{"id":300054,"date":"2023-08-25T16:00:23","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T10:30:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=300054"},"modified":"2023-12-01T12:31:36","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T07:01:36","slug":"husband-live-in-partner-not-relative-prosecuted-for-cruelty-ipc-498-a-kerala-high-court","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/08\/25\/husband-live-in-partner-not-relative-prosecuted-for-cruelty-ipc-498-a-kerala-high-court\/","title":{"rendered":"Husband&#8217;s Live-in Partner not being a &#8216;relative&#8217; cannot be prosecuted for cruelty under IPC Section 498A: Kerala High Court"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Kerala High Court<\/span>: In a petition seeking to quash criminal proceedings under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\">498A<\/a> read with Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561652\">34<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\">Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (&#8216;IPC&#39;) initiated at the instance of a wife against the live-in partner of her husband, K. Babu J. held that a girlfriend\/live-in partner not being a relative as per <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\">IPC<\/a> Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\">498A<\/a> could not be prosecuted.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Factual Matrix<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The accused persons in the instant matter were the de facto complainant&#39;s husband, mother-in-law, brother-in-law and live-in partner. The marriage was solemnized on 31-01-2009 as per Hindu rites and customs. After their relationship got strained, the wife lodged the First Information Statement (&#8216;FIS&#39;) alleging that she was subjected to cruelty by her husband and his relatives, including his live-in partner. The Police accordingly registered First Information Report (&#8216;FIR&#39;) against the petitioner and other accused, conducted investigation and submitted a final report for offences punishable under Section 498-A r\/w Section 34 of IPC.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Court&#39;s Scanner on Section 498A of IPC<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court admitted that the petitioner in the instant matter was not a relative of the accused husband, but only a woman with whom he has had romantic or sexual relationships outside the marriage. The Court scrutinized the provision under Section 498A of IPC and expressed that &#8220;The specific language of the Section and the Explanation thereof led to the conclusion that the word &#8216;relative&#8217; would not include a woman with whom a man has had sexual relations outside of the marriage. By no stretch of imagination, a girlfriend or even a woman who maintains sexual relations with a man outside of marriage in an etymological sense would be a &#8216;relative&#8217;.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court emphasized the status within the purview of word &#8216;relative&#39;, which may either be conferred by blood, marriage or adoption. It further clarified with regard to the instant matter that in the absence of a marriage, the question of being a relative of another did not arise. The Court relied on U. Suvetha v. State, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7Wakz301\">(2009) 6 SCC 757<\/a> and Vijeta Gajra v. State (NCT of Delhi), <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/4o4Hv017\">(2010) 11 SCC 618<\/a> and expressed that &#8220;S.498A, IPC being a penal provision, would deserve strict construction, and unless a contextual meaning is required to be given to the statute, the said statute has to be construed strictly.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Therefore, the Court clarified that there was no scope for prosecution against the petitioner under Section 498A of IPC and quashed the FIR and final report filed against her.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Chandhini T.K. v. State of Kerala, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/WH381K52\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2023 SCC OnLine Ker 7965<\/a>, Order dated 3-08-2021<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 18pt;\">For State: Public Prosecutor M.K. Pushpalatha<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: #000080;\">Buy Penal Code, 1860 &nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERE<\/a><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebcwebstore.com\/product_info.php?products_id=1158\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"penal code, 1860\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-294601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-440x293.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-650x433.jpg 650w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860.jpg 886w, https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/penal-code-1860-60x40.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;By no stretch of imagination, a girlfriend or even a woman who maintains sexual relations with a man outside of marriage in an etymological sense would be a &#8216;relative&#8217;.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67513,"featured_media":293587,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[56716,60534,56717,2523,12271,27214,44295],"class_list":["post-300054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-498a-ipc","tag-cruelty-by-husband","tag-ipc-498a","tag-Kerala_High_Court","tag-live-in-partner","tag-live-in-relationship","tag-section-498a"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Live-in Partner of husband not relative to be prosecuted for cruelty under IPC 498A: Kerala High Court | SCC Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kerala High Court recently clarified that a live-in partner was not a relative within the meaning of cruelty under IPC Section 498A.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/08\/25\/husband-live-in-partner-not-relative-prosecuted-for-cruelty-ipc-498-a-kerala-high-court\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Husband&#039;s Live-in Partner not being a &#039;relative&#039; 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