{"id":353756,"date":"2025-07-18T09:30:50","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T04:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=353756"},"modified":"2025-07-22T09:57:00","modified_gmt":"2025-07-22T04:27:00","slug":"madras-hc-ruling-on-sentence-reduced-internal-misogyny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/07\/18\/madras-hc-ruling-on-sentence-reduced-internal-misogyny\/","title":{"rendered":"Read how &#8216;internalised misogyny&#8217; led Madras HC to reduce sentence of women convicted for abetting minor girl\u2019s suicide"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Madras High Court:<\/span> In a criminal appeal filed under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519660\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">374(2)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Criminal Procedure Code, 1973<\/a> challenging the judgment of Trial Court dated 21-7-2016, wherein the appellants were convicted under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561612\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">305<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (\u2018IPC\u2019) and sentenced to three years of rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 2,000 each, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">D. Bharatha Chakravarthy J.<\/span>, observed that the appellants, being ordinary domestic workers and daily wagers with no social influence, would not weaken the deterrent effect on society by serving a shorter prison term. Thus, highlighting internalised misogyny and considering the appellants\u2019 remorse, socio-economic status, and prior imprisonment as mitigating factors, the Court reduced their sentence to the period already undergone.<\/p>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The appellants were accused of abetting the suicide of a 15-year-old minor girl (victim) who had an affair with their nephew aged about 19 years. The relationship between the victim and the nephew was initially opposed by the nephew\u2019s parents but was later accepted, with marriage arrangements underway. However, the appellants disliked the marriage plans. On 18-8-2011, the appellants came to the doorstep of victim\u2019s house, hurled sexually colored remarks, and specifically told her to commit suicide. Unable to bear the scolding, victim set herself on fire and subsequently on 2-9-2011, she died due to her burn injuries.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Initially, the case was filed under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561616\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">309<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> but following the victim\u2019s death, the case was altered under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561612\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">305<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> and charges were framed against both the appellants. The Trial Court, relying on the victim\u2019s dying declaration and supporting testimony from multiple witnesses, concluded that the prosecution had proved the case beyond reasonable doubt. The Trial Court stated that the appellants used harsh, sexually charged language and issued serious threats that directly drove the minor to commit suicide. As a result, the Trial Court convicted the appellants under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561612\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">305<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> and sentenced them to three years of rigorous imprisonment along with a fine of Rs. 2000 each. Thus, aggrieved by the Trial Courts order, the appellants filed the present appeal.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis and Decision<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court found the conviction of the appellants under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561612\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">305<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> to be just and thus, upheld it. While acknowledging the offence as heinous and punishable by death, life imprisonment, or up to 10 years with a fine, the Court proceeded to examine the appropriate sentence. The Court referred to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Shailesh Jasvantbhai v. State of Gujarat<\/span>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/Members\/NoteView.aspx?enc=KDIwMDYpIDIgU0NDIDM1OSYmJiYmNDAmJiYmJlNlYXJjaFBhZ2UjdW5kZWZpbmVk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(2006) 2 SCC 359<\/a>, wherein it observed that, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u201cin operating the sentencing system, law should adopt the corrective machinery or deterrence based on factual matrix. By deft modulation, sentencing process be stern where it should be, and tempered with mercy where it warrants to be.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that although the appellants acted wrongfully by admonishing the victim instead of the nephew, despite being from the nephew\u2019s family. However, it considered this as a mitigating factor, noting their behaviour was influenced by internalised misogyny. As they were conditioned to question the female without realising, they themselves were the victims of such a mindset. In doing so, they harmed the victim and made themselves liable for punishment. The offence occurred in =a part of South Coimbatore, a metropolitan area and the appellants being an ordinary women working as domestic helpers and daily wage earners, were socially unrecognised and their shorter imprisonment would not undermine the deterrent effect on society.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Having shown remorse, faced full legal proceedings, and already served 90 days and 83 days respectively in custody, the Court emphasized that the appellants\u2019 further imprisonment was not necessary for deterrence or reformation in these exceptional circumstances. Thus, the Court modified their sentence to the period already undergone. However, the Court opined that the appellants should continue to feel the pinch of their actions, thus increased the fine from Rs. 2,000 to Rs. 20,000.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Kayar Nisha v. State of T.N., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/CTjCzFS2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Mad 3291<\/a>, decided on 2-7-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Petitioner:<\/span> J. Franklin, Advocate<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Respondent:<\/span> J.R. Archana, Government Advocate (Crl. Side)<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Penal Code, 1860 \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294601\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"penal code, 1860\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">The counsel submitted that considering the social background of all parties involved, as they were living in the vicinity where relatives and neighbours do not hesitate to intervene in each other&#8217;s affairs, it cannot be said that the appellants spoke to encourage the minor girl in committing suicide.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67522,"featured_media":353757,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[22444,85508,85505,85501,85503,2567,45142,85504,85507,85502,85506],"class_list":["post-353756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-abetment-of-suicide","tag-abetting-minors-suicide","tag-child-suicide-case","tag-internalised-misogyny","tag-justice-d-bharatha-chakravarthy","tag-Madras_High_Court","tag-section-305-ipc","tag-sentencing-mitigation","tag-societal-conditioning-and-law","tag-suicide-abetment","tag-women-convicts"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mad HC ruling on reduced sentence due to 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HC | Conviction of father implicated in suicide note of his son reversed; Drinking, by itself, can never be an abetment for a person to commit suicide","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"January 10, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court:\u00a0V.M. Deshpande, J. allowed an appeal against the judgment of the trial court whereby the appellant was convicted under Section 305\u00a0(abetment of suicide of child\u00a0or insane person)\u00a0of the Penal Code, 1860. The appellant's son had committed suicide by hanging himself. He left behind a suicide note wherein he\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":257973,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/12\/01\/abetment-to-suicide\/","url_meta":{"origin":353756,"position":1},"title":"Insisting to repair a car borrowed by a friend who met with an accident: Can this be intentionally aiding and abetting to suicide? Madras HC decides","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 1, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Madras High Court: V Bharathidasan, J., held that, Mere harassment without any mens rea which lead to the suicide would not amount to an offence under Section 306 Penal Code, 1860. Petitioner, sole accused was charged for an offence under Section 306 of the Penal Code, 1860 sought to quash\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":243713,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/02\/11\/suicide\/","url_meta":{"origin":353756,"position":2},"title":"Bom HC | Child commits suicide, mentions drinking habit of father in suicide note. Can the father be held liable for abetment to suicide? Law explained","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"February 11, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: V.M. Deshpande, J., held that merely drinking can never be an abetment for a person to commit suicide. The decision of Additional Sessions Judge, wherein the appellant was convicted for an offence punishable under Section 305 of the Penal Code, 1860. It has been stated that charge\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":254232,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/09\/15\/abetment-of-suicide-3\/","url_meta":{"origin":353756,"position":3},"title":"Husband and Wife consumed pesticide after a quarrel, wife died but husband survived. Will allegation of abetment of suicide on husband survive? SC explains","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 15, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The Division Bench of M.R. Shah and Aniruddha Bose, JJ., while addressing a matter noted that, Abetment by a person is when a person instigates another to do something. Instigation can be inferred where the accused had, by his acts or omission created such circumstances that the deceased\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":272891,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/09\/02\/madras-high-court-not-murder-not-rape-suicide-note-abetment-to-suicide-penal-code-criminal-procedure-code-legal-research-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":353756,"position":4},"title":"Madras High Court | Teachers directing their students to study well is part and parcel of teaching and would not amount to abetment to suicide","author":"Editor","date":"September 2, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Madras High Court: In a case related to allegation of murder and rape of a 12th standard school-girl, G.K.Ilanthiraiyan, J. viewed that there is no evidence to attract the offence under rape and murder and on perusal of the suicidal note of the deceased, it is very clear\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Madras High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":253753,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/09\/06\/sc-invokes-s-113-a-of-evidence-act\/","url_meta":{"origin":353756,"position":5},"title":"Absent direct evidence, SC invokes S. 113-A of Evidence Act to uphold conviction of husband, mother-in-law for abetment of suicide","author":"Editor","date":"September 6, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: A Division Bench of S. Abdul Nazeer and Krishna Murari, JJ. refused to interfere in the judgment passed by the Gujarat High Court whereby the appellants (husband and mother-in-law of the deceased) were found guilty of committing cruelty to the deceased and abetting suicide committed by the deceased.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/353756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67522"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=353756"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/353756\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/353757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=353756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=353756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=353756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}