{"id":340791,"date":"2025-02-07T17:30:54","date_gmt":"2025-02-07T12:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=340791"},"modified":"2025-02-14T09:23:46","modified_gmt":"2025-02-14T03:53:46","slug":"limitation-for-offence-punishable-under-s-498-a-ipc-commences-from-last-act-of-cruelty-bomhc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/02\/07\/limitation-for-offence-punishable-under-s-498-a-ipc-commences-from-last-act-of-cruelty-bomhc\/","title":{"rendered":"Limitation for offence punishable under Section 498-A of IPC commences from the last act of cruelty: Bombay HC"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Bombay High Court:<\/span> The applicants filed the present application invoking inherent jurisdiction of this Court under Section 482<\/a>3<\/sup><\/a> of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973<\/a> (‘CrPC’) praying to quash FIR dated 06-01-2023 registered against them with police station Killari, Latur and by way of an amendment for quashing the proceeding pending before the Judicial Magistrate First Class Ausa, Latur, for the offences punishable under Sections 498-A<\/a>, 323<\/a>4<\/sup><\/a>, 504<\/a>5<\/sup><\/a>, 506<\/a>6<\/sup><\/a> read with Section 34<\/a>7<\/sup><\/a> of the Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (‘IPC’).<\/p>\n

The Division Bench of Vibha Kankanwadi and Rohit W. Joshi*<\/span>, JJ., opined that limitation for offence punishable under Section 498-A<\/a> of IPC<\/a> shall commence from the last act of cruelty. The Court further opined that it would be in the interest of justice that cognizance of the matter should be taken although the same was barred by limitation. The Court held that Applicant 1, the husband failed to make out any case for interference and thus, refused to quash the FIR against him but quashed the FIR registered against Applicants 2 to 4.<\/p>\n

Background<\/h3>\n

Respondent 2-wife got married around the year 2011 and for around three years after the marriage till the birth of their girl child, the relations were cordial. Thereafter, the wife claimed that her husband started raising doubt about her character and he used to beat her under the influence of liquor and that he would insist upon her to get Rs 2,00,000 from her parents for the purpose of purchasing tools and apparatus for starting plumbing business. It was further alleged that when her parents had intervened, he threatened that he would kill her if she did not bring the amount from her parents and that he would not cohabit with her unless she brings the said amount.<\/p>\n

The wife stated that since her husband did not take her back from her parental home, she lodged a complaint with the Women Grievance Redressal Cell, Latur on 11-11-2022 and since the applicants did not come forward for reconciliation, she lodged the FIR on 06-01-2023, as per which the last wrongful act was dated 20-10-2019.<\/p>\n

Counsel for the applicants deserved to be quashed as it was filed beyond the period of limitation and the wife had taken resort to the criminal proceedings to settle matrimonial dispute with her husband. Whereas respondents submitted that the offence under Section 498-A<\/a> of IPC<\/a> was a continuing offence and therefore, the FIR could not be quashed on the ground of limitation.<\/p>\n

Analysis, Law, and Decision<\/h3>\n

The Court opined that the allegations that Applicants 2 to 4, i.e, the father-in-law, the brother-in-law, and the sister-in-law demanded Rs 2,00,000 along with her husband and had abused her, beaten her, and did not offer food to her to coerce and pressurize her to fulfill the demand, were clearly general, vague, and omnibus. The Court stated that the allegations against them were an attempt to implicate family members of the husband in matrimonial dispute inter-se between wife and husband.<\/p>\n

The Court opined that crime never dies was one of the basic principles of criminal law, that is, the right of state to prosecute an offender was not lost with passage of time. Section 468<\/a> of CrPC<\/a> creates an exception to this general principle of law and categorizes certain offences based on the punishment provided and fixes period of limitation for taking cognizance of such offences. The Court stated that the limitation was prescribed for offences punishable with imprisonment of up to three years and Section 498-A was an offence punishable with maximum sentence of three years. Thus, Section 468<\/a> of CrPC<\/a> applied to Section 498-A<\/a> of IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The Court opined that a conjoint reading of Sections 468<\/a> and 473<\/a>8<\/sup><\/a> of CrPC<\/a> indicate that although the limitation was prescribed for taking cognizance of certain offences, time could be extended in cases where either the delay was properly explained or when it was in the interest of justice to take cognizance of the matter despite the same being barred by limitation.<\/p>\n

The Court opined that although the offence under Section 498-A was a continuing wrong, it would not mean that limitation would continue to run perennially. The Court relied on Arun Vyas<\/span> v. Anita Vyas<\/span>, (1999) 4 SCC 690<\/a>, in which it was stated that in case of offence under Section 498-A, a new starting point of limitation started on every occasion when the wrong was committed and the period of limitation needed to be computed from the last such wrong.<\/p>\n

The Court thus opined that limitation for offence punishable under Section 498-A<\/a> of IPC<\/a> shall commence from the last act of cruelty. The offence under Section 498-A<\/a> of IPC<\/a> was a continuing offence which implied that each act of cruelty would offer a new starting point of limitation. The Court stated that the limitation for prosecution under Section 498-A did not continue for an indefinite period and such interpretation would render Section 468<\/a> of CrPC<\/a> nugatory\/otiose for the purpose of Section 498-A<\/a> of IPC<\/a> which did not appear to be the intention of legislature.<\/p>\n

The Court after considering the allegation by wife regarding ill-treatment including abuses and physical act of beating on the part of the husband for demand of dowry, the Covid-19 situation, and the principles laid down by the Supreme Court, opined that the case was made out for extension of time for taking cognizance of the offence under Section 473<\/a> of CrPC<\/a>. The Court further opined that it would be in the interest of justice that cognizance of the matter should be taken although the same was barred by limitation and need not be remitted to the Magistrate to decide the issue of limitation.<\/p>\n

The Court held that the husband failed to make out any case for interference and thus, refused to quash the FIR against him but quashed the FIR registered against Applicants 2 to 4.<\/p>\n

[Musin Babulal Thengade v. State of Maharashtra, 2025 SCC OnLine Bom 226<\/a>, decided on 29-01-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n

*Judgment authored by: Justice Rohit W. Joshi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n

For the Applicants: Gaurav L. Deshpande, Advocate<\/p>\n

For the Respondents: G. A. Kulkarni, APP for Respondent 1-State; Namita Thole, Advocate for Respondent 2 (Appointed)<\/p>\n

Buy Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973  HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"Code<\/a><\/p>\n

Buy Penal Code, 1860   HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"penal<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

1.<\/a> Corresponding Sections 85 and 86 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023<\/a> (‘BNS, 2023’)<\/p>\n

2.<\/a> Corresponding Section 514<\/a> of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023<\/a> (‘BNSS, 2023’)<\/p>\n

3.<\/a> Section 528<\/a> of BNSS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n

4.<\/a> Section 115(2)<\/a> of BNS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n

5.<\/a> Section 352<\/a> of BNS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n

6.<\/a> Sections 351(2) and 351(3)<\/a> of BNS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n

7.<\/a> Section 3(5)<\/a> of BNS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n

8.<\/a> Section 519<\/a> of BNSS, 2023<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Limitation for prosecution under Section 498-A1<\/sup><\/a> of IPC does not continue for indefinite period as such interpretation will render Section 4682<\/sup><\/a> of CrPC nugatory\/otiose for the purpose of Section 498-A of IPC which does not appear to be the legislature’s intention.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":314919,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[37825,2570,77704,71795,32057,34037,78417,31299],"class_list":["post-340791","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-bombay-hc","tag-Cruelty","tag-justice-rohit-w-joshi","tag-justice-vibha-kankanwadi","tag-limitation-period","tag-section-468-crpc","tag-section-473-crpc","tag-section-498-a-ipc"],"yoast_head":"\nLimitation for offence punishable under Section 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High Court | Mere use of the word harassment ‘mentally and physically’ not sufficient to attract ingredients of S. 498-A IPC","author":"Editor","date":"October 29, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Bombay High Court: In an application filed under Section 482 of Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) for quashing the FIR for the offences punishable under Sections 498-A, 323, 504, 506 read with Section 34 of Penal Code, 1860 (IPC), a Division Bench of Vibha Kankanwadi and Rajesh S Patil,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Bombay High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":207014,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/12\/19\/section-498-a-ipc-is-continuing-offence-wife-not-barred-to-claim-maintenance-under-dv-act-even-after-3-years\/","url_meta":{"origin":340791,"position":1},"title":"Del HC | Section 498-A IPC is continuing offence; wife not barred to claim maintenance under DV Act even after 3 years","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 19, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court:\u00a0A Single Judge Bench comprising of Mukta Gupta, J. dismissed a criminal writ petition filed by the husband praying quashing of FIR under Section 498-A IPC and complaint under Section 12 of Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 (DV Act). The grounds for seeking quashing of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":206161,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/12\/03\/law-for-laymen-section-498-a-ipc-and-allied-sections-cruelty-to-women\/","url_meta":{"origin":340791,"position":2},"title":"Cruelty to Women [S. 498-A IPC and allied sections]","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 3, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"by Tejaswi Pandit\u2020","rel":"","context":"In "Law made Easy"","block_context":{"text":"Law made Easy","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/law-made-easy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/CRUELTY-TO-WOMEN.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/CRUELTY-TO-WOMEN.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/CRUELTY-TO-WOMEN.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/CRUELTY-TO-WOMEN.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/CRUELTY-TO-WOMEN.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":219689,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/09\/18\/bom-hc-high-court-upheld-the-decision-of-trial-court-in-light-of-no-evidence-to-hold-the-charge-of-cruelty-under-s-498-a-ipc\/","url_meta":{"origin":340791,"position":3},"title":"Bom HC | High Court upheld the decision of trial court in light of no evidence to hold the charge of “cruelty” under S. 498-A IPC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 18, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: Sandeep K. Shinde, J. dismissed an appeal filed by the State against the order of acquittal by the trial court in respect to the matter pertaining to Sections 498-A and 306 of Penal Code, 1860. State preferred the present appeal under Section 378(1) of CrPC, 1973 against\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":289251,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/04\/12\/cruelty-against-married-woman-latest-supreme-court-judgments-on-498a-in-2022\/","url_meta":{"origin":340791,"position":4},"title":"Safeguarding Dignity or Misuse? Latest Supreme Court Judgments discussing Section 498-A IPC","author":"Ridhi","date":"April 12, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court continues to shape the interpretation and application of Section 498-A IPC, balancing the need to protect women from cruelty and dowry harassment with concerns over potential misuse. Recent rulings provide significant clarity on the scope and limitations of this provision, reaffirming its importance while addressing safeguards to prevent\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Law made Easy"","block_context":{"text":"Law made Easy","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/law-made-easy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Latest Supreme Court Judgment on 498-A","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Latest-Supreme-Court-Judgment-on-498-A.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Latest-Supreme-Court-Judgment-on-498-A.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Latest-Supreme-Court-Judgment-on-498-A.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Latest-Supreme-Court-Judgment-on-498-A.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":253681,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/09\/04\/section-498-a-ipc\/","url_meta":{"origin":340791,"position":5},"title":"SC allows reduction in sentence under S. 498-A IPC if husband pays Rs 3 lakh compensation to wife, children","author":"Editor","date":"September 4, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: A Division Bench of Sanjay Kishan Kaul and Hrishikesh Roy, JJ. agreed to reduce the sentence of the appellant\u2212husband convicted for offence of cruelty to woman punishable under Section 498-A IPC, if he pays Rs 3 lakh as compensation to his wife and children. The Supreme Court observed\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=340791"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340791\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/314919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=340791"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=340791"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=340791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}