{"id":352998,"date":"2025-07-10T11:30:08","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T06:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=352998"},"modified":"2025-07-15T09:53:39","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T04:23:39","slug":"bombay-hc-orders-fir-dalit-law-student-custodial-death","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/07\/10\/bombay-hc-orders-fir-dalit-law-student-custodial-death\/","title":{"rendered":"Bombay HC orders FIR in Dalit law student’s custodial death after arrest in 2024 protest over atrocities on Hindus in Bangladesh"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Bombay High Court:<\/span> A writ petition was filed by the mother of the deceased (\u2018petitioner\u2019) seeking registration of a first information report(\u2018FIR\u2019) under the relevant provisions of the Nyaya Sanhita, 2023<\/a> (\u2018BNS\u2019) and Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989<\/a> (\u2018Atrocities Act\u2019), against the police officers allegedly responsible for the custodial death of her son (\u2018deceased\u2019), who was arrested for protesting against the alleged atrocities committed against Hindus in Bangladesh in 2024.<\/p>\n

The Division Bench of Vibha Kankanwadi*<\/span> and Sanjay A. Deshmukh, JJ., held that the police failed in their duty by not filing an FIR even after a complaint was submitted by the petitioner. Accordingly, the Court directed the registration of the FIR.<\/p>\n

Background:<\/h3>\n

The incident stemmed from a peaceful protest organised by the Hindu Sakal Samaj Morcha<\/span> on 10-12-2024 in Parbhani, against atrocities allegedly committed against Hindus in Bangladesh The petitioner alleged that adequate police security was not deployed there despite the antecedents of hate speech. The situation escalated when a person present there vandalized a replica of Indian Constitution, triggering another protest on 11-12-2024, which turned violent. Following this, the police started arresting peaceful protesters by entering their houses, wherein over 50 youths and women, including the deceased, were arrested after beating them.<\/p>\n

The deceased, a 35-year-old M.A. B.Ed. and a final year law student of the 5-year course, was among those arrested. The petitioner claimed that the arrest was unlawful and that her son was brutally assaulted while in police custody He was produced before the Magistrate on 12-12-2024 and was taken into police custody for two days where he was brutally assaulted. On 14-12-2024, he was again produced before the Magistrate, in a much worse situation, after which he was transferred to judicial custody. On 15-12-2024, around 06:49 a.m., the deceased passed away in judicial custody. The police informed the petitioner that he died of heart attack.<\/p>\n

The petitioner alleged that she was offered Rs 50 lakh for not filing the complaint, but she requested justice. She was also pressurized to perform the last rites in Latur, but they were performed in Parbhani itself. She then lodged a complaint that the deceased died of torture in police custody. Initially, the inquiry was conducted by the local police, but thereafter the State Government ordered the State CID to take up the case.<\/p>\n

The final post-mortem report was submitted to Judicial Magistrate First Class, Parbhani who after the mandatory inquiry under Section 196<\/a> of the Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023<\/a> (\u2018BNSS\u2019) submitted it to the Principal District and Sessions Judge, Parbhani which was then forwarded to the Registrar of this Court. The Judicial Magistrate First Class had examined many co-accused and the OPD papers and concluded that there was \u2018gross violation of human rights\u2019.<\/p>\n

It was contended by the petitioner that the deceased and other protestors were falsely charged and he pointed out that in the videos of the protest site, the deceased was keeping calm and there was no overt act on his part to indulge in criminal activity, but still he was arrested and assaulted. He further stated that the CID continued its probe without treating the matter as a cognizable crime and prolonged the investigation.<\/p>\n

Apart from the direction to register the FIR, the petitioner also asked the Court to:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Order criminal action against the police officers responsible,<\/li>\n
  2. Take action for outraging the modesty of women in custody,<\/li>\n
  3. Suspend the officers involved, and<\/li>\n
  4. \n

    Issue proper guidelines for handling custodial death cases after a judicial inquiry.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The respondent\u2019s counsel, however, stated that the deceased complained of chest pain and was taken to the hospital at 06:30 a.m. on 15-12-2024. But he was declared dead at 06:49 a.m. He submitted that an inquiry by CID was still going on and no direction of FIR registration could be given unless the inquiry was complete, and it was concluded that a cognizable offence was made out.<\/p>\n

    Analysis and Decision:<\/h3>\n

    The Court pointed out that the deceased, when produced before the Magistrate, made no complaint regarding the ill treatment by the police. It was also noted that the inquiry conducted by the Magistrate under Section 196<\/a> BNSS<\/a> was very detailed and the report stated that the deceased died of \u2018shock following multiple injuries\u2019 and that there were 24 visible injuries caused between few hours to four days before death.<\/p>\n

    The Court opined that there were prima facie material-on-record i.e., inquest panchanama, postmortem report, report of Judicial Magistrate First Class under Section 196<\/a> BNSS<\/a> and the complaint application by the petitioner which concluded that a cognizable office was committed and, therefore, the State ought to have registered the FIR.<\/p>\n

    The Court referred to Lalita Kumari<\/span> v. Government of U.P.<\/span>, (2014) 2 SCC 1<\/a>, wherein it was held that when a cognizable offence was disclosed based on a complaint application, the police were duty bound to register the FIR and take up the investigation.<\/p>\n

    The Court passed an interim order and directed the police to register the FIR based on the complaint application given by the petitioner and to handover the investigation to a police officer of the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police. The Court further cleared it out that since the case was at the preliminary stage, for the rest of the prayers, the writ petition would be kept pending and listed the matter for further consideration on 30-7-2025.<\/p>\n

    [Vijayabai Vyankat Suryawanshi v. State of Maharashtra, 2025 SCC OnLine Bom 2588<\/a>, decided on 4-7-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n

    *Judgment authored by: Justice Vibha Kankanwadi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n

    Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n

    For the Petitioner:<\/span> Prakash Ambedkar, Advocate i\/b M. B. Sandanshiv, Advocate.<\/p>\n

    For the Respondents:<\/span> A. B. Girase, Public Prosecutor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    “In respect of offences that occur against a person in police custody or custodial death, the stand to be taken by this Court should be different. Being the protectors of the constitutional rights of a citizen, who by virtue of the order passed in a judicial process, is in the custody, then if his constitutional rights are violated by an officer or any other citizen in jail, then at this prima facie stage, we say that the Court’s interference is required.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":353003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[2569,37976,33741,32315,85044,2651,85046,85048,27054,79392,71795,85047,30521,85045,37975],"class_list":["post-352998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Bombay_High_Court","tag-brutal-assault","tag-cognizable-offence","tag-custodial-death","tag-dalit-law-student","tag-hate_speech","tag-hindu-sakal-samaj-morcha","tag-inhuman-atrocities","tag-judicial-custody","tag-justice-sanjay-a-deshmukh","tag-justice-vibha-kankanwadi","tag-peaceful-protests","tag-police-custody","tag-register-fir","tag-torture-in-police-custody"],"yoast_head":"\nBombay HC Orders FIR in Dalit Law Student's Custodial Death | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta 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438 CrPC] Bombay High Court | Abuses given on phone cannot be said to be within public view to attract the ingredients of offence punishable under Atrocities Act","author":"Editor","date":"January 28, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"When a law-abiding citizen is adopting legal procedure and has gone to the Police Station to lodge a report, but his report has not been taken, then, such a person\/s deserves to be protected. When prima facie the offences are not attracting the provisions under the Atrocities Act, there was\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Bombay-High-Court-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":216440,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/07\/03\/bihar-custodial-deaths-of-2-men-sc-refuses-to-entertain-plea-seeking-sit-probe\/","url_meta":{"origin":352998,"position":1},"title":"Bihar Custodial deaths of 2 men: SC refuses to entertain plea seeking SIT probe","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"July 3, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The 3-judge bench of Ranjan Gogoi, CJ and Deepak Gupta and Aniruddha Bose, JJ has refused to entertain the plea seeking SIT probe in the custodial deaths of two men in Bihar\u2019s Sitamarhi. The order reads, \u201cWe are not inclined to entertain these petitions under Article 32 of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":251713,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/07\/26\/custodial-death\/","url_meta":{"origin":352998,"position":2},"title":"[Custodial Death] Utt HC | Fair investigation and fair trial are necessary ingredients of right to life; Court orders transfer in the case of custodial death to CBI","author":"Editor","date":"July 26, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Uttaranchal High Court: Ravindra Maithani, J., decided on a petition which was filed seeking transfer of investigation in the case arising out from FIR No. 261 of 2021, under Section 302 Penal Code, 1860, Police Station Haldwani, District Nainital from Police to Central Bureau of Investigation (\u201cCBI\u201d). The petitioner, on\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":378755,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/03\/18\/bombay-hc-sets-aside-16-year-old-case-against-lawyer\/","url_meta":{"origin":352998,"position":3},"title":"Bombay HC sets aside 16-year-old case against lawyer, rules allegations fail to meet IPC and SC\/ST Atrocities Act requirements","author":"Soumya Yadav","date":"March 18, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cTo attract Section 3(1)(r), Atrocities Act, the FIR or material on record needed to show that the petitioner intentionally insulted or intimidated the respondent and that he did so with the intent to humiliate the respondent at a place within public view.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"16-year-old case against lawyer","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/16-year-old-case-against-lawyer.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/16-year-old-case-against-lawyer.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/16-year-old-case-against-lawyer.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/16-year-old-case-against-lawyer.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":273516,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/09\/12\/bombay-high-court-mohan-delkar-suicide-praful-khoda-patel-and-eight-others-fir-quashed-legal-news-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":352998,"position":4},"title":"MP Mohan Delkar Suicide| Why Bombay High Court quashed FIRs against Dadra and Nagar Haveli UT Administrator Praful Khoda Patel and 8 others","author":"Editor","date":"September 12, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: While deliberating upon the instant writ petitions for quashment of FIR registered in connection with the suicide of prominent tribal leader Mohanbhai Sanjibhai Delkar,(MP, Dadra and Nagar Haveli), the Division Bench of Prasanna B. Varale and Shrikant D. Kulkarni, JJ., exercised their powers under Section 482 of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Bombay High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":295532,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/06\/28\/delhi-high-court-upholds-conviction-custodial-death-by-police-officials-legal-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":352998,"position":5},"title":"[Custodial Death] Delhi High Court upholds conviction of police officers for causing death of a 26-year-old boy accused of robbery","author":"Arunima","date":"June 28, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Supreme Court in State of M.P. v. Shyamsunder Trivedi, (1995) 4 SCC 262 observed that, it would be police officials alone who can only explain the circumstances in which a person in their custody had died.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"delhi high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/delhi-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=352998"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352998\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/353003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=352998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=352998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=352998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}