{"id":319021,"date":"2024-04-01T11:00:37","date_gmt":"2024-04-01T05:30:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=319021"},"modified":"2024-04-03T10:38:56","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T05:08:56","slug":"suicide-note-weeks-before-suicide-kerala-hc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/04\/01\/suicide-note-weeks-before-suicide-kerala-hc\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Suicide note written weeks before suicide\u2019: Kerala HC says bickering and quarrels not instigation while quashing abetment to suicide case against wife"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Kerala High Court:<\/span> In an application filed under Section 482<\/a> of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973<\/a> (‘CrPC’) to quash the FIR and further proceedings against the accused\/ wife charged with Section 306<\/a> of the Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (‘IPC’), the Bench of Bechu Kurian Thomas, J., quashed all criminal proceedings against wife stating the allegation in the final report do not constitute ingredients of the offence.<\/p>\n

The wife was arrayed as the accused for the abetment to suicide of her husband after he was found dead in a hotel room. Itwas alleged that the newly wed doctor couple had constant fights and bickering which allegedly took a heavy toll on the emotional balance of the husband resulting in his death, leaving behind two suicide notes, which were written 58 days and 14 days prior to the incident. The case was initially registered under Section 174<\/a> of the CrPC<\/a> for unnatural death and later altered to Section 306<\/a> of the IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that after the filing of the final report, and while the present petition under Section 482<\/a> of the CrPC<\/a> was pending, a further investigation was carried out, resulting in a further final report. The Court said that the further final report had not brought out any additional material and the failure to incorporate a challenge against the further final report cannot restrain the Court from considering the claim for quashing the FIR and final report.<\/p>\n

Upon perusing the material on record, the Court came to the conclusion that the suicide notes only indicate that there were repeated quarrels between the couple and there was no reference to any act done by the wife to aid or instigate her husband to commit suicide. The Bench remarked that there is nothing to indicate any nexus between any act of the wife and the suicide of her husband to term it as instigation.<\/p>\n

The Bench also opined that quarrels, fights and disputes in a marital relationship are not abnormal or uncommon and those quarrels cannot be reckoned as conduct amounting to abetment of suicide unless there is something more in the form of instigation or aiding.<\/p>\n

The Bench also noted that the accused was not present in the room where the deceased killed himself, nor anywhere in its vicinity on the day of the incident.<\/p>\n

Upon perusal of Section 306<\/a> and 107<\/a> of the IPC<\/a>, the Court observed that in order for a person to be proceeded under Section 306, Section 107 ought to be satisfied and in this case the allegations do not reveal any circumstances coming within the purview of the second and third clause of the section and the matter is to be adjudged as to whether the wife’s actions fell within the purview of the first clause.<\/p>\n

The Bench further noted that in order to attract Section 306<\/a> of the IPC<\/a>, the abetment should be for committing suicide and not committing some other act, therefore, unless instigation was done with the intention to prod the other person to commit suicide the offence under Section 306 read with first clause of Section 107<\/a> of the IPC<\/a> will not be attracted. The crucial element in abetment to suicide is the mens rea in promoting the deceased to commit suicide.<\/p>\n

The Court referred to Mohit Singhal<\/span> v. State of Uttarakhand<\/span>, (2024) 1 SCC 417<\/a> to reiterate that the act of instigation must be of such intensity and in such close proximity that it intends to push the deceased to such a position under which the person has no choice but to commit suicide. The Court said that the suicide notes were written weeks before and not in close proximity to the date of suicide, further, there was no reference in the letters which showed instigation by the accused to prompt the deceased to commit suicide.<\/p>\n

The Court, satisfied that the allegations in both the final report and the further final report, do not constitute the ingredients of the offence of Section 306<\/a> of the IPC<\/a>, quashed all further proceedings against the accused in the lower Court<\/p>\n

[Dr. Radhika Kapathia v. State of Kerala, 2024 SCC OnLine Ker 1344<\/a>, decided on 20-03-2024<\/span>]<\/p>\n\n

Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n

For the Petitioner:<\/span> Advocate Nireesh Mathew, Senior Advocate C.C Thomas<\/p>\n

For the Respondent:<\/span> Senior Advocate P. Viaya Bhanu, Senior Advocate Joseph Kodianthara, Advocate Aashique Akhtar Hajjigothi, Public Prosecutor Ashi M.C.<\/p>\n

Buy Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973  HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"Code<\/a><\/p>\n

Buy Penal Code, 1860   HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"penal<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“The essence of the offence of abetment of suicide is not what the deceased felt but what the accused intended.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":316393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[30948,67022,57088,42758,59043,32646],"class_list":["post-319021","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-abetment-to-suicide","tag-abetment-to-suicide-by-wife","tag-criminal-proceedings-quashed","tag-indian-penal-code","tag-justice-bechu-kurian-thomas","tag-suicide-note"],"yoast_head":"\nSuicide Note written weeks before suicide, Kerala HC says bickeing and quarreling abetment | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kerala HC says bickering and quarreling is not abetement to suicide and the suicide notes 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Madras HC decides","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 1, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Madras High Court: V Bharathidasan, J., held that, Mere harassment without any mens rea which lead to the suicide would not amount to an offence under Section 306 Penal Code, 1860. Petitioner, sole accused was charged for an offence under Section 306 of the Penal Code, 1860 sought to quash\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":293203,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/05\/26\/admonishing-wife-for-having-illicit-intimacy-will-not-amount-to-abetting-wife-to-commit-suicide-telangana-high-court-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":319021,"position":2},"title":"Admonishing wife for having illicit intimacy will not amount to abetting wife to commit suicide: Telangana High Court","author":"Simranjeet","date":"May 26, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"A wife having illicit intimacy with another person will adversely affect the husband and family, both personally and in society. The husband cannot sit quite if the wife is having illicit intimacy with another person.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"telangana high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/telangana-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/telangana-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/telangana-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/telangana-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":271404,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/08\/09\/andhra-pradesh-high-court-mere-allegations-of-pressure-or-harassment-at-workplace-will-not-suffice-to-attract-ingredients-of-s-306-ipc-proof-of-instigation-and-abetment-is-necessary\/","url_meta":{"origin":319021,"position":3},"title":"Andhra Pradesh High Court | Mere allegations of pressure or harassment at workplace will not suffice to attract ingredients of S. 306 IPC; Proof of instigation and abetment is necessary","author":"Editor","date":"August 9, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Andhra Pradesh High Court: Subba Reddy Satti J. granted anticipatory bail to the Chief Executing Officer (applicant-accused) as on perusal of complaint there was no sign of instigation and abetment and mere allegation of harassment will not attract offence under Section 306 Penal Code, 1860 (\u2018IPC') unless such\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":254232,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/09\/15\/abetment-of-suicide-3\/","url_meta":{"origin":319021,"position":4},"title":"Husband and Wife consumed pesticide after a quarrel, wife died but husband survived. Will allegation of abetment of suicide on husband survive? SC explains","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 15, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The Division Bench of M.R. Shah and Aniruddha Bose, JJ., while addressing a matter noted that, Abetment by a person is when a person instigates another to do something. Instigation can be inferred where the accused had, by his acts or omission created such circumstances that the deceased\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":347137,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/05\/05\/sc-quashes-abetment-case-husbands-inlaws-mens-rea-absence\/","url_meta":{"origin":319021,"position":5},"title":"Allegations of past harassment insufficient without proximate mens rea for abetment of suicide: Supreme Court quashes case against Husband’s in-laws","author":"Apoorva","date":"May 5, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe Court would not hesitate to exercise its extraordinary powers which are inherent to quash such proceedings when it comes to fore, and the court is satisfied that allowing the proceedings to continue would be an abuse of process of Court or that the ends of the justice require that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"abetment to suicide mens rea","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abetment-to-suicide-mens-rea.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abetment-to-suicide-mens-rea.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abetment-to-suicide-mens-rea.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abetment-to-suicide-mens-rea.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/319021","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=319021"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/319021\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/316393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=319021"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=319021"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=319021"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}