{"id":324463,"date":"2024-06-15T13:00:14","date_gmt":"2024-06-15T07:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=324463"},"modified":"2024-06-20T15:55:49","modified_gmt":"2024-06-20T10:25:49","slug":"bombay-hc-acquits-mcoca-accused-due-to-trial-court-delay-in-taking-cognizance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/06\/15\/bombay-hc-acquits-mcoca-accused-due-to-trial-court-delay-in-taking-cognizance\/","title":{"rendered":"Bombay HC disallows prosecution of alleged affiliates of a banned organisation\u00a0for MCOCA charges due to delay in taking of cognizance by Trial Court"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Bombay High Court:<\/span> In two appeals made under Section 12<\/a> of the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act, 1999<\/a> (\u201cMCOCA\u201d), against the orders of the Special Judge, City Civil and Sessions Court, Greater Mumbai, rejecting the applications of the accused persons for the dropping of charges under MCOCA, the Division Bench comprising of AS Gadkari*<\/span> and Shyam C Chandak, JJ., held that the failure of the Trial Court in taking timely cognizance of offence under Section 3, as stipulated under Section 2(d) MCOCA, left them with no choice but to disallow prosecution of the accused persons, who were allegedly affiliated with a banned terrorist organisation\u2020<\/sup>, for charges under MCOCA.<\/p>\n

Background<\/p>\n

The Court was considering two appeals filed under Section 12<\/a> of the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act, 1999<\/a> (\u201cMCOCA\u201d) against the orders of the Special Judge, City Civil and Sessions Court, Greater Mumbai, rejecting the applications of the appellants for dropping the charges under MCOCA.<\/p>\n

The accused persons were being prosecuted for offences under Sections 302<\/a>, 353<\/a>, 427<\/a>, 120-B<\/a>, 121<\/a>, 121-A<\/a>, 147<\/a>, 148<\/a>, and 149<\/a> of the Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (\u201cIPC\u201d), along with Sections 3,4 and 5 of the Explosive Substances Act (\u201cESA\u201d), Sections 16<\/a>, 17<\/a>, 18<\/a>, 18-B<\/a>, 20<\/a>, 38<\/a>, 39<\/a> and 40<\/a> of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967<\/a> (\u201cUAPA\u201d), and Section 3 of the MCOCA.<\/p>\n

Given the gravity of the offences, the Government appointed the National Investigation Agency (\u201cNIA\u201d) as the investigating agency. The investigation revealed that the offences committed by the organised crime syndicate of a banned terrorist organisation, and the arrested principal accused had had 23 cases registered against them in the last 10 years. The Deputy Inspector General (\u201cDIG\u201d), NIA, passed an order in 2020, granting permission to apply the provisions of the MCOCA to the offences.<\/p>\n

Aggrieved by the DIG\u2019s order, the appellants filed applications before the Trial Court to have themselves discharged from the provisions of the MCOCA, which were rejected by the Trial Court through its impugned order of March 2023.<\/p>\n

Court\u2019s analysis and judgment<\/p>\n

The Court noticed that the NIA had submitted its report to their DIG for applying the provisions of the MCOCA to the offences in the instant case that had been approved, while considering two crimes registered against the terrorist organisation, the cognizance of which had been taken by the Trial Court previously.<\/p>\n

The Court perused Section 2(d) of the MCOCA, wherein \u201ccontinuing unlawful activity\u201d has been defined as meaning a cognizable offence punishable by imprisonment of three years or more, undertaken singly or jointly as a member of an organised crime syndicate or on its behalf, for which more than one chargesheet has been filed before the Competent Court within the last 10 years, and that Court had taken the cognizance of such offence.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Court relied on Mahipal Singh<\/span> v. CBI<\/span>, (2014) 11 SCC 282<\/a>, wherein the Supreme Court held that for the application of Section 3 of the MCOCA, all ingredients of a \u201ccontinuing unlawful activity\u201d should be satisfied. In Mahipal (supra)<\/span>, the Court had not taken cognizance of the offence on the date of commission of offence or notice of commission of offence to the investigating agency. Therefore, all the ingredients (one of which is the taking of cognizance by the Competent Court on the date of commission of the offence) were not satisfied<\/p>\n

In the light of the relied case, the instant Court reiterated that stringent the provisions of a legislation are, the stricter is its compliance.<\/p>\n

The Court noted in the instant case that the offence in question was committed on 01-05-2019 and it was registered with the police on 02-05-2019, the cognizance of which was taken on 30-05-2019, much after the date of commission of the offence. Therefore, the Court noted that the cognizance of the offence was not taken by the Competent Court (the Trial Court), as stipulated by Section 2(d) of the MCOCA, and the principle enunciated in Mahipal (supra)<\/span>.<\/p>\n

The Court therefore stated that it had no option but to set aside the impugned orders of the NIA and held that the appellants could not be prosecuted for the offence under Section 3 of the MCOCA, thereby quashing and setting aside the impugned orders.<\/p>\n

[Somsay Dalasay Madvi v. National Investigation Agency, 2024 SCC OnLine Bom 1622<\/a>, decided on 11-06-2024<\/span>]<\/p>\n

*Judgment authored by: Justice AS Gadkari*<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2020<\/sup>Editorial Note:<\/span> The judgment states CPI (M) to be a banned terrorist organisation. As per the list of Banned Terrorist Organisations<\/a> provided by the NIA- Communist Party of India (Maoist) all its formations and front organizations and Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) — People\u2019s War, all its formations and front organizations<\/span> have been categorised as banned terror outfits.<\/p>\n

Whereas, Communist Party of India (Marxist)<\/span> is abbreviated as CPI (M) or CPIM or CPM<\/span> and is one of the major national parties in India.<\/p>\n

\n

Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n

For the appellants:<\/span> Gaurav Bhawnani, Khan Abdul Wahab, Muskan Shaikh, Kritika Agarwal, Advocates<\/p>\n

For the respondents:<\/span> Aruna S Pai and Shreekant V Gavand, Additional Public Prosecutor<\/p>\n

Buy Penal Code, 1860 \u00a0 HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"penal<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Court noted that cognizance of the offence was not taken by the Trial Court as stipulated by Section 2(d) of the MCOCA, therefore, the accused persons could not be prosecuted on the charges of S. 3 MCOCA.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":314919,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[13961,3474,38971,21324,36335,69866,69867,30397,19881],"class_list":["post-324463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-ipc","tag-MCOCA","tag-national-investigation-agency","tag-nia","tag-penal-code-1860","tag-section-2d","tag-section-3-of-the-maharashtra-control-of-organised-crimes-act","tag-uapa","tag-unlawful-activities-prevention-act"],"yoast_head":"\nBombay HC disallows prosecution of affiliates of a banned organisation for 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rank of SP includes SP, Additional SP, DCP: SC","author":"Editor","date":"August 29, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\"A difference in the seniority of a particular officer is not the same as a difference in their ranks.\"","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/15_MicrosoftTeams-image-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/15_MicrosoftTeams-image-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/15_MicrosoftTeams-image-1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/15_MicrosoftTeams-image-1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6644,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2015\/05\/22\/terror-accused-can-be-booked-under-both-mcoca-and-uapa\/","url_meta":{"origin":324463,"position":4},"title":"Terror accused can be booked under both MCOCA and UAPA","author":"Sucheta","date":"May 22, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: Setting aside the order of a special court, a bench comprising of PV Hardas and SP Joshi, JJ has held that an accused can be booked under the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA), 1999 as well as the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA), 1967 in\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "High Courts"","block_context":{"text":"High Courts","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/highcourts\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":162584,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/10\/10\/competent-court-mcoca-not-restricted-courts-delhi-charge-sheets-filed-states-can-taken-account\/","url_meta":{"origin":324463,"position":5},"title":"\u2018Competent Court\u2019 under MCOCA is not restricted to Courts in Delhi; 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