{"id":322777,"date":"2024-05-23T10:30:53","date_gmt":"2024-05-23T05:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=322777"},"modified":"2024-06-15T12:46:41","modified_gmt":"2024-06-15T07:16:41","slug":"man-and-woman-living-together-does-not-constitute-bigamy-without-proof-of-second-marriage-rajasthan-high-court-scc-times","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/05\/23\/man-and-woman-living-together-does-not-constitute-bigamy-without-proof-of-second-marriage-rajasthan-high-court-scc-times\/","title":{"rendered":"Man and woman living together does not constitute bigamy without proof of second marriage: Rajasthan High Court"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Rajasthan High Court:<\/span> In a criminal miscellaneous petition seeking to quash the orders by the Sessions Judge, Merta, and the Special Civil Judge and criminal proceeding with specific allegation under Section 494<\/a> of the Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (IPC) pertaining to the petitioner allegedly solemnizing a second marriage with another woman, a single-judge bench comprising of Kuldeep Mathur, J., held that mere cohabitation does not constitute an offence under Section 494<\/a> IPC<\/a> without evidence of a valid marriage. The Court quashed and set aside the impugned orders and criminal proceedings pending against the petitioner for the offense under Section 494<\/a> IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In the instant matter, the petitioner-husband filed a criminal miscellaneous petition under Section 482<\/a> of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973<\/a> (CrPC) seeking to quash orders dated 05-01-2019, and 25-07-2018. The respondent-wife lodged a complaint against the petitioner alleging offenses under Sections 498-A<\/a>, 406<\/a>, 323<\/a>, 494<\/a>, and 497<\/a> of the IPC<\/a>. The complaint particularly accused the petitioner of marrying another woman, thus committing bigamy under Section 494<\/a> IPC<\/a>. The complaint led to criminal proceedings, including orders by the Special Civil Judge, Degana, and the Sessions Judge, Merta.<\/p>\n

The petitioner challenged these orders, arguing that no second marriage with another woman was solemnized according to essential religious ceremonies. The petitioner contended that the respondent’s complaint which is made 20 years after the alleged incident, lacks substance and is intended to harass. However, the respondent contended that the police investigation found the petitioner guilty of bigamy. It was contended that the validity of the second marriage is a factual question for the trial court. The respondent further asserted that even a customary Nata marriage implies guilt under Section 494<\/a> IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that the complaint and the respondent’s statements under Section 200<\/a> CrPC<\/a> did not establish a valid second marriage. The Court stated that the long delay in lodging the complaint (20 years) also indicated a lack of immediate grievance. The Court asserted that there no evidence that the petitioner married Raju Devi according to Hindu rites. The Court further stated that even if a Nata marriage was performed, there was no proof that essential ceremonies were followed. The Court emphasised that for an offense under Section 494<\/a> IPC<\/a>, a second marriage must be solemnized according to legal and religious ceremonies. The Court held that mere cohabitation does not constitute an offense under Section 494<\/a> IPC<\/a> without proof of solemnization as per law.<\/p>\n

“The mere fact of a man and a woman living together as husband and wife would not be considered as an offence punishable under Section 494<\/a> IPC<\/doclink> if they have not performed of a valid marriage in accordance with the existing law.”<\/p>\n

The Court set aside the criminal proceedings against the petitioner for the offense under Section 494<\/a> IPC<\/a> and held that there is no evidence of a legally valid second marriage. The Court exercised its inherent powers under Section 482<\/a> of the CrPC<\/a> and quashed the impugned orders dated 05-01-2019 and 25-07-2018 and rejected all associated stay and pending applications.<\/p>\n

[Bhanwar Lal<\/span> v. State of Rajasthan<\/span>, 2024 SCC OnLine Raj 1203<\/a>, order dated 07-05-2024<\/span>]<\/p>\n\n

Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n

Mr. Navneet Poonia, Counsel for the Petitioner<\/p>\n

Mr. AR Choudhary, PP and Ms. Aasu Devi, Counsel for the Respondents<\/p>\n

Buy Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973  HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"Code<\/a><\/p>\n

Buy Penal Code, 1860   HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"penal<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Even if it is presumed that the petitioner has performed Nata marriage, then also there is no proof that the same was done by following the marriage ceremonies required by the personal law governing the parties or by following the essential ceremonies for a Nata marriage.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67514,"featured_media":314824,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[3594,2899,69020,69021,2575,3542],"class_list":["post-322777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-bigamy","tag-Cohabitation","tag-justice-kuldeep-mathur","tag-nata-marriage","tag-Rajasthan_High_Court","tag-solemnization_of_marriage"],"yoast_head":"\nMan and woman living together does not constitute bigamy without proof of second marriage: Rajasthan High Court | SCC 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Shaffique JJ held that Section 494 IPC does not discriminate between Hindu\/\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":321523,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/05\/06\/allahabad-high-court-quashes-criminal-proceeding-against-wife-accused-bigamy\/","url_meta":{"origin":322777,"position":1},"title":"Allahabad High Court quashes criminal proceeding against wife accused of Bigamy due to lack of ingredients to constitute S. 494 IPC offence","author":"Apoorva","date":"May 6, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe Court set aside the impugned summoning order and the criminal proceedings against the wife under Section 494 IPC. However, the Court did not quash the criminal proceedings initiated against the wife under Sections 504, 506 IPC.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Allahabad High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":79791,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2016\/10\/19\/law-for-laymen-s-494-ipc-bigamy\/","url_meta":{"origin":322777,"position":2},"title":"Bigamy [S. 494 IPC, S. 17 Hindu Marriage Act]","author":"SM","date":"October 19, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Image courtsey: Dick's Genealogy & History Corner.","rel":"","context":"In "Law made Easy"","block_context":{"text":"Law made Easy","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/law-made-easy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/bigamy.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/bigamy.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/bigamy.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/bigamy.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/bigamy.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":340700,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/02\/07\/second-wife-who-was-single-cannot-be-prosecuted-for-bigamy-under-s-494-ipc-chhattisgarh-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":322777,"position":3},"title":"Second wife who was single at the time of marriage cannot be prosecuted for bigamy under S. 494 IPC: Chhattisgarh HC","author":"Editor","date":"February 7, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cA person who is single marrying another whose marriage is subsisting is not liable under Section 494 IPC, but the person whose marriage is subsisting would be liable.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Chhattisgarh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Chhattisgarh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Chhattisgarh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Chhattisgarh-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Chhattisgarh-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":250539,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/06\/30\/bigamy\/","url_meta":{"origin":322777,"position":4},"title":"Telangana HC | In what conditions a complaint of bigamy filed by wife is maintainable when another complaint under S. 498-A IPC is already pending? Court discusses","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 30, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Telangana High Court: K. Lakshman, J., refused to quash a subsequent complaint filed by the wife against her husband (and others), where a prior complaint alleging offence under Section 498-A Penal Code, 1860 was already pending. Instant criminal petition was filed under Section 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Petitioners\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":268039,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/06\/07\/whether-offence-of-bigamy-is-a-continuing-offence\/","url_meta":{"origin":322777,"position":5},"title":"Whether offence of bigamy is a continuing offence or the proceedings instituted for offence punishable for bigamy under S. 494 CrPC can be obliterated on the ground of delay? Kar HC answers","author":"Editor","date":"June 7, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Karnataka High Court: M. Nagaprasanna, J. allowed the petition in part and remarked the protagonists in the quadrangle to resolve the issue amongst them and not drag other persons into the proceedings. The facts of the case are such that Petitioner 1 aged 76 years is the husband of the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Karnataka High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/New_Karnataka.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/New_Karnataka.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/New_Karnataka.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/New_Karnataka.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/New_Karnataka.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322777","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67514"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=322777"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322777\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/314824"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=322777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=322777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=322777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}