{"id":346198,"date":"2025-04-21T11:00:50","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T05:30:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=346198"},"modified":"2025-04-24T09:38:38","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T04:08:38","slug":"bombc-upholds-conviction-of-two-members-of-chhota-rajan-gang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/04\/21\/bombc-upholds-conviction-of-two-members-of-chhota-rajan-gang\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Injury to witness is an inbuilt guarantee of his presence at crime scene\u2019; Bombay HC upholds conviction of two members of Chhota Rajan gang"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Bombay High Court:<\/span> While considering the appellants&#8217; challenge to the judgment and order dated 25-4-2022 passed by the Special Judge (Exclusive Special Court) whereby the appellants were convicted for the offences punishable under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\">302<\/a><a id=\"fnref1\" href=\"#fn1\" title=\"1. Corresponding Section 103(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (&#8216;BNS, 2023&#8217;)\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561614\" target=\"_blank\">307<\/a><a id=\"fnref2\" href=\"#fn2\" title=\"2. Section 109 of BNS, 2023\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561635\" target=\"_blank\">326<\/a><a id=\"fnref3\" href=\"#fn3\" title=\"3. Section 118(2) of BNS, 2023\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561375\" target=\"_blank\">120-B<\/a><a id=\"fnref4\" href=\"#fn4\" title=\"4. Section 61 of BNS, 2023\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561652\" target=\"_blank\">34<\/a><a id=\"fnref5\" href=\"#fn5\" title=\"5. Section 3(5) of BNS, 2023\"><sup>5<\/sup><\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (&#8216;IPC&#8217;) and Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001567306\" target=\"_blank\">27<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002775593\" target=\"_blank\">Arms Act, 1959<\/a> (&#8216;the 1959 Act&#8217;); the Division Bench of Revati Mohite Dere and <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Neela Gokhale*<\/span>, JJ., confirmed the conviction and sentence awarded to the appellants and held that observations of the trial Court regarding reliability of the eye witnesses testimony, the corroborative evidence, etc., were compelling and did not warrant any interference. The Court opined that injury to the witness was an inbuilt guarantee of his presence at the scene of the crime because the witness would not want to let his actual assailant go unpunished, merely to falsely implicate a third party for the commission of the offence.<\/p>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On 13-2-2010, the first informant, Mohd. Asif Mohd. Rafiq Khan along with Naushad Qureshi and Mohd. Irfan Qureshi were sitting outside Naushad&#8217;s shop. One of the deceased, Modak, reached the said shop and sat next to the first informant and while they were talking, a person came from the front side and fired at him with a revolver with an intention to kill him and because of which, the first informant received an injury on the left side of his chest. Thereafter, three other people came along with the first assailant and fired at Modak and Qureshi; the first informant, to save his life, went to his friend&#8217;s shop, who took him to Sir JJ Hospital. Similarly, Modak and Qureshi received bullet injuries and were also taken to Sir JJ Hospital, but they succumbed to their injuries.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Appellant 2, Pranay Rane, while in custody, gave a statement regarding the place where the weapon used in the present crime was kept and accordingly, the said weapon was recovered along with four live cartridges under the provisions of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001516768\" target=\"_blank\">27<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726934\" target=\"_blank\">Evidence Act, 1872<\/a>. In the meantime, separate charges were framed against Rajendra Nikalje @ Chhota Rajan, and he was directed not to be moved out of Tihar Jail, New Delhi. Thereafter, on 12-11-2010, under the orders of Additional Chief Metropolitan Magistrate (&#8216;ACMM&#8217;), 37th Court, Ballard Pier, Mumbai, the appellants were arrested.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The appellants were sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment (RI) for life with fine of Rs 8,000 each for the offences punishable under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561607\" target=\"_blank\">302<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561652\" target=\"_blank\">34<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561375\" target=\"_blank\">120-B<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a> and were sentenced to suffer RI for four months each for the offences punishable under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001516768\" target=\"_blank\">27<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726934\" target=\"_blank\">1959 Act<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis, Law, and Decision<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that the sequence narrated by eyewitness PW 1 of conducting the TIP was in consonance with the prescribed procedure and thus, this Court had no reason to disbelieve its testimony, and he had clearly identified the appellants in the TIP and before the Court.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court opined that the testimony of an injured eyewitness was accorded a special status in law. Thus, injury to the witness was an inbuilt guarantee of his presence at the scene of the crime and because the witness would not want to let his actual assailant go unpunished, merely to falsely implicate a third party for the commission of the offence.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of U.P.<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Kishan Chand<\/span>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/Members\/SearchResult.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">(2004) 7 SCC 629<\/a> and opined that, Mohd. Asif Khan, being the eyewitness, gave a graphic description of the entire incident and his presence on the spot could not be doubted as he was injured in the incident. Further, his deposition must be given due weightage and could not be brushed aside merely on the ground that either he ran away from the spot as he received injuries, or the TIP was allegedly delayed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court opined that the prosecution fairly succeeded in establishing the guilt of the appellants beyond reasonable doubt based on the recovery of the weapon, evidence of the medical Doctor, panchas, and the Investigating Officer. The Court opined that the conviction could be based on the testimony of a single eyewitness and there was no rule of law or evidence which said to the contrary, provided that the said witness passes the test of reliability. The Court stated that in the present case, out of the four eyewitnesses, three eyewitnesses inspire confidence.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court opined that the impugned judgment and order was a well-reasoned and legally sound decision and the evidence on record established the guilt of the appellants beyond reasonable doubt. The Court held that observations of the trial Court regarding reliability of the eye witnesses testimony, the corroborative evidence, etc were compelling and did not warrant any interference. The Court dismissed the appeal and confirmed the conviction and sentence awarded to the appellants.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Mohd. Ali Jaan Mohd Shaikh v. State of Maharashtra, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Y95r7wX8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Bom 1224<\/a>, decided on 15-4-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Judgment authored by: Justice Neela Gokhale<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Appellant:<\/span> Nitin Sejpal, with Akshata Desai, for the Appellants.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Respondents:<\/span> P.P. Shinde, APP for Respondent 1-State; Pradip D. Gharat, Special P.P. for Respondent 2-CBI.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Penal Code, 1860 &nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"penal code, 1860\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn1\" href=\"#fnref1\">1.<\/a> Corresponding Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803438\" target=\"_blank\">103(1)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804326\" target=\"_blank\">Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023<\/a> (&#8216;BNS, 2023&#8217;)<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn2\" href=\"#fnref2\">2.<\/a> Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803444\" target=\"_blank\">109<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804326\" target=\"_blank\">BNS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn3\" href=\"#fnref3\">3.<\/a> Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803454\" target=\"_blank\">118(2)<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804326\" target=\"_blank\">BNS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn4\" href=\"#fnref4\">4.<\/a> Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803749\" target=\"_blank\">61<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804326\" target=\"_blank\">BNS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn5\" href=\"#fnref5\">5.<\/a> Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803655\" target=\"_blank\">3(5)<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804326\" target=\"_blank\">BNS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;The conviction can be based on the testimony of a single eyewitness and there is no rule of law or evidence which says to the contrary, provided that the said witness passes the test of reliability.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":314919,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[2569,81212,3468,81211,73829,73526,61746,3156],"class_list":["post-346198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Bombay_High_Court","tag-chhota-rajan-gang-members","tag-conviction","tag-crime-scene","tag-injured-witness","tag-justice-neela-gokhale","tag-justice-revati-mohite-dere","tag-murder"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u2018Injury to witness is an inbuilt guarantee of his presence at crime scene\u2019; 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SC upholds conviction in murder case","author":"Editor","date":"April 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court was quick to clarify that if prosecution was unable to prove its case on its own legs, then it won\u2019t be able to derive advantage from the weakness of the defence and the Court would not be able to convict the accused on the strength of the evidence\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Suggestion to witness by defense","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/MicrosoftTeams-image-1065.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/MicrosoftTeams-image-1065.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/MicrosoftTeams-image-1065.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/MicrosoftTeams-image-1065.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":198388,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/07\/11\/evidence-of-a-related-witness-cannot-be-discarded-fir-is-not-an-encyclopedia-sc\/","url_meta":{"origin":346198,"position":3},"title":"Evidence of a related witness cannot be discarded; 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Banumathi, J. speaking for herself and Ranjan Gogoi, J. dismissed a criminal appeal filed against the judgment of the Bombay High Court wherein the order of the trial court acquitting the appellants from the charges including Section 302 IPC was reversed. 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acquitted Chota Shakil aid of MCOCA charges at interim relief stage&#8217;; SC sets aside bail order; directs immediate surrender\u00a0","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"December 13, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The bench of MR Shah* and Sanjiv Khanna, JJ has set aside the Bombay High Court order releasing a man allegedly involved in organized crime with International Gangster Chota Shakil and has held that the High Court ought not to have released the accused on bail by way\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":297192,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/07\/19\/conviction-based-circumstantial-evidence-vouch-commitment-accused-supreme-court\/","url_meta":{"origin":346198,"position":5},"title":"\u201cTo clinch a conviction, circumstances ought to form a chain to indicate that the accused and no one else committed the crime\u201d: Supreme Court","author":"Ridhi","date":"July 19, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The instant matter related to a person killed while he was travelling with his group on scooter, allegedly by constables patrolling the village, which was investigated by the Central Bureau of Investigation (\u2018CBI\u2019).","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"conviction based on circumstantial evidence","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/conviction-based-on-circumstantial-evidence.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/conviction-based-on-circumstantial-evidence.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/conviction-based-on-circumstantial-evidence.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/conviction-based-on-circumstantial-evidence.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=346198"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346198\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/314919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=346198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=346198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=346198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}