{"id":310278,"date":"2023-12-28T16:00:22","date_gmt":"2023-12-28T10:30:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=310278"},"modified":"2024-01-04T09:36:15","modified_gmt":"2024-01-04T04:06:15","slug":"calcutta-high-court-affirms-dismissal-of-order-7-rule-11-application-on-non-demonstration-of-grounds-of-rejection-scc-blog","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/12\/28\/calcutta-high-court-affirms-dismissal-of-order-7-rule-11-application-on-non-demonstration-of-grounds-of-rejection-scc-blog\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Incidental or non-essential observations do not constitute res judicata\u2019; Calcutta High Court affirms dismissal of Order 7 Rule 11 application"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Calcutta High Court:<\/span> In a petition preferred by the petitioners, defendants in a partition suit, challenging the order dated 20-09-2022 by the Civil Judge (Senior Division), Bongaon, thereby rejecting an application under Order 7 Rule 11<\/a> of the Civil Procedure Code, 1908<\/a> (CPC) seeking the dismissal of second partition suit on grounds of res-judicata, a single-judge bench comprising of Biswaroop Chowdhury,* J.<\/span>, found no error in the rejection of the application under Order 7 Rule 11 CPC as the same did not demonstrate grounds for rejection. The Court emphasised that the issue of res judicata involves questions of law and fact, best decided upon trial with evidence. The Court affirmed the order dated 20-09-2022, allowing all points to be decided at the trial.<\/p>\n

Factual Matrix<\/p>\n

In the instant matter, the respondents-Opposite Party 1 and 2 initiated a partition suit against the petitioners. On 01-12-2015, the court dismissed the partition suit for default. The respondents allegedly suppressing the dismissal, filed second partition suit on the same subject matter and the content of second partition suit closely mirrors first partition suit, with minor changes. The petitioners, in response to the second partition suit, filed an application under Order 7 Rule 11 of the CPC seeking dismissal. The Civil Judge (Senior Division), Bongaon, rejected the application vide order dated 20-09-2022. Aggrieved by the impugned order by the Civil Judge (Senior Division), Bongaon, the petitioner, challenged the same before the Court.<\/p>\n

Petitioners’ Contentions<\/p>\n

The petitioners argued that opposite party 1 and 2 previously filed a suit for the same cause of action, which was dismissed. It was contended that the principles of res judicata should apply, making the present suit legally barred.<\/p>\n

Court’s Analysis<\/p>\n

The Court examined the petition under this rule, which mandates the rejection of a plaint in specific circumstances. The Court observed that the petitioners fail to demonstrate any grounds for rejection as outlined in the rule. While referring to Bhau Ram<\/span> v. Janak Singh<\/span>, (2012) 8 SCC 701, the Court observed that while considering Order 7 Rule 11 CPC, the focus is on the averments in the plaint rather than the defenses in the written statement.<\/p>\n

The Court delved into Section 11 CPC, emphasising that res judicata applies to issues or entire suits and there must be a definite finding on the merits in the previous suit. The Court noted that the plea of res judicata cannot be sustained without a conscious adjudication on the merits. The Court emphasised that the issue of res judicata involves questions of law and fact, best decided upon trial with evidence.<\/p>\n

Court’s Decision<\/p>\n

The Court found no merit in the petitioners’ argument for rejection under Order 7 Rule 11 CPC. On the issue of res judicata, the Court emphasised the need for a conscious adjudication on the merits, which is lacking in the present case.<\/p>\n

The Court affirmed the order dated 20-09-2022 passed by the Civil Judge (Senior Division), Bongaon, rejecting the petitioners’ application under Order 7 Rule 11 CPC. The Court clarified that the Court has not delved into the merits of the suit, leaving all points open for determination during the trial and the order does not impede the parties from making necessary applications in accordance with the law.<\/p>\n

[Choleman Mandal v. Jalal Biswas, 2023 SCC OnLine Cal 5615<\/a>, order dated 22-12-2023<\/span>]<\/p>\n

*Judgment by Justice Biswaroop Chowdhury<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n

Mr. Sandip Das, Counsel for the Petitioner<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Calcutta High Court noted that the mere dismissal of the first suit does not automatically render the second suit barred by res judicata.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67514,"featured_media":290502,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[2689,7651,63922,59398,62457,5353,63923],"class_list":["post-310278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Calcutta_High_Court","tag-dismissal","tag-grounds-of-rejection","tag-justice-biswaroop-chowdhury","tag-order-7-rule-11","tag-res-judicata","tag-section-11-cpc"],"yoast_head":"\nCalcutta High Court affirms dismissal of Order 7 Rule 11 application on non-demonstration of grounds of rejection | SCC Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Calcutta High Court affirmed dismissal of Order 7 Rule 11 application on non-demonstration of grounds of rejection.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/12\/28\/calcutta-high-court-affirms-dismissal-of-order-7-rule-11-application-on-non-demonstration-of-grounds-of-rejection-scc-blog\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u2018Incidental or non-essential observations do not constitute res judicata\u2019; 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Shah, JJ. upheld the order of the Karnataka High Court whereby an application under Order 7 Rule 11 CPC (Rejection of plaint) filed by the appellant was dismissed.\u00a0 While deciding the appeal, the Supreme Court summarised the guiding\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-13.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-13.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-13.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-13.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-13.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":198954,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/07\/24\/findings-on-title-in-a-suit-for-injunction-operates-as-res-judicata-in-subsequent-suits-where-title-is-in-issue\/","url_meta":{"origin":310278,"position":1},"title":"Findings on title in a suit for injunction operates as res judicata in subsequent suits where title is in issue","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"July 24, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Valmiki Mehta, J. dismissed a regular first appeal filed under Section 96 CrPC, against the judgment of the trial court whereby appellant\u2019s suit was rejected as barred by res judicata. The suit for declaration, partition, possession and permanent injunction was filed\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":364446,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/10\/22\/orissa-hc-res-judicata-not-appliable-to-order-21-cpc\/","url_meta":{"origin":310278,"position":2},"title":"Orissa HC: Technical defects cannot defeat decree execution; Order 21 CPC excludes Res Judicata principle","author":"Editor","date":"October 22, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cIn case of passing an order to drop the execution proceedings on the ground of any technicality, the Judgment Debtor is not precluded under law to file a fresh application for execution providing correct particulars for making the execution petition executable.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Res Judicata not applicable to Order 21CPC","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Res-Judicata-not-applicable-to-Order-21CPC.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Res-Judicata-not-applicable-to-Order-21CPC.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Res-Judicata-not-applicable-to-Order-21CPC.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Res-Judicata-not-applicable-to-Order-21CPC.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":290829,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/04\/28\/explained-supreme-court-verdict-on-application-of-principle-of-res-judicata-and-other-cpc-provisions-legal-research-legal-news-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":310278,"position":3},"title":"Explained| Supreme Court judgment on application of principle of Res Judicata and other CPC provisions","author":"Apoorva","date":"April 28, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Supreme Court said that before examining the defendants\u2019 ground of res judicata to oppose the eviction petition, several aspects may have to be looked into, like whether such an issue was substantively at issue in the previous suit and similar such other questions may crop up.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"latest judgement of supreme court on res judicata","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/latest-judgement-of-supreme-court-on-res-judicata.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/latest-judgement-of-supreme-court-on-res-judicata.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/latest-judgement-of-supreme-court-on-res-judicata.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/latest-judgement-of-supreme-court-on-res-judicata.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":310189,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/12\/27\/calcutta-high-court-affirms-rejection-of-stay-application-under-section-10-cpc-scc-blog-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":310278,"position":4},"title":"Calcutta High Court affirms rejection of stay application under Section 10 CPC; Allows simultaneous Civil and Criminal proceedings","author":"Ritu","date":"December 27, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Calcutta High Court stated that Section 10 CPC applies to suits in civil court, not proceedings under special statutes.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"calcutta high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/calcutta-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/calcutta-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/calcutta-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/calcutta-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":214715,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/05\/16\/manipur-hc-mere-dismissal-of-earlier-suit-which-was-not-decided-on-merits-would-not-attract-res-judicata\/","url_meta":{"origin":310278,"position":5},"title":"Manipur HC | Mere dismissal of earlier suit which\u00a0was not decided on merits would not attract ‘res judicata’","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"May 16, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Manipur High Court: Kh. Nobin Singh, J. allowed civil revision petition questioning the validity and correctness of the order passed by the Civil Judge, Senior Division, Imphal East. 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