{"id":353260,"date":"2025-07-12T15:00:02","date_gmt":"2025-07-12T09:30:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=353260"},"modified":"2025-07-17T18:04:15","modified_gmt":"2025-07-17T12:34:15","slug":"rajasthan-hc-holds-question-on-ayodhya-judgment-does-not-hurt-religious-sentiments-scc-times-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/07\/12\/rajasthan-hc-holds-question-on-ayodhya-judgment-does-not-hurt-religious-sentiments-scc-times-news\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Exam Question on Ayodhya Judgment does not hurt religious sentiments\u2019: Rajasthan High Court upholds academic freedom"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Rajasthan High Court:<\/span> In a civil writ petition filed by the petitioner, seeking directions to investigate and remove biased and inflammatory content from an examination question paper concerning the Ayodhya judgment, a Single-Judge Bench of <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Anoop Kumar Dhand, J.<\/span>, dismissed the writ petition holding that a challenge to a question paper solely on the ground of hurting religious sentiments under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/hF8R4TLX\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 295A<\/a> of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/hF8R4TLX\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (\u2018IPC\u2019) is not legally sustainable unless deliberate and malicious intent to outrage religious feelings is established. The Court further noted that academic freedom and the autonomy of educational institutions should not be curtailed merely based on subjective language, provided there is no clear breach of law or contemptuous, offensive, or defamatory language.<\/p>\n<h3>BACKGROUND<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The petitioner, a first-year law student, had appeared in the examination conducted by the respondent university of Legal Languages, Legal Writing, and General English for the LL.B. First Year of the Session 2023-24 on 12-08-2024. The petitioner contended that some passages of the question paper made certain comments on the judgment of Ayodhya Ram Janmabhoomi \u2014 Babari Mosque, which were allegedly highly misconceived, biased, and inflammatory, outraging the religious sentiments and violating <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/hF8R4TLX\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 295A<\/a> of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/hF8R4TLX\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Uei3bEDC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Article 25<\/a> of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Uei3bEDC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Constitution of India<\/a>. Aggrieved by it, the petitioner had filed the present writ petition seeking that the respondents investigate and remove biased, inflammatory, and inappropriate content from academic examinations and materials. He also prayed for strict action against individuals responsible for including the offensive passage and a public apology for the content, which he claimed disrespected the Supreme Court and hurt religious sentiments.<\/p>\n<h3>COURT\u2019S OBSERVATION<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court observed that challenging a portion of a question paper solely on the ground that it hurts religious sentiments under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/hF8R4TLX\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 295A of the IPC<\/a> is not legally sustainable\/tenable. It must be established that the content was included with deliberate and malicious intent to outrage religious feelings or to violate specific statutory provisions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that<span style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\"> academic freedom and the autonomy of educational institutions should not be curtailed and compromised merely based on subjective language alleged to have hurt sentiments, unless there is a clear breach of law or the language used is contemptuous, offensive, or defamatory. The Court further noted that an academic opinion expressed by a student, teacher, or scholar on a legal judgment, even one involving sensitive issues, cannot be equated with a religious attack.<\/span> If a citizen writes an essay or critique on a court verdict, reflecting personal interpretation, it must be viewed as a positive and constructive exercise in legal reasoning and critical analysis, provided it does not amount to contempt of the court.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court reiterated that the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression guaranteed under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Uei3bEDC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Article 19(1)(a)<\/a> of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Uei3bEDC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Constitution of India<\/a> is a cornerstone of democracy, allowing citizens to express views freely. However, this right is not absolute and is subject to reasonable restrictions under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Uei3bEDC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Article 19(2)<\/a>. Any critical analysis of a judgment must balance fundamental rights with permissible limitations. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Any criticism of a verdict is permissible if founded on reasons, not driven by malice, and not contemptuous, offensive, defamatory, or derogatory.<\/span> The Court observed that whatever question was asked in the examination paper was merely an expression of the examiner\u2019s view, and in any case, it had not hurt the sentiments of any students except the petitioner. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">The Court noted that the law must be governed by reasons and not by sentiments<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In light of the afore-stated reasons, the Court dismissed the writ petition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Anuj Kumar Kumawat v. State of Rajasthan, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/5314E8uA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Raj 3204<\/a>, decided on 04-07-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Petitioner:<\/span> Petitioner in-person<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Constitution of India \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product\/the-constitution-of-india-coat-pocket-edition?products_id=100647\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product\/the-constitution-of-india-coat-pocket-edition?products_id=100647\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294438\" src=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/ebcwebstore\/images\/the-constitution-of-india-coat-pocket-edition-Gopal-Sankaranarayanan-ebc-front-cover.JPG\" alt=\"Constitution of India\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Penal Code, 1860 \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294601\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"penal code, 1860\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;An academic or personal opinion expressed by a student, teacher, or scholar on a legal judgment, even one involving sensitive issues, cannot be equated with any religious attack.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":353261,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[85204,7282,10321,85203,56146,85205,3483,2575,20801,16321,16311],"class_list":["post-353260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-academic-freedom","tag-article-19","tag-article-25","tag-ayodhya-judgment-question","tag-babri-mosque","tag-critical-analysis-of-judgment","tag-freedom_of_speech_and_expression","tag-Rajasthan_High_Court","tag-ram-janmabhoomi","tag-religious-sentiments","tag-section-295a-ipc"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Raj HC:Question on Ayodhya Judgment does not hurt 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action disliked by a class may not lead to outrage of religious sentiments\u2019; Bombay HC quashes case against Kailash Kher for hurting religious feelings in Lord Shiva song","author":"Editor","date":"March 13, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cEvery action that might be disliked by a class of people may not necessarily lead to the outraging of religious sentiments because an act without the intention to outrage religious feelings would not be covered under Section 295A.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Bombay High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, 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The writ petitioner, an artist had posted a portrait of Lord Krishna, which had been displayed in the Christie\u2019s, an auction house.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/calcutta_high_court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/calcutta_high_court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/calcutta_high_court.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/calcutta_high_court.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/calcutta_high_court.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":126371,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/04\/21\/complaint-against-ms-dhoni-for-allegedly-hurting-religious-sentiments-quashed\/","url_meta":{"origin":353260,"position":2},"title":"Complaint against MS Dhoni for allegedly hurting religious sentiments, quashed","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"April 21, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: Quashing the complaint filed against Mahendra Singh Dhoni for allegedly hurting the religious sentiments of people when an image of him being portrayed as Lord Vishnu was published in a magazine with a caption \u201cGod of Big Deals\u201d, the Court said that Section 295A IPC does not stipulate\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":201153,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/09\/01\/wink-picturization-in-a-song-does-not-amount-to-insulting-of-a-religion-or-religious-beliefs-sc\/","url_meta":{"origin":353260,"position":3},"title":"\u201cWink\u201d picturization in a song does not amount to insulting of a religion or religious beliefs: SC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 1, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The Bench comprising of CJ Dipak Misra and A.M. Khanwilkar and Dr D.Y. Chandrachud, JJ, allowed an appeal pertaining to an FIR filed against the petitioner\u2019s in regard to a song named \u201cManikya Malaraya Poovi\u201d been picturised in a manner that offends the sentiments of a particular community.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":312008,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/01\/23\/raj-hc-directs-district-collector-toensure-future-roads-not-blocked-religious-celebrations-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":353260,"position":4},"title":"&#8216;Real celebration will be if society follows ideals of Lord Ram&#8217;; Raj HC directs District Collector to ensure that in future roads are not blocked in name of religious celebrations","author":"Arushi","date":"January 23, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cIt is ironic that while Lord Ram had created a bridge to approach Lanka, people have blocked the way resulting in a complete road-block and impasse.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"rajasthan high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/rajasthan-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/rajasthan-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/rajasthan-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/rajasthan-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":260316,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/01\/19\/on-judgement-day-god-shall-admonish-petitioner-for-committing-un-christian-act\/","url_meta":{"origin":353260,"position":5},"title":"&#8216;On Judgement Day, God shall admonish petitioner for committing un-Christian act&#8217;: Read whether Madras HC holds Catholic Priest prima facie accountable under S. 295A IPC for using &#8216;Bharat Mata&#8217; and &#8216;Bhuma Devi&#8217; in offensive manner","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"January 19, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Madras High Court: On finding that Section 295A IPC will be attracted in the present case, G.R. Swaminathan, J., observed that, Bhuma Devi is considered as a Goddess by all believing Hindus. I use the expression \u201cbelieving\u201d because, even materialists, rationalists and non-believers also can be counted as Hindus. I\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/353260","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=353260"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/353260\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/353261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=353260"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=353260"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=353260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}