{"id":355125,"date":"2025-07-31T12:30:46","date_gmt":"2025-07-31T07:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=355125"},"modified":"2025-08-01T17:09:41","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T11:39:41","slug":"chirag-sen-and-lakshya-sen-badminton-players-birth-record-falsification-supreme-court-relief","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/07\/31\/chirag-sen-and-lakshya-sen-badminton-players-birth-record-falsification-supreme-court-relief\/","title":{"rendered":"Know Why Supreme Court set aside proceedings against badminton players Chirag Sen & Lakshya Sen for birth record falsification"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Supreme Court:<\/span> While considering the appeals filed by badminton players Chirag Sen and Lakshya Sen who challenged Karnataka High Court\u2019s refusal to quash criminal proceedings against them vis-a-vis allegations falsification of birth records; the Division Bench of Sudhanshu Dhulia and Aravind Kumar*<\/span>, JJ., opined that continuation of the criminal proceedings against the appellants would be wholly unwarranted. The Court pointed out that the very allegations now sought to be revived, had been subjected earlier to scrutiny by competent authorities, which found no material to proceed further.<\/p>\n

The Court said that to compel such established badminton players of national standing, who have maintained an unblemished record and brought distinction to the country through sustained excellence, to undergo the ordeal of a criminal trial in the absence of prima facie material would not subserve the ends of justice. The invocation of criminal law in such circumstances would amount to an abuse of process.<\/p>\n

Background:<\/h3>\n

Chirag and Lakshya Sen (Appellants 1 and 3) are established badminton players of national acclaim. Appellant 4 is a reputed national coach and director of the Prakash Padukone Badminton Academy (\u201cPPBA\u201d). Appellants 2 and 5 are the parents of Appellants 1 and 3.<\/p>\n

On 27-06-2022, a complaint was filed against Chirag and Lakshya alleging that the players had misrepresented their date of birth to qualify for tournaments in the Under-13 and Under-15 categories and thereby gained wrongful selection and monetary rewards. It was alleged that their parents and coach had conspired to forge and fabricate records in support of the misrepresentation.<\/p>\n

Upon complainant\u2019s private complaint before the Court of the VIII Additional Chief Metropolitan Magistrate, Bengaluru, the Magistrate directed investigation under Section 156(3) CrPC. Subsequently, an FIR was registered against the appellants under Sections 420<\/a>, 468<\/a>, 471<\/a>, and 34<\/a> of the Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (IPC).<\/p>\n

Challenging the registration of FIR, the appellants approached Karnataka High Court contending that identical allegations were raised against Chirag and Lakshya Sen a decade earlier and issue was duly investigated by the competent authorities including the Sports Authority of India (\u201cSAI\u201d), the Central Vigilance Commission (\u201cCVC\u201d), and the Education Department of the Government of Karnataka. Eventually the cases against them were closed by authorities concerned. However, the High Court refused to quash proceedings observing that the documents annexed to the complaint and procured under the Right to Information Act, 2005<\/a>, prima facie<\/span> disclosed grounds for investigation, and that it would be inappropriate to quash the proceedings at the preliminary stage.<\/p>\n

Aggrieved with the refusal, badminton players approached the Supreme Court contending that continuation of criminal proceedings amounts to a gross abuse of process.<\/p>\n

Court’s Assessment:<\/h3>\n

Perusing the facts, legal trajectory of the case and contentions submitted by the parties, the Court opined that the instant case fell within the category of exceptional circumstances warranting interference at the threshold to prevent abuse of the criminal process.<\/p>\n

The Court pointed out that the entire complaint was built upon a solitary document, the 1996 GPF nomination form, which could not be authenticated, and also failed to establish any fraudulent intent or act attributable to the Chirag and Lakshya Sen. Furthermore, even if the GPF form would have been genuine, the same could not have overridden the birth certificates.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that the complainant neither challenged the validity of the official birth records before any civil forum nor offered any explanation as to why the alleged discrepancies were not raised contemporaneously. The Court further pointed out that the allegations were based on conjecture and surmises and were manifestly intended to malign the appellants. No dishonest inducement or gain was demonstrated, nor was there any wrongful loss caused to the State or a third party. The allegations against the appellants therefore did not fulfil the essential ingredients of Sections 420<\/a>, 468<\/a> or 471<\/a> IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The Court further expressed concern over the pattern of vindictiveness that permeated the complaint. The Court pointed out that the complainant\u2019s grievances commenced only after his daughter was denied admission to the academy in 2020. The FIR was registered in 2022 after the same matter was examined and closed by multiple authorities, including the CVC, which is a premier integrity institution under the Government of India. The delay, absence of new material, and apparent personal grudge collectively undermined the bona fides of the complaint.<\/p>\n

Coming onto the High Court\u2019s power under Section 482 CrPC and its use in the instant case, the Court stated that the suggestion that a criminal investigation is necessary to test the allegations rings hollow when viewed in light of the numerous factual inquiries already conducted by competent authorities. The SAI, on receiving complaints, initiated a verification process in 2016, which included medical testing and factual inquiries. The players underwent bone ossification and dental examination tests conducted at government run hospitals including AIIMS, Delhi. The findings of these tests supported the birth years as recorded in official documents. On that basis, the SAI closed the matter. The CVC, an independent oversight body, also recommended no disciplinary proceedings against the players\u2019 father. The Court explained that while the conclusion of administrative bodies is not conclusive for criminal liability, they do bear relevance when evaluating whether a complaint discloses prima facie grounds to proceed further<\/span>. The Court stated that the complainant sought to reopen settled issues that have already been examined thoroughly and closed, without any allegation of fraud or suppression in those proceedings.<\/p>\n

The Court further noted that there was no allegation that any of the appellants forged or fabricated a document, or that they knowingly used a forged document as genuine. Equally, there was no averment that any person or authority was dishonestly induced to part with property or confer a benefit as a result of any such act. The complaint proceeded on the assumption that an entry in a GPF nomination form, allegedly filled up by the father of the players in 1996, casts doubt on the subsequently issued birth records of the players. Furthermore, the complainant could not provide any satisfactory explanation to the Court clarifying the nature of the involvement of the players, their parents and coach.<\/p>\n

Therefore, the present case illustrated how criminal process may be misused to achieve a collateral objective under the guise of legality.<\/p>\n

The Court stated that Chirag Sen and Lakshya Sen are sportspersons of national standing, having represented India in international badminton tournaments and having earned multiple accolades, including medals at the Commonwealth Games and BWF international events. To compel such individuals to undergo the ordeal of a criminal trial in the absence of prima facie material would amount to abuse of process.<\/p>\n

Therefore, the with the afore-stated assessment, the Cout set aside impugned verdict of Karnataka High Court and quashed the proceedings against Chirag and Lakshya Sen and other their coach and parents.<\/p>\n

[Chirag Sen v. State of Karnataka, 2025 SCC OnLine SC 1518<\/a>, decided on 28-7-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n

*Judgment by Justice Aravind Kumar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n

For Petitioner(s):<\/span> Mr. C.A. Sundaram, Senior Counsel; Ms. Rohini Musa, AOR<\/p>\n

For Respondent(s):<\/span> Mr. Vikram Hegde, AOR Mr. Abhishek Wadiyar, Adv.<\/p>\n

Buy Penal Code, 1860 \u00a0 HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"penal<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In 2022, a complaint was filed against Chirag and Lakshya alleging that the players had misrepresented their date of birth to qualify for tournaments in the Under-13 and Under-15 categories and thereby gained wrongful selection and monetary rewards.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":355128,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[31236,86353,86354,86357,86355,86358,33586,10141,56504,86356],"class_list":["post-355125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-abuse-of-process","tag-badminton","tag-badminton-players","tag-birth-record-falsification","tag-chirag-sen","tag-fabrication-of-records","tag-forgery","tag-fraud","tag-justice-aravind-kumar","tag-lakshya-sen"],"yoast_head":"\nSC relief for Chirag Sen and Lakshya Sen in birth record falsification case | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SC gives relief to badminton players Chirag Sen and Lakshya Sen, coach and parents in birth records falsification case; 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It partakes of crime and is coloured by criminal intent. Where the falsification takes place in connection with treatment of a patient, especially where the patient is dead, the seriousness of the misdemeanor increases manifold.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"delhi high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":226095,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/02\/24\/jhar-hc-exoneration-from-departmental-proceedings-has-nothing-to-do-with-criminal-proceedings-in-the-court-if-the-allegations-levelled-are-different\/","url_meta":{"origin":355125,"position":1},"title":"Jhar HC | Exoneration from departmental proceedings has nothing to do with criminal proceedings in the Court if the allegations levelled are different","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"February 24, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Jharkhand High Court: Anubha Rawat Choudhary, J., dismissed the criminal petition seeking exoneration from criminal proceedings. In the present case, the petitioner was caught red-handed with bribe money. The petitioner herein seeks to quash all the criminal proceedings in connection with Vigilance Case No. 39\/2017 arising out of A.C.B. P.S.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":328545,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/08\/12\/sc-quashes-ndps-case-after-4-years-no-incriminating-material-investigation\/","url_meta":{"origin":355125,"position":2},"title":"SC quashes NDPS case against man falsely implicated in 1.75 Kg ganja dealing after 4 years due to lack of evidence","author":"Editor","date":"August 12, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The investigation against the accused was initiated as the main accused had named him but later it was discovered that it was a false accusation, as wife of the main accused had some disputes going on with accused person\u2019s wife, hence, he was falsely implicated.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"quash NDPS case","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/quash-NDPS-case.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/quash-NDPS-case.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/quash-NDPS-case.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/quash-NDPS-case.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":284146,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/02\/16\/supreme-court-grants-bail-to-accused-for-economic-offences-under-pmla-on-having-served-50-of-his-sentence-legal-news-legal-resreach-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":355125,"position":3},"title":"Supreme Court grants bail to the accused for economic offences under PMLA on having served 50% of his sentence","author":"Editor","date":"February 16, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The petitioner had contended that on account of his wife's death, he was released on interim bail and had duly complied with all the conditions and had timely surrendered himself. The petitioner had also mentioned the fact that the two main accused in the case were enlarged on bail three\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-409.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":296809,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/07\/14\/know-thy-judge-supreme-court-of-india-justice-aravind-kumar-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":355125,"position":4},"title":"Know Thy Judge | Supreme Court of India: Justice Aravind Kumar","author":"Sucheta","date":"July 14, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Prior to his elevation to the Supreme Court, Justice Aravind Kumar, as Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court, took steps to tackle pendency of cases and initiated the conversion of roadways buses into schools for poor children.","rel":"","context":"In "Know thy Judge"","block_context":{"text":"Know thy Judge","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/judges-information\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"justice aravind kumar","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/justice-aravind-kumar.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/justice-aravind-kumar.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/justice-aravind-kumar.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/justice-aravind-kumar.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":355969,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/08\/07\/criminal-law-july-2025-roundup-supreme-court-high-courts-pmla-nhrc-scc-times-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":355125,"position":5},"title":"Criminal Law July 2025: A Dive into the Month\u2019s Biggest Criminal Cases","author":"Editor","date":"August 7, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Covering all the important criminal cases across various High Courts and the Supreme Court, this roundup provides a quick summary of cases, links to other roundups and a few top stories of the July 2025.","rel":"","context":"In "Legal RoundUp"","block_context":{"text":"Legal RoundUp","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/columns-for-roundup\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Criminal Law - July 2025","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Criminal-Law-July-2025.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Criminal-Law-July-2025.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Criminal-Law-July-2025.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Criminal-Law-July-2025.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355125","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=355125"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355125\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/355128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=355125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=355125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=355125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}