{"id":327973,"date":"2024-08-03T16:00:07","date_gmt":"2024-08-03T10:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=327973"},"modified":"2024-08-07T10:49:52","modified_gmt":"2024-08-07T05:19:52","slug":"father-kidnapping-taking-child-away-from-mother-custody-offence-booking-karnataka-hc-legal-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/08\/03\/father-kidnapping-taking-child-away-from-mother-custody-offence-booking-karnataka-hc-legal-news\/","title":{"rendered":"Whether a father can be booked for offence of kidnapping for taking away his own minor child from the custody of the mother? Karnataka HC answers"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Karnataka High Court:<\/span> While hearing the instant petition seeking to quash the FIR registered against the petitioner by Khadebazar police station, Belagavi, under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">363<\/a><a id=\"fnref1\" href=\"#fn1\" title=\"1. Corresponding Section 137 (2) of Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Penal Code, 1860<\/a> for allegedly taking away his 2-year-old minor son from the house of his estranged wife, thereby committing the offence of kidnapping; the Bench of <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Venkatesh Naik T., J.*<\/span>, perusing the relevant provisions under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808778\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guardians and Wards Act, 1890<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002810435\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956<\/a>, pointed out that, a father is a natural guardian of a minor in the absence of any order otherwise passed by a Court of competent jurisdiction. The Court further stated that the father of a child will not come within the scope of S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561680\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">361<\/a><a id=\"fnref2\" href=\"#fn2\" title=\"2. Corresponding Section 137 (1)(b) of BNS\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>, even if he takes away the child from the custody of the mother.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The petitioner (father) attended the 2nd birthday of his child. On 20-08-2023, he took the child away from the house and informed his wife that he has arranged a birthday programme for his child, and he took his son so that he can seek blessings from his paternal grandparents and relatives. Hence, the mother of child being the de-facto complainant, booked the father for kidnapping punishable under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">363<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The counsel for the petitioner contended that a father being a natural guardian of a minor, cannot be booked for kidnapping.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Taking note of the facts of the instant case, the Court had to consider whether a father can be booked for the offence of kidnapping for taking away his own minor child from the custody of the mother and whether it would attract the offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">363<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Perusing S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561680\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">361<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>, the Court noted that Explanation added to S. 361 includes the words &#8220;<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">lawful guardian<\/span>&#8221; which includes any person lawfully entrusted with the care or custody of such minor or other person. However, to complete the offence, the person who takes away the minor, must fall within proposition of term &#8216;lawful guardian&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Since the parties were governed by Hindu law, the Court took note of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001526572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4(2)<\/a> of The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002808778\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guardians and Wards Act, 1890<\/a> which defines a &#8216;guardian&#8217; as a person having the care of the person of a minor or of his property, or of both is person and property. Furthermore, the Court took note of S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001549979\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002810435\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956<\/a>, which contemplates that for a Hindu minor, the father is a natural guardian and after him, the mother.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Therefore, the Court had no doubts as to the petitioner being a natural guardian to his 2-year-old son in absence of any order otherwise passed by a competent Court. It was further pointed out that the instant matter was not a case where the mother was lawfully entrusted with the care or custody of the minor by the order of competent Court. Therefore, the petitioner was found to be the natural guardian to the child. The Court stated that in the absence of any prohibition of the order of the competent Court, the petitioner cannot be booked for taking away his own minor child from the custody of the mother.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Pointing out that the father of a child will not come within the ambit of S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561680\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">361<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>, the Court said that the mother may be lawful guardian as against any other person except the father or any other person who has been appointed as a legal guardian by virtue of an order of the competent Court. So long as there is no divestment of rights of guardianship of the father, he cannot be held guilty of the offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561680\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">361<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court therefore concluded that no prima facie case was made out for the offence under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561682\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">363<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC<\/a> against the petitioner and continuation of such prosecution amounts to abuse of process of Court. Therefore, the impugned FIR was quashed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Kushagra v. State of Karnataka, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/6L8ScYga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2024 SCC OnLine Kar 68<\/a>, decided on 04-07-2024<\/span>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Order by Justice Venkatesh Naik T.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For petitioner-<\/span> ROHIT KUMAR SINGH, ADVOCATE for SAJID AHMED GOODWALA, ADVOCATE<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For respondents:<\/span> JAIRAM SIDDI, HCGP FOR R1; SHARAD M. PATIL, ADV. FOR R2<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Penal Code, 1860 &nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"penal code, 1860\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn1\" href=\"#fnref1\">1.<\/a> Corresponding Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803475\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">137(2)<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn2\" href=\"#fnref2\">2.<\/a> Corresponding Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001803475\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">137(1)(b)<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-9001804326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BNS<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">Perusing relevant provisions of Guardianship Act, the Court pointed out that a father is a natural guardian of a minor in the absence of any order otherwise passed by a Court of competent jurisdiction.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":316069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[71555,3227,2720,28334,3696,71680,28974,14261],"class_list":["post-327973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-bhartiya-nyaya-sanhita","tag-custody","tag-guardianship","tag-karnataka-high-court","tag-kidnapping","tag-lawful-guardian","tag-natural-guardian","tag-penal-code"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Father of a child will not come within the scope of Kidnapping provision u\/S. 361, IPC: Karnataka HC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Father of a child will not come within the scope of Kidnapping provisions u\/S. 361, IPC, even if he takes away the child from mother\u2019s custody: Karnataka HC.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/08\/03\/father-kidnapping-taking-child-away-from-mother-custody-offence-booking-karnataka-hc-legal-news\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Whether a father can be booked for offence of kidnapping for taking away his own minor child from the custody of the mother? 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