{"id":310633,"date":"2024-01-03T16:00:44","date_gmt":"2024-01-03T10:30:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=310633"},"modified":"2024-02-21T18:19:31","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T12:49:31","slug":"state-compensation-liability-advocate-handcuffing-just-cause-gauhati-hc-legal-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/01\/03\/state-compensation-liability-advocate-handcuffing-just-cause-gauhati-hc-legal-news\/","title":{"rendered":"Gauhati High Court holds State liable to compensate an advocate for handcuffing him without just cause"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Gauhati High Court:<\/span> In a writ petition filed by the petitioner under Article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001574969\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">226<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Constitution<\/a> for the violation of his basic fundamental rights under Article 21 for handcuffing him without just cause, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Devashis Baruah, J<\/span>. observed that it is high time that Assam Police Manual is required to be amended in accordance with the law laid down by the Supreme Court in in <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Sunil Batra v. Delhi Administration<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/3LRH96NC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(1978) 4 SCC 494<\/a> and <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Prem Shankar Shukla v Delhi Administration<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7EvBnJ7S\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(1980) 3 SCC 526<\/a>. The Court further observed in the case <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">of Sunil Batra<\/span> (supra) that bar fetters should be avoided as violative of human dignity, both within and without prisons.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Hence, the petition was allowed, and the Court held that respondent-State was liable to pay Rs 5 lakhs as compensation to the petitioner.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Background<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">In the instant case, an FIR was lodged on 05-10-2016 against the petitioner who was a law graduate enrolled with State Bar Council for manhandling a Home Guard of Assam Police, as the petitioner was not allowed to park his car near his house. The charges were framed against the petitioner under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561594\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">294<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561634\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">325<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561654\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">341<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561667\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">353<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (&#8220;IPC&#8221;). The petitioner also filed a cross FIR against the Home Guard under Sections 294\/323\/392\/511 of the IPC for verbally and physically abusing him and snatching his bag which contained Rs10,000.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The petitioner surrendered himself at the police station where he was detained and handcuffed. Further on 06-10-2016, he was produced before the Chief Judicial Magistrate and was under <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">continuous handcuffed condition<\/span> throughout his journey from the Court of Chief Judicial Magistrate to Central Jail, Guwahati.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Therefore, the petitioner being aggrieved by the act of the State, approached the Court by filing an instant writ petition for quashing the order and directing the respondents to pay adequate compensation for violating his fundamental rights by handcuffing him without any cause.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The respondents further contended that all necessary steps were taken according to the law when the petitioner was arrested and also charge sheet was submitted on the basis of the evidence and materials collected during the investigation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Issues raised before the Court<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">1.<\/span> Whether the petitioner who was arrested could have been handcuffed and if so, under what circumstances?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Sunil Batra (supra)<\/span> and observed <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">that &#8221; the indiscriminate resort to handcuffs when accused persons are taken to and from Court and expedient of forcing irons on prison inmates were held to be illegal and should be stopped forthwith save in small category of cases where an undertrial has a credible tendency for violence and escape.&#8221;<\/span> The Court further relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Prem Shankar Shukla (supra)<\/span> and observed that in extreme circumstances, handcuffs should be put on the prisoner and escorting authority must record the reasons for the same, otherwise the procedure would be unfair and bad in law.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Therefore, action of handcuffing by the respondents-was considered contrary to the law declared by the Supreme Court.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">2.<\/span> If there is any violation by the arresting officer, would the petitioner be entitled for the compensation and if so, to what amount?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court while contemplating on the said issue, relied on <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Nilabati Behera v State of Orrisa<\/span>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/i9f4nugx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(1993) 2 SCC 746<\/a>, and observed that when public functionaries violate the fundamental rights under Art. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001574949\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">21<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Constitution<\/a>, they are held liable to compensate as a remedy because, it is their duty to protect and preserve the rights of the people of our society.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court further observed that in the light of the law laid down by the Supreme Court in the afore-stated cases, Rule 214 of Assam Police Manual has been rendered archaic.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court stated that parading the petitioner in handcuffs not only violated his fundamental rights but also demeaned his prestige and dignity to carry out his profession of advocacy. Hence no amount of compensation can restore the loss of prestige and indignity caused to the petitioner.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Under such circumstances, the Court considering the loss suffered by the petitioner, held the respondent-authorities are liable to compensate the petitioner within a period of two months for handcuffing him without any cause.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Sabah Al Zarid v. State of Assam, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/89z0wxEc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2023 SCC OnLine Gau 4244<\/a>, decided on 20-12-2023<\/span>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Judgement by Justice Devashis Baruah<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Petitioner:<\/span> M. Biswas, Advocate<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">For the Respondent(s):<\/span> H. Sarma, Advocate<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">The High Court observed that Rule 214 of Assam Police Manual has rendered itself archaic and needs to be amended in accordance with the laws laid down by the Supreme Court.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":293354,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[3049,13681,64063,2728,3365,3268,25464,33020,14261,13551],"class_list":["post-310633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Arrest","tag-article-21","tag-assam-police-manual","tag-compensation","tag-detention","tag-Fundamental_Rights","tag-gauhati-high-court","tag-handcuffing","tag-penal-code","tag-writ-petition"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with 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