{"id":286497,"date":"2023-03-06T17:00:18","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T11:30:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=286497"},"modified":"2023-03-06T16:33:02","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T11:03:02","slug":"sc-reiterates-guidelines-for-power-under-section-319-crpc-legal-research-legal-news-updates","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/03\/06\/sc-reiterates-guidelines-for-power-under-section-319-crpc-legal-research-legal-news-updates\/","title":{"rendered":"Trial in a Dowry Death case prompts Supreme Court to reiterate guidelines for exercising powers under Section 319 of CrPC"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\tdocument.title = 'SC reiterates guidelines for power under section 319 CrPC | SCC Blog'\n\tdocument.querySelector('meta[name=\"description\"]').setAttribute(\"content\", \"Supreme Court reiterated the guidelines in Sukhpal Singh Khaira case for summoning an additional accused under Section 319 Criminal Procedure Code.\");\n<\/script><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><b>Supreme Court:<\/b> In a Criminal Appeal challenging the Punjab &amp; Haryana High Court&#8217;s judgment ordering summoning of appellants as additional accused under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">Criminal Procedure Code, 1973<\/a> (&#8216;CrPC&#8217;) while setting aside the Trial Court&#8217;s order, the Division Bench of <b>Surya Kant<\/b>* and J.K. Maheshwari, JJ. modified the High Court&#8217;s judgment sustaining the summoning of the appellant residing in the same house in a case of dowry death, while setting aside the same for other appellants due to lack of evidence of meddling with the affairs of the deceased.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The present matter relates to death of the deceased within 7 months of marriage. An FIR was registered under Sections <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561611\">304-B<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561850\">498-A<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561742\">406<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561632\">323<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001561652\">34<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726960\">Penal Code, 1860<\/a> (&#8216;IPC&#8217;) for respondent alleging dissatisfaction of the groom&#8217;s family with the dowry given and subjecting the deceased to continuous torture and harassment. The husband and mother-in-law of the deceased are facing trial, while the investigating agency did not find any incriminating material against the other appellants (father-in-law, sister-in-law and brother-in-law).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Trial Court at Nuh dismissed the respondent&#8217;s application for summoning the appellants as additional accused in the matter observing that the power under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">CrPC<\/a> ought to be exercised only if the evidence on record strongly indicates the possible involvement of persons aimed to be prosecuted. The Court also opined that the case does not hint towards the appellants committing any offence for being tried together with the two accused.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The High Court set aside the Trial Court&#8217;s order dated 12-07-2018 and ordered summoning of the appellants under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">CrPC<\/a> as additional accused observing that the insinuations against the appellants were the same as the accused facing trial. The High Court viewed the existence of sufficient grounds for summoning the appellants as additional accused in the present matter. The present matter challenges the High Court&#8217;s decision.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court acknowledged the alleged offence to be grave and heinous in nature. It further added that &#8220;the long arms of law must find out whether any person is guilty of abetting or taking away the precious life of a young girl who met with such a tragic end soon after her marriage.&#8221; However, the Court confined itself to considering whether there is sufficient evidence against the appellants for summoning them as additional accused.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court referred to the decision of Constitution Bench in <i>Hardeep Singh<\/i> v. <i>State of Punjab<\/i>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/KG647QLJ\">(2014) 3 SCC 92<\/a> laying for broader understanding of &#8216;evidence&#8217; and application of Section 319 during inquiry to be taken in its correct perspective, to be exclusively exercised when strong and cogent evidence is available.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court relied on <i>Sukhpal Singh Khaira<\/i> v. <i>State of Punjab<\/i>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/cV9c9y55\">(2023) 1 SCC 289<\/a> wherein, the Court refreshed the guidelines to be followed by the competent court while exercising power under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">CrPC<\/a> laying for summoning as additional accused if the evidence points at any person other than the accused being tried excluded in the charge sheet or trial.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court, through conjoint reading of the above matters concluded that the power of summoning under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">CrPC<\/a> should not be exercised routinely, and the existence of more than a prima facie case is sine qua non for summoning an additional accused.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Adverting to the present matter alleging active role of appellants, the Court observed the respondent&#8217;s examination-in-chief revealing the appellant&#8217;s (father-in-law&#8217;s) demand for spending a sum of Rs 20 lakhs on the deceased&#8217;s marriage. Living under the same roof as the two accused, the Court observed that &#8220;the appellant might have to sink or swim with his son and wife.&#8221; Thus, the High Court&#8217;s order summoning the father-in-law satisfied the ingredients of Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">CrPC<\/a> in the Court&#8217;s opinion. The Court held that the appellant father-in-law has been rightly summoned, liable to be tried along with his wife and son.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">For the other two appellants, i.e., sister-in-law and brother-in-law of the deceased, the Court noticed the lack of credible evidence for connecting them with the unnatural death of the deceased, since there is no cogent evidence of the appellants residing in the same house or meddling in the marital life of the deceased. Thus, the Court found it unjust to involve the two of them in facing trial as the additional accused.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court sustained the summoning of the father-in-law of the deceased and set aside the High Court&#8217;s order with respected to the other two appellants, i.e., sister-in-law and brother-in-law of the deceased.<\/p>\n<p>The Court directed the Trial Court to follow the guidelines extensively iterated by the Constitution Bench in <i>Sukhpal Singh Khaira<\/i> (Supra) to be followed by the Court while exercising the powers under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">CrPC<\/a>, as pointed below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>To pause the trial before passing of the order on acquittal or sentence, if evidence or application under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">CrPC<\/a> is filed.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>To first decide the need or summon the additional accused and pass orders.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>To pass order for summoning under Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001519596\">319<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726935\">CrPC<\/a> before proceeding further with the trial.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>To apply its mind for trying such summoned accused separately, or along with the other accused.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">To commence fresh trial only after securing presence of summoned accused, if joint trial is decided.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">There is no impediment for the Court to continue and conclude the trial against the accused being proceeded with, if decided for separate trial of the summoned accused.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Juhru v. Karim, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Tj6Vk74D\">2023 SCC OnLine SC 171<\/a>, judgment dated 21-02-2023<\/span>]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Judgment authored by: Justice Surya Kant.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"V4nLdjW28g\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/02\/10\/know-thy-judge-justice-surya-kant\/\">Know Thy Judge | Justice Surya Kant<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Know Thy Judge | Justice Surya Kant&#8221; &#8212; SCC Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/02\/10\/know-thy-judge-justice-surya-kant\/embed\/#?secret=fwE8w2VLdW#?secret=V4nLdjW28g\" data-secret=\"V4nLdjW28g\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><i>The Supreme Court directed the Trial Court to follow the guidelines extensively iterated by the Constitution Bench in the case of Sukhpal Singh Khaira for summoning the appellant as an additional accused.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67513,"featured_media":286504,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[13671,6691,33161,55792,5363],"class_list":["post-286497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-criminal-procedure-code","tag-dowry-death","tag-section-319-crpc","tag-section-319-crpc-analysis","tag-supreme-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - 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319 CrPC power to be exercised before pronouncement of order of sentence or acquittal, as the case may be; SC enumerates 12 guidelines","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"December 7, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"On 10.05.2019, a division Bench had observed that the question with regard to the actual stage at which the trial is said to have concluded is required to be authoritatively considered since the power under Section 319 of CrPC is extraordinary in nature.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case 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summoning the revisionists to answer the accusations under Section 319 of Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) as no prima facie case is made out\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/MicrosoftTeams-image27.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":51041,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2016\/06\/08\/power-of-courts-under-s-319-crpc-to-proceed-against-other-persons-appearing-to-be-guilty-of-offense-is-a-discretionary-and-an-extra-ordinary\/","url_meta":{"origin":286497,"position":2},"title":"Power of Courts under S. 319 CrPC to proceed against other persons appearing to be guilty of offense is a discretionary and an extra-ordinary","author":"Sucheta","date":"June 8, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Punjab and Haryana High Court: \u00a0In a review petition filed against the order of learned Additional Sessions Judge, Faridakot in which the Petitioner has been summoned to face trial as an additional accused for cheating, forgery of documents and criminal conspiracy, the Court discussed the provision under Section 319 CrPC\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":212114,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/03\/15\/sc-cant-summon-additional-accused-under-section-319-crpc-in-the-absence-of-strong-and-cogent-evidence\/","url_meta":{"origin":286497,"position":3},"title":"SC| Can\u2019t summon additional accused under Section 319 CrPC in the absence of strong and cogent evidence","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"March 15, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: In case where a man tried to rope in other relatives of his wife in a criminal proceeding that he had initiated against his in-laws, the bench of Dr. DY Chandrachud and Hemant Gupta, JJ held that mere disclosing the names of the appellants cannot be said to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, 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Sensitivity to the social context, where honour and shame weigh heavily, was called for. 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