{"id":340631,"date":"2025-02-06T18:00:50","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T12:30:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=340631"},"modified":"2025-02-13T09:36:40","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T04:06:40","slug":"missing-persons-cases-cant-be-brought-under-habeas-corpus-unless-illegal-detention-is-established-mp-high-court-scc-times","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/02\/06\/missing-persons-cases-cant-be-brought-under-habeas-corpus-unless-illegal-detention-is-established-mp-high-court-scc-times\/","title":{"rendered":"Missing persons cases can\u2019t be brought under Habeas Corpus, unless illegal detention is established: MP High Court"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n.animate-charcter{background-image: linear-gradient(-225deg, #231557 0%, #44107a 29%, #ff1361 67%, #fff800 100%); background-size: 200% auto; -webkit-background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; animation: textclip 0s linear infinite;}\n@keyframes textclip {to {background-position: 200% center;}}\n<\/style>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Madhya Pradesh High Court:<\/span> In a writ petition seeking issuance of a writ of habeas corpus for production of her daughter and two minor children, who went missing from Pune, a division bench of Vinay Saraf and Sanjeev Sachdeva, JJ., held that the writ of habeas corpus was not maintainable in the present case as there was no evidence of unlawful detention.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The petitioner alleged that her children were wrongfully confined. Dissatisfied with the police investigation following the missing person report filed on 05-04-2023, the petitioner approached the High Court.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court issued notices to the respondents on 25-07-2023, directing the submission of a status report. Initial status reports revealed extensive but unsuccessful search efforts across multiple states, including Odisha, Karnataka, and Chhattisgarh. On 17-01-2024, it was reported that the missing individuals had visited their parental village on 03-12-2023.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that the report revealed that the missing individuals had visited their parental village voluntarily and were not under any wrongful confinement. The Court asserted that cases of missing persons should be investigated under the CrPC, not through habeas corpus petitions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court stated that habeas corpus is a procedural writ designed to secure the release of persons unlawfully detained and is maintainable only when there is evidence of unlawful detention. The Court stated that mere absence or missing status does not constitute grounds for issuing the writ, the petitioner must establish a prima facie case of unlawful restraint or control.<\/p>\n<p class=\"animate-charcter\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3%;\">&#8220;A writ of habeas corpus is not maintainable in respect of person who is simply missing and not in unlawful detention. Unlawful detention is the sine qua non for issuance of writ of habeas corpus.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court referenced to <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Kanu Sanyal<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">District Magistrate, Darjeeling<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/xBgBV7T3\" target=\"_blank\">(1973) 2 SCC 674<\/a>, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Union of India<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Yumnam Anand M.<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7FqBs2E2\" target=\"_blank\">(2007) 10 SCC 190<\/a> and <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Nimananda Biswal<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">State of Odisha<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/3h5diZn1\" target=\"_blank\">(2023) SCC Online Ori 5628<\/a> and emphasised that habeas corpus cannot be issued for tracing missing persons unless illegal detention is established. The Court stated that habeas corpus is a procedural remedy for immediate release from unlawful detention.<\/p>\n<p class=\"animate-charcter\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3%;\">&#8220;&#8230;establishing a ground of &#8220;illegal detention&#8221; and a strong suspicion about any such &#8220;illegal detention&#8221; is a condition precedent for moving a habeas corpus petition and the constitutional Courts shall not entertain a habeas corpus petition, where there is no allegation of &#8220;illegal detention&#8221; or suspicion about any such &#8220;illegal detention&#8221;.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court dismissed the petition and held that no prima facie case of unlawful detention was established. The Court directed the respondents to continue their search in accordance with the law and the existing missing person report filed by the petitioner.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Simmi Bai<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Shrimaan Police Mahanirikshak Mahodaya<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/hyisW1vS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine MP 893<\/a>, Decided on 28-01-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Judgment by Justice Vinay Saraf<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Shri N.P.Rathore, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Counsel for the Petitioner<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">Dr. Siddharth Singh Chouhan, Govt. Advocate, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Counsel for the Respondents\/State<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;Cases of missing persons are to be registered under the regular provisions of the Penal Code and the Police officials concerned are bound to investigate the same in the manner prescribed under the Code of Criminal Procedure.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67514,"featured_media":317738,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[12141,11941,3118,2886,70629,70944,7201,46732],"class_list":["post-340631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-article-226","tag-crpc","tag-Habeas_Corpus","tag-Illegal_Detention","tag-justice-sanjeev-sachdeva","tag-justice-vinay-saraf","tag-madhya-pradesh-high-court","tag-missing-person"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>missing persons cases can&#039;t be brought under Habeas Corpus, unless illegal detention is established: MP High Court | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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The facts of the case are such that the petitioner\u2019s daughter's marriage was solemnized with respondent 7 in the year 2011 because\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":301302,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/09\/12\/habeas-corpus-cannot-be-issued-to-trace-out-missing-persons-orissa-hc-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":340631,"position":2},"title":"\u2018Habeas Corpus is a writ of right and not writ of course, cannot be issued to trace out missing persons&#8217;: Orissa HC","author":"Editor","date":"September 12, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cIllegal confinement is a pre-condition to issue a writ of habeas corpus, it cannot be issued in respect of any and every missing person\u201d.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"orissa high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/orissa-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/orissa-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/orissa-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/orissa-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":255206,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/10\/06\/illegal-detention-or-kidnapping-is-a-pre-requisite-for-invoking-writ-of-habeas-corpus\/","url_meta":{"origin":340631,"position":3},"title":"Gau HC | \u201cIllegal detention or kidnapping is a pre-requisite for invoking writ of habeas corpus\u201d; HC holds habeas corpus doesn\u2019t apply on missing cases","author":"Editor","date":"October 6, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Gauhati High Court: Kalyan Rai Surana, J., held that the writ of habeas corpus cannot be invoked unless there is an allegation of illegal detention. The Bench said, \u201cEstablishing a ground of illegal detention and a strong suspicion about any such illegal detention is a condition precedent for moving a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":286816,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/03\/13\/person-taken-into-custody-by-an-order-of-the-magistrate-cannot-be-termed-as-illegal-and-be-challenged-by-writ-of-habeas-corpus-manipur-high-court\/","url_meta":{"origin":340631,"position":4},"title":"Magisterial custody cannot be challenged by a writ of Habeas Corpus: Manipur High Court","author":"Simranjeet","date":"March 13, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Manipur High Court held that where a person is taken into custody by an order of Magistrate, then such order cannot be challenged by Writ of Habeas Corpus as the detention cannot be termed as illegal.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Manipur High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-633.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-633.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-633.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-633.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":258850,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/12\/22\/writ-of-habeas-corpus-in-custody-matters\/","url_meta":{"origin":340631,"position":5},"title":"When can a High Court invoke its power in granting writ of habeas corpus in child custody matters? All HC lays down scope and ambit of Writ of Habeas Corpus","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 22, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court: Dr Yogendra Kumar Srivastava, J., while examining the scope of the writ of habeas corpus, expressed that, The power of the High Court, in granting a writ, in child custody matters, may be invoked only in cases where the detention of a minor is by a person\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67514"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=340631"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340631\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/317738"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=340631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=340631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=340631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}