{"id":355027,"date":"2025-07-30T16:00:43","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T10:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=355027"},"modified":"2025-08-01T10:29:02","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T04:59:02","slug":"jhar-hc-order-on-requirement-of-deception-in-cheating","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/07\/30\/jhar-hc-order-on-requirement-of-deception-in-cheating\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;Offence of cheating will not be made out unless deception is played since beginning&#8221;: Jharkhand HC quashes criminal proceedings u\/s 406 and 420 IPC"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Jharkhand High Court:<\/span> In a criminal miscellaneous petition seeking to set aside the entire criminal proceedings as well as the order passed by the Chief Judicial Magistrate, Koderma for offences punishable under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561742\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">406<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561758\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">420<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Penal Code 1860<\/a> (\u2018IPC\u2019), a Single Judge Bench of <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Anil Kumar Choudhary J*<\/span> stated that unless the accused person played deception since the beginning of the transaction between the parties, the offence of cheating punishable under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561758\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">420<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> would not be made out. Thus, the Court stated that continuation of the criminal proceedings against the petitioner would amount to abuse of the process of law and accordingly, set aside the impugned order and quashed the criminal proceedings.<\/p>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The complainant entered into an agreement with the petitioner for the sale of land for Rs.14,00,000\/-. The complainant paid an advance of Rs.1,00,000\/- but the petitioner got his land sold to someone else and did not return the money.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The petitioner contended that a mere breach of promise, agreement or contract does not, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">ipso facto<\/span>, constitute the offence of the criminal breach of trust contained in Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561741\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">405<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>, without there being a clear case of entrustment and submits that in that case. The opposite party, on the other hand, opposed the same, contending that it was a clear case of cheating.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis and Decision<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court considered <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Radheyshyam<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Rajasthan<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/oSv67x7o\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2024 SCC OnLine SC 2311<\/a>, wherein ut was held that the amount paid towards consideration cannot be said to have been entrusted with the accused persons and a mere breach of contract does not constitute the offence of cheating or breach of trust. Further, considering <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Uma Shankar Gopalika<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Bihar<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/CaNfDD0h\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(2005) 10 SCC 336<\/a>, the Court viewed that it is a settled principle of law that unless the accused person played deception since the beginning of the transaction between the parties, the offence of cheating punishable under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561758\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">420<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> would not be made out.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court observed that even if the entire allegations made against the petitioner were true in their entirety, still the offence punishable under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561758\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">420<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> could not be made out against him. Considering that there was no allegation of any entrustment of money to the petitioner, nor was there any allegation of dishonest misappropriation of the entrusted property, the Court held that offence punishable under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561742\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">406<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> was also not made out against the petitioner.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Thus, quashing the criminal proceedings and setting aside the order, the Court stated that the continuation of the criminal proceeding against the petitioner would amount to abuse of process of law.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Maya Rani v. State of Jharkhand, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/2BdOY008\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Jhar 2950<\/a>, decided on 21-7-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Judgment by Justice Anil Kumar Choudhary<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Petitioner:<\/span> Arwind Kumar, Advocate<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Opposite Party:<\/span> Lily Sahay, Additional Public Prosecutor, Ashok Kr. Sinha, Advocate and Anshuman Kumar, Advocate.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Penal Code, 1860 \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294601\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"penal code, 1860\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">Even if the entire allegations made against the petitioner are considered to be true in their entirety, the continuation of this criminal proceeding against the petitioner will amount to abuse of process of law.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":355033,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[9361,32378,86296,13961,5791,35034,86298,36335,86297],"class_list":["post-355027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-breach-of-trust","tag-cheating","tag-deception-in-cheating","tag-ipc","tag-jharkhand-high-court","tag-justice-anil-kumar-choudhary","tag-offence-of-cheating","tag-penal-code-1860","tag-requirement-of-deception"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jhar HC order on requirement of deception in cheating | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jharkhand High 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