{"id":351058,"date":"2025-06-20T11:00:28","date_gmt":"2025-06-20T05:30:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=351058"},"modified":"2025-06-24T18:08:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-24T12:38:03","slug":"mere-possibility-of-contrary-view-doesnt-justify-reversal-of-acquittal-raj-hc-upholds-acquittal-in-dowry-death-case-scc-times","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/06\/20\/mere-possibility-of-contrary-view-doesnt-justify-reversal-of-acquittal-raj-hc-upholds-acquittal-in-dowry-death-case-scc-times\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Mere possibility of contrary view doesn\u2019t justify reversal of acquittal\u2019; Rajasthan High Court upholds acquittal in Dowry Death case"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Rajasthan High Court:<\/span> In an appeal filed by State of Rajasthan challenging the Additional Sessions Judge\u2019s judgment of acquittal under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">302<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Penal code, 1860<\/a> (IPC) pertaining to murder and dowry death, but convicted the accused under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">498-A<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> for cruelty, a Division Bench of Sunil Beniwal and <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Dr. Pushpendra Singh Bhati,*<\/span> JJ., upheld the acquittal of the accused under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">302<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> as prosecution failed to prove its case beyond reasonable doubt. The Court reiterated that in appeals against acquittal, the appellate court must respect plausible views taken by the trial court unless they are perverse or manifestly illegal.<\/p>\n<h3>Brief Facts<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In the instant matter, the complainant\u2019s daughter was married to respondent approximately 11 months before the incident. According to a written complaint filed on 04-04-2007, the complainant\u2019s daughter was subjected to dowry-related harassment by her husband, mother-in-law and sister-in-law. Three months after marriage, her daughter returned to her paternal home due to such harassment. Two months prior to the incident, following an assurance by a relative and the in-laws that no further dowry demands or cruelty would occur, her daughter returned to her matrimonial home.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On 03-04-2007 at around 8:30 p.m., the complainant received information that her daughter had been set on fire by the accused. She was admitted to the hospital. Before her death, she allegedly named the accused as perpetrators. A case was registered under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">498-A<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>. Later, Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">302<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> was added. After the trial, the trial court acquitted the accused under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">302<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> but convicted them under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">498-A<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>. The State of Rajasthan preferred this appeal against the acquittal.<\/p>\n<h3>Moot Points<\/h3>\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\">\n<li>Whether the acquittal of the accused under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">302<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> justified?<\/li>\n<li>Whether the circumstantial evidence sufficiently proved the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt?<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Whether the judgment of the trial court suffered from any legal perversity warranting reversal?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Parties\u2019 Contentions<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The prosecution contended that the trial court erred in acquitting the accused under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">302<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> despite convicting them under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">498-A<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> on the same set of evidence. It was contended that the witnesses, including father, mother, sister and relative, consistently testified about the dowry demands and cruelty. The prosecution emphasised that the testimony and statement under Section 164 CrPC by the deceased pointed to homicide, not suicide.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">However, the respondents argued that the deceased\u2019s Section 164 CrPC statement was uncorroborated and lacked medical certification of her mental fitness, rendering it unreliable. It was emphasised that the accused themselves took the deceased to the hospital, indicating no <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">mens rea<\/span>. It was argued that no eyewitness was presented, and the postmortem report revealed no signs of struggle, thereby supporting the theory of suicide. It was lastly contended that following a compromise two months before the incident, there was no evidence of any fresh dowry demand or cruelty \u201csoon before\u201d her death, an essential ingredient under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Court\u2019s Observations<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court observed that after appreciation of the evidence, the trial court found sufficient ground to convict the accused under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">498-A<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>, acknowledging the existence of cruelty in the marital relationship.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted the lack of direct or ocular evidence and observed that the case under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">302<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> rested entirely on circumstantial evidence. The Court noted that the deceased\u2019s statement under Section 164 CrPC lacked corroboration and was unsupported by a medical fitness certificate, especially considering her critical burn condition.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 1%;\">The Court relied upon the five golden principles laid down by the Supreme Court in <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Sharad Birdhichand Sarda<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Maharashtra<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/FL6d5497\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(1984) 4 SCC 116<\/a>, to assess circumstantial evidence and found that \u2014<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%; margin-left: 36pt; font-weight: bold;\">\u201cThe prosecution has failed to establish a complete and unbroken chain of circumstances which could irresistibly point towards the guilt of the accused-respondents.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 1%;\">Further, on the applicability of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>, the Court relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Satbir Singh<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Haryana<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/a78OM218\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(2021) 6 SCC 1<\/a> and observed that the term \u201csoon before\u201d necessitates a \u201cproximate and live link\u201d between cruelty and death. The Court stated that the testimonies did not convincingly establish cruelty or dowry demands \u201csoon before\u201d the death, a sine qua non for a conviction under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>. The Court held that essential ingredients of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>, particularly the requirement of cruelty \u201csoon before death\u201d, are not satisfied.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%; margin-left: 36pt; font-weight: bold;\">\u201cNo specific or cogent evidence has been brought on record to show that any demand of dowry or act of cruelty occurred subsequent to that compromise and proximate to the death of the deceased.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court referred to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Mallappa<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Karnataka<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/oC4oq6Z8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(2024) 3 SCC 544<\/a> and <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Babu Sahebagouda Rudragoudar<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Karnataka<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/0yUUU2Ko\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(2024) 8 SCC 149<\/a> and reiterated that an acquittal can only be reversed if the trial court\u2019s findings are perverse, based on misreading of evidence, or result in miscarriage of justice.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court asserted that the scope of interference in the acquittal order passed by trial court is very limited, if all the evidence is thoroughly analysed and the court arrives at a legally plausible view. The Court asserted that <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">\u201cmere possibility of a contrary view shall not justify the reversal of acquittal.\u201d<\/span> The Court held that <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">\u201cthe impugned judgment deserves no interference by this Court in the instant appeal.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Court\u2019s Decision<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court held that the prosecution failed to prove its case under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">302<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">304-B<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> beyond reasonable doubt and upheld the trial court\u2019s judgment of acquittal. The Court directed the accused to furnish bail bonds of Rs. 25,000\/- each under Section 437-A CrPC to secure their presence in case of further appeal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Rajasthan<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Jadawali<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/CU1PQDh4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Raj 2690<\/a>, Decided on 16-06-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Judgment by Justice Dr. Pushpendra Singh Bhati<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Mr. Ramesh Dewasi, PP, Counsel for the Appellant<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Mr. Vikram Choudhary, Counsel for the Respondents<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Penal Code, 1860 \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294601\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"penal code, 1860\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;Scope of interference in the acquittal order passed by the Trial Court is very limited, and if the impugned judgment of the Trial Court demonstrates a legally plausible view, mere possibility of a contrary view shall not justify the reversal of acquittal.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67514,"featured_media":314824,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[83780,3433,6711,2557,6691,67827,83779,83781,48772,29587,38461,2575,45055,30765,34190,31299,57123],"class_list":["post-351058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-appellate-interference","tag-circumstantial_evidence","tag-criminal-law","tag-Criminal_Trial","tag-dowry-death","tag-justice-dr-pushpendra-singh-bhati","tag-justice-sunil-beniwal","tag-link-in-chain-of-events","tag-matrimonial-cruelty","tag-presumption-of-innocence","tag-proof-beyond-reasonable-doubt","tag-Rajasthan_High_Court","tag-reversal-of-acquittal","tag-section-302-ipc","tag-section-304-b-ipc","tag-section-498-a-ipc","tag-soon-before-death"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u2018Mere possibility of contrary view doesn\u2019t justify reversal of acquittal\u2019; 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Rajasthan High Court upholds acquittal in Dowry Death case\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ritu\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/20\\\/mere-possibility-of-contrary-view-doesnt-justify-reversal-of-acquittal-raj-hc-upholds-acquittal-in-dowry-death-case-scc-times\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/20\\\/mere-possibility-of-contrary-view-doesnt-justify-reversal-of-acquittal-raj-hc-upholds-acquittal-in-dowry-death-case-scc-times\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ritu\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/392f265bae2f48f0f0d02b8e0e9015b9\"},\"headline\":\"\u2018Mere possibility of contrary view doesn\u2019t justify reversal of acquittal\u2019; 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