{"id":333243,"date":"2024-10-17T13:00:56","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T07:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=333243"},"modified":"2024-10-17T14:11:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-17T08:41:17","slug":"supreme-court-upholds-validity-section-6a-citizenship-act-landmark-4-1-ruling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/10\/17\/supreme-court-upholds-validity-section-6a-citizenship-act-landmark-4-1-ruling\/","title":{"rendered":"Supreme Court upholds validity of Section 6A of Citizenship Act in landmark 4:1 ruling"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Supreme Court:<\/span> In a challenge to Section 6-A<\/a> of the Citizenship Act, 1955<\/a>, by various indigenous groups in Assam on the ground that it legalizes the illegal infiltration of foreign migrants from Bangladesh, undermining the region’s demographic integrity and cultural identity, the 5-Judge Constitution Bench of Dr. DY Chandrachud, CJI, Surya Kant, MM Sundresh, JB Pardiwala and Manoj Misra, JJ. upheld the validity of Section 6A in a 4:1 majority, with Justice Pardiwala dissenting.<\/p>\n

The majority noted that the decision to single out Assam was justified, given that the percentage of immigrants among the local population in Assam is higher than in other border states. While West Bengal has a larger number of migrants, the impact in Assam is more pronounced due to its smaller land area. Specifically, the presence of 40 lakh migrants in Assam affects the local demographic and socio-economic landscape more significantly than the 57 lakh migrants in West Bengal, highlighting the unique challenges faced by Assam in managing immigration.<\/p>\n

The majority also affirmed that the cut-off date of 25-03-1971, was rational, marking the end of the Bangladesh Liberation War. This date was pivotal in shaping the context of the provision, as it reflects the historical circumstances surrounding the conflict. The majority concluded that Section 6A was “neither over-inclusive nor under-inclusive,” indicating that it effectively addresses the issue of immigration without unfairly categorizing individuals.<\/p>\n

The Court directed the Ministry of Home Affairs to provide comprehensive data on the inflow of illegal migrants to Assam and the Northeastern states following 25-03-1971, the date marking Bangladesh’s independence. This directive includes detailed disclosures across various categories, such as the grant of citizenship to immigrants during different time periods and the operations of the Foreigners Tribunals that were established to address these issues.<\/p>\n

The Majority Assam Accord represented a political solution to the issue of illegal migration, while Section 6-A<\/a> of the Citizenship Act<\/a> served as the legislative remedy. The majority opinion affirmed that Parliament possessed the legislative competence to enact this provision. It emphasized that Section 6A was designed to strike a balance between humanitarian concerns and the necessity to protect the interests of the local population. This approach reflects an effort to address the complexities surrounding immigration while ensuring that the rights and identities of indigenous communities are preserved.<\/p>\n

Source: Supreme Court Live hearing<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Section 6A of the Citizenship Act, 1955, permits foreign migrants of Indian origin who entered Assam between 01-01-1966, and 25-03-1971, to apply for Indian citizenship. This provision was introduced in 1985 as part of the Assam Accord, an agreement between the Government of India and leaders of the Assam movement, which aimed to address the concerns over illegal immigration from Bangladesh<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67512,"featured_media":333257,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1188,2],"tags":[31029,74171,14851,74174,15921,74173,74172,74175,30927,2635,74170,5363],"class_list":["post-333243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hot_off_the_press","category-news","tag-assam-accord","tag-bangladesh-liberation-war","tag-citizenship-act","tag-citizenship-rights","tag-constitution-bench","tag-cultural-identity","tag-demographic-integrity","tag-foreign-migrants","tag-foreigners-tribunal","tag-Immigration","tag-section-6a-of-citizenship-act","tag-supreme-court"],"yoast_head":"\nSupreme Court upholds validity of Section 6A of Citizenship Act in landmark 4:1 ruling | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Supreme Court ruled in favor of 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analysis of Supreme Court\u2019s majority verdict on Section 6A of Citizenship Act","author":"Apoorva","date":"October 22, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court affirmed that the cut-off date of 25 March 1971 is rational as on the said date, Pakistani Army launched Operation Search Light to curb Bengali nationalist movement in East Pakistan. The migrants before the operation were migrants of partition towards which India had a liberal policy. Migrants from\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Section 6A of Citizenship Act","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shared-image-8.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shared-image-8.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shared-image-8.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shared-image-8.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":284735,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/02\/22\/assam-facing-silent-invasion-for-decades-why-section-6a-of-citizenship-act-under-fire-legal-news-legal-research-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":333243,"position":1},"title":"EXPLAINED| Assam facing a silent invasion for decades: Why is Section 6A of the Citizenship Act under fire?","author":"Editor","date":"February 22, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cIf the said Section 6-A of the Citizenship Act, 1955 is not struck off being ultra vires, it would be impossible to free Assam from the clutches of illegal immigrants, who have entered Assam in view of the impugned provisions of the aforesaid amended Act.\u201d the petitioner's submitted.","rel":"","context":"In "Hot Off The Press"","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-495.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-495.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-495.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-495.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6275,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2014\/12\/24\/issue-related-to-illegal-immigration-from-indo-bangladesh-border\/","url_meta":{"origin":333243,"position":2},"title":"Issue related to illegal immigration from Indo-Bangladesh border","author":"Sucheta","date":"December 24, 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: In the present case the bench of \u00a0R.F.Nariman, J., and Ranjan Gogoi, J.,delivered a landmark judgment touching upon various issues of pressing importance related to the problem of illegal immigration from Indo-Bangladesh border with special emphasis on the problems of state of Assam. Deliberating upon the issue that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Supreme Court"","block_context":{"text":"Supreme Court","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/supremecourt\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":333813,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/10\/25\/detailed-analysis-of-justice-jb-pardiwala-dissent-in-section-6a-citizenship-act-verdict\/","url_meta":{"origin":333243,"position":3},"title":"\u2018Section 6A of Citizenship Act manifestly arbitrary, temporally unreasonable and, demonstrably unconstitutional\u2019: Justice JB Pardiwala\u2019s Dissent","author":"Apoorva","date":"October 25, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cSection 6A of the Citizenship Act, which was meant to dispel and discourage incoming illegal immigrants, turned out to be a beacon for the illegal immigrants from Bangladesh to come into Assam, by taking advantage of the poor mechanism which is prone to open abuse.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Section 6A of Citizenship Act","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/02-127317433.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/02-127317433.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/02-127317433.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/02-127317433.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":218056,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/08\/13\/maintain-aadhaar-like-secrecy-for-assam-nrc-data-sc-to-centre\/","url_meta":{"origin":333243,"position":4},"title":"Maintain ‘Aadhaar-like’ secrecy for Assam NRC Data: SC to Centre","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"August 13, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The bench of Ranjan Gogoi, CJ and RF Nariman, J has refused to re-open the National Register of Citizens (NRC) process in Assam. The Court elaborately discussed the NRC exercise as below: Section 6A of the Act which was inserted with effect from 7th December, 1985 by the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":198626,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/07\/17\/interpretation-of-first-referral-point-in-assam-accord-case\/","url_meta":{"origin":333243,"position":5},"title":"Interpretation of first referral point in Assam Accord case*","author":"Saba","date":"July 17, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"by Ekta Rai\u2020","rel":"","context":"In "Op Eds"","block_context":{"text":"Op Eds","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/op-ed\/legal-analysis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Assam-Immigrant.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Assam-Immigrant.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Assam-Immigrant.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Assam-Immigrant.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Assam-Immigrant.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333243","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67512"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=333243"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333243\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/333257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=333243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=333243"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=333243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}