{"id":318250,"date":"2024-03-23T15:00:59","date_gmt":"2024-03-23T09:30:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=318250"},"modified":"2024-04-18T17:43:01","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T12:13:01","slug":"overlap-in-customs-igst-notification-on-same-subject-matter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/03\/23\/overlap-in-customs-igst-notification-on-same-subject-matter\/","title":{"rendered":"Overlap in Customs and IGST Notification on the Same Subject-Matter"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"color: #903; float: left; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 75px; line-height: 60px; padding-top: 4px; padding-right: 8px; padding-left: 3px;\">L<\/span>evy of integrated goods and services tax (IGST) as duty of Customs in terms of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002613263\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3(7)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002948288\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Customs Tariff Act, 1975<\/a>, is still a subject-matter pending before the judicial forums. In <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Interglobe Aviation Ltd.<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Commr. of Customs<\/span><a id=\"fnref1\" title=\"1. 2020 SCC OnLine CESTAT 268.\" href=\"#fn1\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>, the Delhi Tribunal had observed that IGST collected at time of import is not levied under the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002780399\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Customs Act, 1962<\/a> or Customs Tariff Act. It was held that IGST is levied under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002534867\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5(1)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002928203\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017<\/a> and only the procedure for collection has been provided under Section 3 of the Customs Tariff Act. The case is, however, pending before the Supreme Court.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Be that as it may be, every now and then new issues keep on raking up on this issue. Recently, the Customs Authorities have started issuing show-cause notices to importers who claimed exemption from payment of IGST under Notification<a id=\"fnref2\" title=\"2. Notification No. 51\/1996-Customs dated 23-7-1996 , available at: &lt;http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/9m8M1R92&gt;\" href=\"#fn2\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a>. It is Department\u2019s contention that by virtue of Explanation 2 inserted in Notification No. 47\/2017-Integrated Tax (Rate) dated 14-11-2017, IGST was leviable on import of goods (claiming Notification No. 51\/1996-Customs) w.e.f. 15-11-2017 at the rate of 5%. Based on the above a demand of differential IGST along with interest and penalty is being made.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, #79a4d2);\">Understanding the notifications involved<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Originally, Notification No. 51\/1996-Customs, provided for Basic Customs Duty (\u2018BCD\u2019) and IGST exemption on import of scientific and technical instruments, apparatus, accessories, and consumables, etc., by public funded research institute or a university, Central or State Government Department or Laboratory, etc., subject to fulfilment of certain conditions as prescribed in the said notification. The said notification was amended vide Notification No. 42\/2022-Customs <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taxmanagementindia.com\/visitor\/Detail_Notification.asp?ID=138756\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dated 13-7-2022<\/a>, wherein the grant of exemption from payment of IGST was omitted w.e.f. 18-7-2022.<\/p>\n<p>Notification No. 47\/2017-Integrated Tax (Rate) (w.e.f. 15-11-2017), was also in operation wherein IGST was leviable at the rate of 5% on supply of similar goods to the aforementioned institutions. The following Explanation inserted vide Notification No. 10\/2018-Integrated Tax (Rate)dated 25-1-2018:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%; margin-left: 36pt;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Explanation 2<\/span>.\u2014For the purposes of this notification, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">exemption would be in line with the notification<\/span> of the Government of India, in the Ministry of Finance (Department of Revenue), <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">No. 51\/96-Customs dated 23-7-1996<\/span>, published in the was Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part II, Section 3 sub-section (<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">i<\/span>), vide number G.S.R. 303(E) dated 23-7-1996 and <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">is applicable with effect from 15-11-2017.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"background-image: linear-gradient(to left, #FFFFFF, #79a4d2);\">Reasons behind insertion of Explanation 2 in Notification No. 47\/2017-Integrated Tax (Rate)<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Department seems to have interpreted the phrase \u201cexemption would be in line with the notification\u201d to mean that IGST @ 5% was applicable retrospectively from 15-11-2017, even for the imports wherein benefit of Notification No. 51\/1996-Customs was being claimed towards both BCD and IGST.<\/p>\n<p>The above amendments to the IGST Notification were made pursuant to justification listed in the 23rd GST Council Meeting dated 10-11-2017. The relevant extract of the justification<a id=\"fnref3\" title=\"3. Agenda for 23rd GST Council Meeting dated 10-11-2017 available at &lt;https:\/\/gstcouncil.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/Agenda\/23-meeting\/Detailed%20Agenda.pdf&gt;.\" href=\"#fn3\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a> for changes in IGST rates is as follows:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">d<\/span>) While domestic goods are liable to GST.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">e<\/span>) This puts domestic manufacturers in a disadvantageous position.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">f<\/span>) 5% GST will to some extent restore level playing field for domestic manufacturers.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">g<\/span>) Full exemption from GST will not be advisable, as it will break the input tax credit chain and add to cost of domestic manufacturers.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">(<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">h<\/span>) <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">The above 5% concessional GST rate would be subject to conditions as per existing Notification No. 51\/96-Customs<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The above justifications, clarifies that concessional rate of 5% IGST was introduced to bring uniformity for both domestic manufacturers as well as importers dealing in scientific and technical instruments, etc. It also becomes clear that this 5% concessional rate for domestic players was subject to the conditions as existing in the Customs notification. In other words, it appears that vide Explanation 2, the IGST notification was only borrowing the specific compliance conditions for domestic manufacturers claiming 5% and not introducing a retrospective levy of IGST for imports.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In any case, from the importer\u2019s perspective, it can be argued that at the time of imports since two notifications levying IGST were in existence (one offering complete exemption and the other offering 5% concessional rate), the importer has right to choose the notification which is more beneficial to him.<a id=\"fnref4\" title=\"4. Share Medical Care v. Union of India, (2007) 4 SCC 573.\" href=\"#fn4\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">On the other hand, the Department may dispute the above interpretation and may take shelter of <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Commr. of Cutoms (Import)<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Dilip Kumar &amp; Co.<\/span><a id=\"fnref5\" title=\"5. (2018) 9 SCC 1.\" href=\"#fn5\"><sup>5<\/sup><\/a> to argue that benefit of ambiguity in an exemption notification cannot be claimed by the taxpayer and it must be interpreted in favour of the Department.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The importers who already have been issued with the show-cause notices may have to contest the same through adjudication route as provided in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002780399\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Customs Act, 1962<\/a>. Since the issue appears to be purely of interpretational nature, invocation of extended period under Section 28(4) of the Customs Act and penalty, if any, can be contested as well.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In our view, considering the availability of two benefits to the assesses importing goods for such research purposes, it will be advisable to approach the Board (Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs) through industry associations for an appropriate clarification on the admissibility of benefit of Notification No. 51\/1996-Customs, for IGST till the amendment in 18-7-2022.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Though, the above issue is restricted to a specific issue\/notification, but as a key takeaway, industries should proactively seek clarifications from the Board wherever there is an ambiguity with respect to the exemption notification. Such steps would help in saving precious time and resources of all the stakeholders spent in avoidable litigation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">* Partner., Lakshmikumaran &amp; Sridharan Attorneys<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">** Senior Associate, Lakshmikumaran &amp; Sridharan Attorneys<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn1\" href=\"#fnref1\">1.<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7KDkMQiE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2020 SCC OnLine CESTAT 268<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn2\" href=\"#fnref2\">2.<\/a> Notification No. 51\/1996-Customs dated 23-7-1996 , available at: &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/9m8M1R92\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/9m8M1R92<\/a>&gt;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn3\" href=\"#fnref3\">3.<\/a> Agenda for 23rd GST Council Meeting dated 10-11-2017 available at &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/gstcouncil.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/Agenda\/23-meeting\/Detailed%20Agenda.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/gstcouncil.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/Agenda\/23-meeting\/Detailed%20Agenda.pdf<\/a>&gt;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn4\" href=\"#fnref4\">4.<\/a> <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Share Medical Care<\/span> v. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Union of India<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/E1Mm4aZG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(2007) 4 SCC 573<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;\"><a id=\"fn5\" href=\"#fnref5\">5.<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Sb1HjTZG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(2018) 9 SCC 1<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Brijesh Kothary* and Chitrartha Gupta**<br \/>\nCite as: 2024 SCC OnLine Blog Exp 25<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":318251,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20271,54388],"tags":[66730,30790,30789,29538,66729,43542,6241,41929,25564,2621],"class_list":["post-318250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-experts_corner","category-lakshmikumaran-sridharan","tag-basic-customs-duty","tag-cbic","tag-central-board-of-indirect-taxes-and-customs","tag-customs","tag-customs-and-igst-notification","tag-customs-tariff-act","tag-gst","tag-igst","tag-import","tag-Tax"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO 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Act, 2017 (UP GST Act) and Integrated Goods and Services\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":248598,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/05\/22\/delhi-hc-i-cant-breathe-hc-calls-oxygen-shortage-a-george-floyd-moment-for-the-citizens-holds-imposition-of-igst-on-oxygen-concentrators-imported-by-ind\/","url_meta":{"origin":318250,"position":1},"title":"Del HC | \u201cI can\u2019t breathe\u201d; HC calls oxygen shortage a \u2018George Floyd moment for the citizens\u2019; holds imposition of IGST on oxygen concentrators imported by individuals, unconstitutional","author":"Editor","date":"May 22, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court: The Division Bench of Rajiv Shakdher and Talwant Singh, JJ., disposed of the petition which was filed in order to decide the constitutionality of imposition of IGST on the imported oxygen concentrators. 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(Judicial Member) allowed an appeal brief facts of which were that the appellants imported Lead Ingots and Refined Lead Ingots for manufacture of pure lead and lead alloys and had entered into contract with M\/s. KYEN Resources Pte. 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Pardiwala and A.C. Rao, JJ., declared the tax on Ocean Freight levied for transportation of goods in a vessel by a foreign seller, as ultra vires the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (IGST). 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