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/04\/01\/jk-hc-orders-retrieval-of-individual-forcibly-deported-to-pakistan\/","url_meta":{"origin":356206,"position":1},"title":"Emphasising sacrosanct human values and rights, J&K and Ladakh HC orders retrieval of minor forcibly deported to Pakistan","author":"Sunaina","date":"April 1, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cAfter the mother\u2019s death due to a fatal illness, the minor continued to reside in India with his father and repeated applications were submitted to the authorities seeking extension of the child\u2019s stay and grant of Indian citizenship on compassionate grounds. However, neither was the minor declared an Indian citizen\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"forcibly deported to Pakistan","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/forcibly-deported-to-Pakistan.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/forcibly-deported-to-Pakistan.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/forcibly-deported-to-Pakistan.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/forcibly-deported-to-Pakistan.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":330108,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/09\/05\/bombay-hc-holds-indian-minor-citizenship-unaffected-by-acquisition-of-foreign-citizenship-by-parent\/","url_meta":{"origin":356206,"position":2},"title":"\u2018Acquisition of foreign citizenship by parent does not affect the Indian citizenship of their minor child\u2019: Bombay HC","author":"Editor","date":"September 5, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe child cannot be left stateless\u201d, said the Court while holding that the minor petitioner was entitled to be issued a passport on the basis of her Indian citizenship.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Bombay High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":260993,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/02\/02\/can-court-compel-a-parent-to-go-aboard-with-child-in-a-habeas-corpus-case-supreme-court-answers\/","url_meta":{"origin":356206,"position":3},"title":"Can Court compel a parent to go abroad with child in a habeas corpus case? Supreme Court answers","author":"Editor","date":"February 2, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: In a habeas corpus case the Division Bench Ajay Rastogi and Abhay S. Oka*, JJ., held that in a case for custody of the child the rights of the parties to a custody dispute (parents) are irrelevant. However, adding an exception, the Bench stated, \u00a0\u201cWe may note here\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-68.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-68.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-68.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-68.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-68.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":337088,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/12\/11\/raj-hc-allows-fathers-habeas-corpus-plea-directs-childs-return-to-us-rather-than-facing-illegal-migrant-status-in-india-scc-times\/","url_meta":{"origin":356206,"position":4},"title":"Rajasthan High Court allows father\u2019s Habeas Corpus plea; directs child\u2019s return to US rather than facing illegal migrant status in India","author":"Ritu","date":"December 11, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The Child status as an illegal migrant in India post-visa expiration posed legal and social constraints, making his welfare better served in the U.S., where he enjoys full rights as a citizen.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Rajasthan High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":283052,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/02\/03\/madras-high-court-directs-union-to-consider-passport-application-of-srilankan-refugees-daughter-legal-research-legal-news-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":356206,"position":5},"title":"Madras High Court directs Union to consider passport application of Srilankan refugees’ daughter","author":"Editor","date":"February 3, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Madras High Court permitted Srilankan refugees' daughter to apply for passport under Section 20 of the Passports Act and directed the Central Government to consider her application and pass order.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Madras High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Madras-High-Court-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=356206"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356206\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/356238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=356206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=356206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=356206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}