{"id":353066,"date":"2025-07-10T16:00:04","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T10:30:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=353066"},"modified":"2025-07-10T15:53:49","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T10:23:49","slug":"sik-hc-crpc-or-bnss-section-528-section-482","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/07\/10\/sik-hc-crpc-or-bnss-section-528-section-482\/","title":{"rendered":"Section 528 BNSS or Section 482 CrPC? Sikkim HC explains applicability"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Sikkim High Court:<\/span> The present petition was filed by the petitioners, seeking quashment of the FIR and criminal proceedings arising from a land dispute, which had been registered under non-compoundable offences of the Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (\u2018IPC\u2019). Following the resolution of the matter through a Settlement Agreement, the petitioners invoked the inherent powers of the High Court under Section 528<\/a> of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023<\/a> (\u2018BNSS\u2019). A Single Judge Bench of Meenakshi Madan Rai<\/span>, J., allowed the petition and held that the matter between the disputing parties had arisen out of a civil dispute, which formed a fit case for the exercise of its jurisdiction under Section 528<\/a> BNSS<\/a>, and accordingly quashed the FIR and the proceedings.<\/p>\n

Background:<\/h3>\n

The case arose out of a land dispute between the parties who were boundary holders of properties situated adjacent to each other. The respondents alleged that on 13-8-2022 the petitioners and their domestic help came to their house and started breaking down the brick wall and assaulted them. Subsequently, an FIR was registered against the petitioners under Sections 447<\/a>, 323<\/a>, 354<\/a>, 442<\/a>, 448<\/a>, 452<\/a>, 351<\/a>, 426<\/a>, 120B<\/a> and 34<\/a> IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Later, through a Compromise Deed the parties had settled their respective claims over the suit land and resolved their civil dispute amicably. Further, on 4-2-2025, a Settlement Deed\/Agreement was executed between the parties, affirming they had jointly agreed not to pursue the matter to maintain cordial relations with each. Since, some of the offences under which the petitioners were booked and charged were non-compoundable, they urged the Court to exercise its jurisdiction under Section 528<\/a> BNSS<\/a> to quash the FIR to secure the ends of justice and prevent abuse of the process of the Court.<\/p>\n

The respondents did not object to the prayers made by the petitioners, as the parties had amicably resolved their differences, which had essentially arisen out of a civil dispute. However, they raised the issue of maintainability of the petition, stating that instead of filing the said petition under Section 528<\/a> BNSS<\/a>, it ought to have been filed under Section 482<\/a> of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973<\/a> (\u2018CrPC\u2019), in view of the fact that the BNSS came into force on 1-7-2024, whereas the FIR sought to be quashed is dated 16-8-2022.<\/p>\n

Analysis and Decision:<\/h3>\n

The Court, while addressing the argument regarding the correct provision of law that ought to have been invoked in present case, observed that any appeal, application, trial, inquiry, or investigation instituted on or after 1-7-2024 had to be considered under the provisions of the BNSS, however if any appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation was pending when the BNSS came into force, then such matters should be disposed of, continued, held or made as per the provisions of the CrPC<\/a>. The Court referred Prince vs. State of Govt of NCT of Delhi<\/span>, 2024 SCC Online Del 4909<\/a>, wherein it was held that since the petition had been filed after 1-7-2024, it ought to have been filed under the BNSS and not the CrPC<\/a>.<\/span> The Court, therefore found no error in the present petition filed under Section 528<\/a> BNSS<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The Court emphasised that it was clear that the FIR and the proceedings were the outcome of the civil dispute between the parties, which had now been settled through decrees passed in civil suits and a mutual agreement not to pursue the criminal matter. The Court further relied on Gian Singh vs. State of Punjab<\/span>, (2012) 10 SCC 303<\/a>, wherein it was held that certain offences which bore a civil flavour arising out of civil, mercantile, commercial, financial, partnership, matrimony, or family disputes, and where the wrong was basically between the victim and the offender, and the victim had settled all disputes between them amicably, irrespective of the fact that such offences had not been made compoundable, the High Court might, within the framework of its inherent power quash the criminal proceeding, criminal complaint, or FIR if it was satisfied that there was hardly any likelihood of the offender being convicted, and that by not quashing the criminal proceedings, justice would be a casualty and the ends of justice would be defeated.<\/p>\n

The Court, therefore, allowed the petition and held that the matter between the disputing parties had indubitably arisen out of a civil dispute between them as neighbours, which was a fit case where this Court could exercise its jurisdiction under Section 528<\/a> BNSS<\/a> and thereby, quashed the FIR and the proceedings.<\/p>\n

[Deepam Pradhan v. Krishna Kumari Bhandari, 2025 SCC Online Sikk 53<\/a>, decided on 2-6-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n

\n

Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n

For the Petitioners:<\/span> Rahul Rathi, Advocate<\/p>\n

For the Respondents:<\/span> M. N. Dhungel, Advocate \u2014 Respondents 1 and 2.<\/p>\n

Yadev Sharma, Additional Public Prosecutor with Sujan Sunwar, Assistant Public Prosecutor \u2014 Respondent-State.<\/p>\n

Buy Penal Code, 1860 \u00a0 HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"penal<\/a><\/p>\n

Buy Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 \u00a0HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"Code<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Court was deciding the issue of maintainability of a petition, wherein it was argued that instead of filing the petition under Section 528 BNSS, it ought to have been filed under Section 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (‘CrPC’), as the BNSS came into force on 1-7-2024, whereas the FIR was filed in 2022.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":353069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[7111,85089,31750,85087,85088,83810,37566,85085,85086,33068,85084,77387,31697,30788],"class_list":["post-353066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-amicable-settlement","tag-civil-dispute-settlement","tag-compromise-deed","tag-criminal-case-quash","tag-criminal-proceedings-quash","tag-fir-quash","tag-justice-meenakshi-madan-rai","tag-land-dispute-settlement","tag-mutual-agreement","tag-non-compoundable-offence","tag-section-482-ipc","tag-section-528-bnss","tag-settlement-agreement","tag-sikkim-high-court"],"yoast_head":"\nCrPC or BNSS: Applicability of S. 528 BNSS or S. 482 CrPC explained | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"CrPC or BNSS: Understand the applicability of Section 528 BNSS or Section 482 CrPC through this Sikkim High Court ruling\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/07\/10\/sik-hc-crpc-or-bnss-section-528-section-482\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Section 528 BNSS or Section 482 CrPC? 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The learned counsels for both the parties, Mr Mani Kumar for\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":227378,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/03\/20\/hp-hc-high-court-has-inherent-power-under-s-482-crpc-to-quash-fir-even-in-non-compoundable-cases-due-to-amicable-settlement-not-to-be-exercised-in-cases-of-heinous-nature\/","url_meta":{"origin":353066,"position":2},"title":"HP HC | High Court has inherent power under S. 482 CrPC to quash FIR even in non compoundable cases due to amicable settlement; Not to be exercised in cases of heinous nature","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"March 20, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Himachal Pradesh High Court: Sandeep Sharma, J. allowed the petition observing that High Court has inherent power to quash criminal proceedings even in non compoundable cases, but such power is to be exercised sparingly and with great caution. The brief facts of the case are that the respondent 2\/complainant, namely\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":217816,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/08\/08\/ker-hc-criminal-proceedings-initiated-for-non-compoundable-offences-can-be-quashed-by-invoking-power-under-s-482-crpc\/","url_meta":{"origin":353066,"position":3},"title":"Ker HC | Criminal proceedings initiated for non-compoundable offences can be quashed by invoking power under S. 482 CrPC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"August 8, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Kerala High Court: R. Narayana Pishardi, J. allowed a petition seeking the quashing of prosecution proceedings in view of the settlement of the matter between the petitioners and the respondent. The petitioners and some other persons had trespassed into the second respondent's property and threatened her and committed theft of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":299993,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/08\/24\/delhi-hc-issues-guidelines-mediators-tobe-followed-while-settlement-agreements-heinous-crimes\/","url_meta":{"origin":353066,"position":4},"title":"Delhi High Court issues guidelines for mediators to be followed while recording mediation settlements in heinous crimes","author":"Arunima","date":"August 24, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Settlement of non-compoundable offences through mediated settlement agreements is not permissible. Even otherwise, to permit the accused and complainant to compromise an offence on payment of money, in session triable serious criminal cases which attracts punishment up to life, cannot be subject matter of mediated settlement agreements.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"delhi high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":335174,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/11\/14\/delhi-high-court-quashes-fir-madhuri-jain-grover-economic-offenses-case-settlement-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":353066,"position":5},"title":"Delhi High Court quashes FIR against Madhuri Jain Grover, wife of Ashneer Grover, in economic offences case after settlement","author":"Arunima","date":"November 14, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The decision follows a settlement between the parties and the withdrawal of civil proceedings.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Delhi High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/353066","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=353066"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/353066\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/353069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=353066"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=353066"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=353066"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}