{"id":340036,"date":"2025-01-30T11:00:02","date_gmt":"2025-01-30T05:30:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=340036"},"modified":"2025-01-30T10:51:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T05:21:39","slug":"sc-confirms-conviction-under-s-498a-ipc-and-s-4-dp-act","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/01\/30\/sc-confirms-conviction-under-s-498a-ipc-and-s-4-dp-act\/","title":{"rendered":"SC confirms man\u2019s conviction under S. 498A IPC and S. 4 of DP Act in 19-year-old dowry case; reduces sentence to time served in custody"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Supreme Court<\/span>: In a criminal appeal against Madras High Court&#8217;s decision, whereby the accused person&#8217;s conviction for offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\">498-A<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (&#8216;IPC&#8217;) and Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001546434\" target=\"_blank\">4<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808049\" target=\"_blank\">Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961<\/a> (&#8216;DP Act), was confirmed, the Division Bench of <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">KV Viswanathan*<\/span> and SVN Bhatti, JJ. partly allowed the appeal, while sustaining the conviction for the offences mentioned above. However, the Bench set aside the High Court&#8217;s decision to the extent of imposing and modifying the sentence, considering that the case went along for nearly 19 years and that the accused had already undergone custody for three months.<\/p>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The former wife filed a complaint against her husband, father-in-law, and brother-in-law for offences under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\">498-A<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561742\" target=\"_blank\">406<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561758\" target=\"_blank\">420<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561860\" target=\"_blank\">506(2)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a> and Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001546434\" target=\"_blank\">4<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808049\" target=\"_blank\">DP Act<\/a>. The Trial Court acquitted the brother-in-law of all the charges and also acquitted the husband-accused of the offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561758\" target=\"_blank\">420<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561860\" target=\"_blank\">506(2)<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a> but was convicted for the offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561742\" target=\"_blank\">406<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\">498-A<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a> and Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001546434\" target=\"_blank\">4<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808049\" target=\"_blank\">DP Act<\/a>. The Trial Court sentenced him to three years imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 3,000\/- for an offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\">498-A<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a>. A sentence of one year of simple imprisonment was imposed for an offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001546434\" target=\"_blank\">4<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808049\" target=\"_blank\">DP Act<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On appeal, the Additional Sessions Judge set aside the conviction under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561742\" target=\"_blank\">406<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a> but confirmed the conviction under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\">498-A<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a> and Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001546434\" target=\"_blank\">4<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808049\" target=\"_blank\">DP Act<\/a> and confirmed the sentence. The High Court, vide the impugned decision, confirmed the conviction but modified the sentence from three years imprisonment to two years imprisonment under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\">498-A<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a>. A sentence of one-year imprisonment was imposed for an offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001546434\" target=\"_blank\">4<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808049\" target=\"_blank\">DP Act<\/a>. The sentences were ordered to run concurrently.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis and Decision<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court referred to a witness&#8217;s statement who is a family friend of the bride. The Court noted that in the engagement function, the bride&#8217;s family decided to give 60 sovereigns of gold to the bride and 10 sovereigns of gold to the groom\/ accused, however, the family of the accused did not allow the bride&#8217;s brother to perform the customary practices on the marriage day and stated that they would allow the same only if 100 sovereigns of gold were presented. It was also deposed that though they participated in the reception, the father-in-law took the accused with him from the reception dais on the ground that 100 sovereigns of gold were not presented.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The elder sister of the wife also deposed that after the engagement, the father-in-law called her mother and insisted on presenting 100 sovereigns of gold. The Court also perused the wife&#8217;s statement, whereby it was deposed that the accused-husband called her and asked whether her mother had accepted the demand of his father. The Court also noted that the accused went down from the reception dais and refused to come despite her relatives pleading with him. It was also deposed that this was the accused&#8217;s second marriage and the fact of the first marriage was concealed. The mother of the complainant-wife had also stated that her daughter was subjected to severe mental hardship and the accused insisted on asking for a further 30 sovereigns of gold, as 70 were already given.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The photographer also stated that the husband&#8217;s family was not cooperating on the day of the marriage even for the photographs. Hence, considering the said evidence, the Court refused to interfere with the conviction under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\">498-A<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a> and Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001546434\" target=\"_blank\">4<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808049\" target=\"_blank\">DP Act<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">KK The Court held that the ingredients of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\" target=\"_blank\">498-A<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\">IPC<\/a> and Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001546434\" target=\"_blank\">4<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808049\" target=\"_blank\">DP Act<\/a> were fully satisfied and that the accused subjected the wife to harassment to coerce her and her mother to meet the unlawful demand for the gold sovereigns and continued to harass her when her relatives failed to meet such demand.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">However, the Court considered that the marriage was solemnized on 31-03-2006 and the couple lived together exactly for three days and the complainant-former wife was now married and settled abroad. The Court said that the case had been prolonged for nearly 19 years and both of them had moved on in life.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court also referred to the order dated 11-08-2023, granting bail to the accused noticing his experience in the field of information and technology and it was directed that the State shall ascertain and explore the possibility of utilizing the experience of the petitioner as an I.T. professional. Therefore, the Court set aside the sentence imposed considering the period already undergone and directed that the accused shall deposit a sum of Rs. 3,00,000\/- within a period of four weeks, which shall be paid as compensation to the former wife in view of the harassment which she was subjected to.<\/p>\n<p><!--\n\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">M. Venkateswaran v. State, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/B7QN3JVq\" target=\"_blank\">2025 SCC OnLine SC 164<\/a>, decided on: 24-01-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Judgment Authored by: Justice KV Viswanathan<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<hr\/>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the petitioner:<\/span> Ankur Prakash, Adv., M.P. Parthiban, AOR, Priyanka Singh, Adv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the respondent:<\/span> D. Kumanan, AOR, Deepa S, Adv., Sheikh F Kalia, Adv., Veshal Tyagi, Adv., Chinmay Anand Panigrahi, Adv., Shagufa Khan, Adv.<\/p>\n\n--><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-overflow: ellipsis; background-color: #92A8D1; text-align:justify; clear:both; text-size-adjust: auto; overflow: auto;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 18pt; margin-top: 5px; text-align: center;\">CASE DETAILS<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\" style=\"word-wrap: break-word; border-collapse:collapse; table-layout: fixed; margin-top: 10px;\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"41%\"\/>\n<col width=\"59%\"\/>\n<\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #D4E4F7; font-weight: bold;\">Citation:<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #D4E4F7; font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/B7QN3JVq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine SC 164<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #D4E4F7; font-weight: bold;\">Appellants&#160;:<\/span><br \/> M. Venkateswaran<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #D4E4F7; font-weight: bold;\">Respondents&#160;:<\/span><br \/> State<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"color: #D4E4F7; font-weight: bold;\">Advocates who appeared in this case<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #D4E4F7; font-weight: bold;\">For Petitioner(s):<\/span><br \/> Ankur Prakash, Adv., M.P. Parthiban, AOR, Priyanka Singh, Adv.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #D4E4F7; font-weight: bold;\">For Respondent(s):<\/span><br \/> D. Kumanan, AOR, Deepa S, Adv., Sheikh F Kalia, Adv., Veshal Tyagi, Adv., Chinmay Anand Panigrahi, Adv., Shagufa Khan, Adv.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12pt; margin-top: -20px; margin-left: 5px;\"><span style=\"color: #D4E4F7; font-weight: bold;\">CORAM&#160;:<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"banner\" style=\"overflow: hidden; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; padding-left: 3%;\">\n<div class=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; font-size: 9pt; text-align: center;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/05\/26\/know-your-judge-juustice-k-v-viswanathan-supreme-court-of-india-legal-news\/\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" height=\"100px\" width=\"100px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scobserver.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/K_V_Viswanathan-modified.png\" alt=\"KV Viswanathan, J.\" style=\"border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid #FF5733; padding: 1px;\"><br \/><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">KV Viswanathan, J.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; font-size: 9pt; text-align: center;\">\n<p><a><img decoding=\"async\" height=\"100px\" width=\"100px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scobserver.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Bhatti-modified.jpg\" alt=\"SVN Bhatti, J.\" style=\"border-radius: 50%;\"><br \/><span style=\"color: black !important;\">SVN Bhatti, J.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; font-size: 9pt; text-align: center;\">\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Penal Code, 1860 &nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"penal code, 1860\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">The Court considered that the complainant-wife had re-married and settled abroad. However, directed for compensation of Rs. 3,00,000\/- to the former wife in view of the harassment which she was subjected to.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67517,"featured_media":340040,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[78012,33559,58096,62075,13711,44635,33035,39700,5363],"class_list":["post-340036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-custody-period-as-sentence","tag-dowry-demand","tag-justice-kv-viswanathan","tag-justice-svn-bhatti","tag-mitigating-circumstances","tag-sc","tag-section-4-of-the-dowry-prohibition-act","tag-section-498a-ipc","tag-supreme-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SC confirms man\u2019s conviction under S. 498A IPC and S. 4 of DP Act but reduces sentence to time in custody | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SC confirms man\u2019s conviction under S. 498A IPC and S. 4 of DP Act in 19-year-old murder case but reduces sentence to time served in custody\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/01\/30\/sc-confirms-conviction-under-s-498a-ipc-and-s-4-dp-act\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SC confirms man\u2019s conviction under S. 498A IPC and S. 4 of DP Act in 19-year-old dowry case; 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