{"id":351025,"date":"2025-06-19T16:45:22","date_gmt":"2025-06-19T11:15:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=351025"},"modified":"2025-06-25T10:14:30","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T04:44:30","slug":"patna-high-court-quashed-national-anthem-insult-allegations-against-nitish-kumar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/06\/19\/patna-high-court-quashed-national-anthem-insult-allegations-against-nitish-kumar\/","title":{"rendered":"Patna High Court quashes case against Bihar CM Nitish Kumar over alleged disrespect to National Anthem during \u2018Sepak Takraw\u2019 World Cup inauguration"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Patna High Court:<\/span> In a petition filed under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804270\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">528<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023<\/a> (\u2018BNSS\u2019) filed by Nitish Kumar, Chief Minister, Bihar, to quash the complaint case for insulting the National Anthem while inaugurating the World Cup event of \u2018Sepak takraw\u2019, the Single Judge Bench of Chandra Shekhar Jha, J., held that the allegations were completely baseless and frivolous and filed to gain cheap popularity in politics by tarnishing the image of Nitish Kumar. Hence, the Court quashed the complaint case and the notice issued thereunder.<\/p>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On 20-03-2025, while watching the broadcast of the inauguration of the event of the World Cup \u2018Sepak Takraw\u2019, the complainant observed that during the singing of the National Anthem, Nitish Kumar was smiling, talking, and disturbing a person standing next to him. He was also seen assuming the posture of \u2018Pranaam\u2019.. The complainant considered this conduct during the playing of the National Anthem to be offensive and disrespectful, amounting to an offence punishable under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/H5f7hScu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 3 of the Prevention of Insult to National Honour Act, 1971<\/a> (\u20181971 Act\u2019) , which deeply hurt the sentiments of the complainant. Pursuant to the complaint, a case was registered against Nitish Kumar and a notice was issued to him as being the \u2018proposed accused\u2019 as per <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Cr7F1W4r\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 223 of the BNSS<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">After perusing <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Cr7F1W4r\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 233 of the BNSS<\/a> , the Court noted that when a magistrate takes cognizance of an offense, the complainant and any witnesses present must be examined under oath. Exceptions to this requirement include complaints made in writing by a public servant in their official capacity, complaints made by a court, or cases transferred by a magistrate under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Cr7F1W4r\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 212 of the BNSS<\/a>. Further, if the magistrate transferring the case has already examined the complainant and witnesses, the later magistrate need not examine them again. The Court held that the magistrate\u2019s decision to proceed and issue a notice to Nitish Kumar as a \u2018proposed accused\u2019, without first examining the complainant under oath or any prosecution witnesses, was unfounded and misconceived. In this regard, the Court referred to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Suby Antony<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Judicial First-Class Magistrate-III<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Fmz9oYC7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Ker 532<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court observed that while issuing the notice dated 04-04-2025 to Nitish Kumar as the \u201cproposed accused,\u201d his conduct was distinguished from that of his officials. For this reason, Nitish Kumar was, prima facie, not treated as a public servant. Consequently, the Trial Court held that Section 218 of the BNSS was not applicable in the present case. The Court further said that the duty hours of a Chief Minister or, for that purpose, any minister of the Government cannot be limited to their official work time only as they undertake various additional responsibilities including attending public events, meetings and conferences, many of which may be scheduled beyond regular working hours like the inaugural function of World Cup Sepak takraw which Nitish Kumar attended in the capacity of being the Chief Minister of the State. Therefore, the Court noted that Nitish Kumar was acting in the capacity of a public servant and hence the prior sanction protection under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Cr7F1W4r\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 218 of the BNSS<\/a> was to be extended to him.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In this regard, the Courtreferred to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">G.C. Manjunath<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Seetaram<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7RwBq4T6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine SC 718<\/a>, wherein the Supreme Court,had observed that the principle governing the necessity of prior sanction stands well crystallized. The pivotal inquiry is whether the impugned act is reasonably connected to the discharge of official duty. If the act is wholly unconnected or manifestly devoid of any nexus to the official functions of the public servant, the requirement of sanction is obviated.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court highlighted that the complainant himself has admitted that Nitish Kumar was in \u2018Pranaam\u2019 mudra and was smiling at the time of the National Anthem, which showed only respect for the National Anthem and by any prudent imagination could not be construed as an insult to the same.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On the issue of Nitish Kumar disturbing the person standing next to him, the Court said that the non-disclosure of the person\u2019s name in the complaint petition made the allegation completely baseless and frivolous, to gain cheap popularity in politics by tarnishing the image of Nitish Kumar, who has been the Chief Minister of the State since 2005.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court referred to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Bijoe Emmanuel<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Kerala<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/PP3DqSf9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(1986) 3 SCC 615<\/a>, wherein the Supreme Court had held that the expulsion of the three children from the school for the reason that because of their conscientiously held religious faith, they do not join the singing of the National Anthem in the morning assembly in school even though they always stood up respectfully for the same was a violation of their fundamental right \u201cto freedom of conscience and freely to profess, practice and propagate religion\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court, for the abovementioned reasons, held that the complaint and the notice issued therein were contrary to established principles of law and ignored the legal provisions as available under Sections 223 and 226 of the BNSS. Hence, the Court quashed the entire complaint proceeding against Nitish Kumar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Nitish Kumar v. The State of Bihar, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/EYP9H06X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Pat 2212<\/a>, decided on 17-06-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the petitioner:<\/span> P.K. Shahi, Sr. Advocate (AG), Amish Kumar, Sanjiv Kumar, Nausheen Fatma, Atul Anjan, Advocates<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the respondent:<\/span> Bhanu Pratap Singh, APP, Akash Shankar, Advocate<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">Patna High Court held that smiling and merely folding hands in Pranaam Mudra in standing position could not be construed by any prudent imagination to be an insult to the National Anthem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":316104,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[83753,83751,10891,20051,7441,83754,83756,83757,83758,83755,83752],"class_list":["post-351025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-insult-to-national-anthem","tag-justice-chandra-shekhar-jha","tag-national-anthem","tag-nitish-kumar","tag-patna-high-court","tag-prevention-of-insult-to-national-honour-act","tag-section-212-of-bnss","tag-section-218-of-bnss","tag-section-226-of-bnss","tag-section-233-of-bnss","tag-sepak-takraw-world-cup"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Patna High Court quashes case 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Kumar wins the JD(U) battle over Party name and Symbol","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"November 17, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Election Commission of India: Settling the controversy that arose after Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar ended his \u2018Mahagathbandhan\u2019 i.e. the alliance with the non-BJP parties and decided to join hands with BJP, the Election Commission of India (EC) held that the group led by Nitish Kumar has demonstrated overwhelming majority\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ElectionCommission.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ElectionCommission.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, 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28-year-old murder case holding that the prosecution against him was mala fide, untenable and solely intended to harass him. 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You are a total stranger who is unnecessarily interfering\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Hot Off The Press&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":267766,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/06\/02\/7-judicial-officers-appointed-as-judges-of-patna-high-court\/","url_meta":{"origin":351025,"position":3},"title":"7 Judicial Officers appointed as Judges of Patna High Court","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 2, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"President appoints S\/Shri (i) Shailendra Singh, (ii) Arun Kumar Jha, (iii) Jitendra Kumar, (iv) Alok Kumar Pandey, (v) Sunil Dutta Mishra, (vi) Chandra Prakash Singh, and (vii) Chandra Shekhar Jha, to be Judges of the Patna High Court, in that order of seniority, with effect from the date they assume\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Appointments &amp; Transfers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Appointments &amp; Transfers","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/appointments\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":266573,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/05\/07\/proposal-for-elevation-of-7-judicial-officers-as-judges-in-patna-high-court-supreme-court-collegium\/","url_meta":{"origin":351025,"position":4},"title":"Proposal for elevation of 7 Judicial Officers as Judges in Patna High Court: SC Collegium approves","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"May 7, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The Supreme Court Collegium has approved the proposal for the elevation of the following Judicial Officers as Judges in the Patna High Court: 1. Shri Shailendra Singh, 2. Shri Arun Kumar Jha, 3. Shri Jitendra Kumar, 4. Shri Alok Kumar Pandey, 5. Shri Sunil Dutta Mishra, 6. Shri Chandra Prakash\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Appointments &amp; Transfers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Appointments &amp; Transfers","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/appointments\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":222099,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/11\/14\/del-hc-violation-of-authorship-rights-case-summoning-bihar-cm-nitish-kumar-as-plaintiff-witness-held-not-in-interest-of-justice\/","url_meta":{"origin":351025,"position":5},"title":"Del HC | Violation of Authorship Rights Case | Summoning Bihar CM Nitish Kumar as plaintiff witness, held, not in interest of justice","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 14, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court: V. Kameswara Rao, J., dismissed the present petition in respect to the appearance of Nitish Kumar, Chief Minister of Bihar, as a witness in the copyright infringement matter regarding the violation to authorship rights of the literary work titled as \u201cSpecial Category Status: A Case for Bihar\u201d.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=351025"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351025\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/316104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=351025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=351025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=351025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}