{"id":339460,"date":"2025-01-21T12:00:31","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T06:30:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=339460"},"modified":"2025-01-23T12:11:57","modified_gmt":"2025-01-23T06:41:57","slug":"magic-mushroom-not-scheduled-narcotic-psychotropic-substance-kerala-hc-grants-bail-to-ndps-accused","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/01\/21\/magic-mushroom-not-scheduled-narcotic-psychotropic-substance-kerala-hc-grants-bail-to-ndps-accused\/","title":{"rendered":"Magic mushroom not a scheduled narcotic or psychotropic substance: Kerala HC grants bail to NDPS accused"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Kerala High Court:<\/span> In a bail application filed by the petitioner (&#8216;accused&#8217;) under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804220\" target=\"_blank\">483<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804327\" target=\"_blank\">Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023<\/a>, for case was registered against him for the offences punishable under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001570294\" target=\"_blank\">22(c)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001570401\" target=\"_blank\">8(c)<\/a> read with Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001570292\" target=\"_blank\">20(b)(ii)(A)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002802179\" target=\"_blank\">Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985<\/a> (&#8216;NDPS Act&#8217;), <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">P.V. Kunhikrishnan, J.*<\/span>, stated that the mushroom or magic mushroom was not a scheduled narcotic or psychotropic substance. The Court stated there were no materials to find that the accused was in possession of commercial quantity of psilocybin. If commercial quantity was not applicable, the rigour under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001570320\" target=\"_blank\">37<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002802179\" target=\"_blank\">NDPS Act<\/a> was also not applicable. Since, there were no criminal antecedents alleged against the accused, and the accused was in custody for about 90 days, therefore, in such circumstances, the Court granted bail to the accused after imposing stringent conditions.<\/p>\n<h3>Background<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In the present case, on 04-10-2024, at about 4:15 pm, the accused was found in possession and transporting 6.59 gm of Charas, 13.2gm of Ganja, 226gm of Psilocybin contained magic mushroom and 50gm Psilocybin contained magic mushroom capsules, which was in contravention of the provisions of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002802179\" target=\"_blank\">NDPS Act<\/a>. Hence, it was alleged that the accused committed the offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001570294\" target=\"_blank\">22(c)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001570401\" target=\"_blank\">8(c)<\/a> read with Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001570292\" target=\"_blank\">20(b)(ii)(A)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002802179\" target=\"_blank\">NDPS Act<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Analysis, Law, and Decision<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court stated that to determine small or commercial quantity of the narcotic or psychotropic substances in case of seizure of mixture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances with one or more neutral substances, the quantity of neutral substances should be taken into consideration along with the actual content by weight of the offending drug.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Regarding whether mushroom could be considered as a mixture, the Court stated that it was not able to accept that mushroom was a mixture, and it was only a fungi. The Court relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Saeidi Mozdhdeh Ehsan v. State of Karnataka<\/span>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/Members\/NoteView.aspx?enc=SlRYVC0wMDAxOTcwNjU2JiYmJiY0MCYmJiYmU2VhcmNoJiYmJiZmdWxsc2NyZWVuJiYmJiZ0cnVlJiYmJiZtYWdpYyBtdXNocm9vbSYmJiYmUGhyYXNlJiYmJiZnU2VhcmNoJiYmJiZmYWxzZQ==\" target=\"_blank\">2013 SCC OnLine Kar 4641<\/a> and <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">S. Mohan v. State<\/span>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/Members\/NoteView.aspx?enc=SlRYVC05MDAyMzk5Mzg4JiYmJiY0MCYmJiYmU2VhcmNoJiYmJiZmdWxsc2NyZWVuJiYmJiZ0cnVlJiYmJiYxOTUwNCBvZiAyMDI0JiYmJiZQaHJhc2UmJiYmJmdTZWFyY2gmJiYmJmZhbHNl\" target=\"_blank\">2024 SCC OnLine Mad 6788<\/a>, and stated that mushroom or magic mushroom could not be treated as a mixture. Therefore, Note 4 of the Table in NDPS Act, dealing with the small quantity and commercial quantity was not applicable as far as Mushroom or magic mushroom was concerned. Thus, the Court stated that the mushroom or magic mushroom was not a scheduled narcotic or psychotropic substance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court referred to an article published by the Faculty of Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia titled &#8220;Therapeutic use of Psilocybin Practical consideration for dosing and administration&#8221; and stated that it was clear that the Psilocybin content in mushrooms would be 1% per one gram of dried Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms. In the present case, as per the analyst report, the weight of the psilocybin contained in the mushrooms and mushroom capsules alleged to be seized from the accused was 276 grams.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court stated that there were no materials to find that the accused was in possession of commercial quantity of psilocybin. If commercial quantity was not applicable, the rigour under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001570320\" target=\"_blank\">37<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002802179\" target=\"_blank\">NDPS Act<\/a> was also not applicable. The Court noted that there were no criminal antecedents alleged against the accused, and the accused was in custody for about 90 days. Therefore, the Court stated that in such circumstances, the accused could be released on bail after imposing stringent conditions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Thus, the Court directed the accused to be released on bail on executing a bond for Rs.1,00,000 with two solvent sureties each for the like sum to the satisfaction of the jurisdictional Court. The accused should appear before the Investigating Officer as and when required and should co-operate with the investigation. The Court directed that the accused should not leave India without permission and should not commit any offence similar to the offence of which he was accused, or suspected. If the conditions stated were violated by the accused, the jurisdictional Court could cancel the bail in accordance with the law.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Rahul Rai v. State of Kerala, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/gVh1NJ77\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2025 SCC OnLine Ker 284<\/a>, decided on 13-01-2025<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Petitioner:<\/span> Nirmal S, and Veena Hari, Advocates;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Respondent:<\/span> Naushad K.A., Public Prosecutor<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">In the present case, since the charas and ganja seized from the accused were of small quantities, the question to be decided by the Court is whether the mushroom and magic mushroom capsules together can be considered as commercial quantity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67520,"featured_media":316393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[2664,32821,71665,2523,77729,77731,77730,51407,21061,56998],"class_list":["post-339460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Bail","tag-commercial-quantity","tag-justice-p-v-kunhikrishnan","tag-Kerala_High_Court","tag-magic-mushrooms","tag-mixture","tag-mushrooms","tag-narcotic-drugs-and-psychotropic-substances-act-1985","tag-ndps-act","tag-psychotropic-substances"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Magic mushroom not a scheduled narcotic or psychotropic substance: Kerala HC grants bail to NDPS 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In the present case, the petitioner was found in possession of 495 cannabis near the Govt. 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Anil Kumar, J. allowed the bail application of a person accused of illegal possession of a psychotropic substance, on the ground that the quantity possessed by him was not \u2018commercial quantity\u2019 in terms of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985. Petitioner\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":200917,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/08\/30\/bail-denied-to-the-accused-under-section-20-biic-of-ndps-act-1985-as-no-grounds-made-out\/","url_meta":{"origin":339460,"position":3},"title":"Bail denied to the accused under Section 20 (B)(II)(C) of NDPS Act, 1985 as no grounds made out","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"August 30, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Arvind Kumar Mishra, J., addressed a bail application where appellant was alleged under Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985. The instant application was filed by the appellant seeking bail in a Special Sessions Trial where appellant was an accused under\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":341048,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/02\/12\/kerala-court-acquits-actor-shine-tom-chacko-six-others-in-ndps-case\/","url_meta":{"origin":339460,"position":4},"title":"Kerala Court acquits actor Shine Tom Chacko and six others in 2015 NDPS case","author":"Arushi","date":"February 12, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Shine Tom Chacko and others were arrested by the police, suspecting cocaine and other narcotic substances use during a party.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Hot Off The Press&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"actor Shine Tom Chacko acquitted","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/actor-Shine-Tom-Chacko-acquitted.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/actor-Shine-Tom-Chacko-acquitted.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/actor-Shine-Tom-Chacko-acquitted.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/actor-Shine-Tom-Chacko-acquitted.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":252441,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/08\/09\/possession-of-cough-syrup\/","url_meta":{"origin":339460,"position":5},"title":"MP HC | Possession of cough syrup or medicine containing Codeine Phosphate without valid documents falls under S. 37 of the NDPS Act; Court rejects bail application","author":"Editor","date":"August 9, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Madhya Pradesh High Court: Rajeev Kumar Dubey, J., denied bail to the applicant who was arrested for the offence punishable under Sections 8, 21, 22 of the NDPS Act & Section 5\/13 of M.P. 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The prosecution had submitted that on the information of informant police stopped motor\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/339460","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67520"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=339460"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/339460\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/316393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=339460"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=339460"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=339460"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}