{"id":282818,"date":"2023-01-31T18:00:50","date_gmt":"2023-01-31T12:30:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=282818"},"modified":"2023-02-02T16:55:10","modified_gmt":"2023-02-02T11:25:10","slug":"bombay-high-court-quashes-fir-filed-giving-criminal-nature-to-civil-offence-application-having-technica-fault-as-affidavit-not-in-compliance-of-criminal-manual-legalnews-legalawareness-legalresearch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/01\/31\/bombay-high-court-quashes-fir-filed-giving-criminal-nature-to-civil-offence-application-having-technica-fault-as-affidavit-not-in-compliance-of-criminal-manual-legalnews-legalawareness-legalresearch\/","title":{"rendered":"[S.156(3) CrPC] Bombay High Court| Affidavit not in compliance with Chapter VII of the Criminal Manual is deemed non-compliance with the mandatory requirement of filing an affidavit"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Bombay High Court:<\/b> The criminal writ petitions are filed by the petitioners who are the ex-managing director and ex-directors of ‘Global Energy Private Limited’ (‘company’) registered under the Companies Act, 1956<\/a>, challenging the order passed by Judicial Magistrate First Class, Nagpur directing to carry out the investigation under section 156(3)<\/a> of the Criminal Procedure Code<\/a> (CrPC), a division bench of Sunil B Shukre and M W Chandwani, JJ., quashed the impugned order and held that the case is only of breach of contract and the civil dispute has been given the color of a criminal offence, thus, the continuation of the proceedings against the petitioners will be an abuse of process of criminal law.<\/p>\n

The ‘company’ entered into an agreement with Respondent 2, Siddhayu Ayurvedic Research Foundation Private Limited (‘Foundation’) which is a generating company within the meaning of Section 2(28)<\/a> of the Electricity Act, 2003<\/a>, and operates a wind energy generating facility for the sale and purchase of wind energy for a period of ten years. Due to non-payments of due by the Company and disputes between them, Siddhayu Ayurvedic Research Foundation terminated the agreement. Meanwhile, it also filed for recovery before Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission and appeal before Appellate Tribunal for Electricity.<\/p>\n

However, pending the previous litigation proceedings, Foundation filed complaint(s) against the company before the Economic Offence Wing (EOW), Pune and Nagpur respectively, where both found the matter to be of civil nature. It further filed an application under section 156(3)<\/a> of CrPC<\/a> before Judicial Magistrate First Class, Nagpur which directed respondent 1-State to conduct the investigation. Pursuant to this, FIR was registered, and the present petition assails the instant FIR and seeks quashing of the same.<\/p>\n

On the issue of non-compliance with the mandatory requirement of filing an affidavit in support of the application\/complaint u\/s 156(3)<\/a> of CrPC<\/a>, the Court placed reliance on Priyanka Srivastava<\/i> v. State of Uttar Pradesh<\/i>, (2015) 6 SCC 287<\/a>, Sayed Anwar Ahmed<\/i> v. State of Maharashtra<\/i>, 2017 SCC OnLine Bom 3972<\/a>, and noted that the application is supported by an affidavit in the form of solemn affirmation, but it does not substantially comply with the requirements set out in paragraph 5 and 8 of chapter VII of the Criminal Manual.<\/p>\n

The Court further recorded that only at the foot of the complaint, paragraph in the form of solemn affirmation has been made without mentioning what portion of the statement in the application\/complaint is made on the personal knowledge of the declarant and what portion of the statement in the application\/complaint is made by him based on information and belief, thus, there is non-compliance of mandatory requirement i.e., filing of the proper affidavit.<\/p>\n

On the allegations of cheating in the FIR, the Court noted that mere breach of contract is not in itself a criminal offense and only gives rise to civil liability for damages. While breach of contract cannot give rise to criminal prosecution for cheating, fraudulent or dishonest intention is the basis of the offense of cheating and criminal breach of trust which is to be determined by the facts of the case.<\/p>\n

The Court observed that the allegations in the complaint and clauses of the agreement clarify that the relation between the Company and the Foundation was of purchaser and seller, respectively, and the main grievance in the application\/complaint u\/s. 156(3) is non-payment of the outstanding due by the Company.<\/p>\n

The Court concluded that a big chunk of the amount towards the transaction is already paid and only a small portion is outstanding against the company which falsifies the allegation that the company had no intention, since inception to honour its commitment towards making payment, as per the contract.<\/p>\n

The Court remarked that mere allegations that the Company induced the Foundation to enter into the agreement and since inception, it had the intention not to perform the obligations fully as envisaged to the agreement will not make a civil dispute into a criminal offence of cheating.<\/i><\/p>\n

On allegations of breach of trust, the Court noted that the very nature of the transaction in the agreement is of sale and purchase and not entrustment of the property in trust, there is no question of attracting the provisions of sections 406<\/a> or 409<\/a> of the IPC<\/a>. Thus, the Court held that there is no commission of offences under sections 406<\/a> and 409<\/a> of IPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[Harry Inder Dhaul v. State of Maharashtra, 2023 SCC OnLine Bom 200<\/a>, decided on 18-01-2023<\/span>]<\/p>\n\n

Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n

Mr. S.S. Dewani, Advocate, for the petitioners in all Petitions;<\/p>\n

Mr. S.S. Doifode, APP, for respondent 1 and 3 in all Petitions;<\/p>\n

Mr. Darasing J. Sindhu, Advocate, for respondent 2 in all Petitions.<\/p>\n\n

*Arunima Bose, Editorial Assistant has reported this brief.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There should be no scope for the declarant to escape on the technical grounds from responsibility attached to the statement made by him in the affidavit. Unless those compliances, referred to in paragraphs 5 and 8 of chapter VII of the Criminal Manual are complied with, it will be difficult to hold the person making a declaration on oath responsible for the statement made on an oath.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":278061,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[29879,2518,32378,36534,31731,14341,15061,32849,30361,12521,14261,3009],"class_list":["post-282818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-affidavit","tag-Bombay_High_Court","tag-cheating","tag-civil-offence","tag-compliance","tag-criminal-breach-of-trust","tag-criminal-manual","tag-criminal-offence","tag-ibc","tag-nclt","tag-penal-code","tag-recovery"],"yoast_head":"\n[S.156(3) CrPC] Bombay High Court| 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Dangre, JJ., quashed the criminal proceedings for the offence punishable under Sections 354, 504, 506 and 509 of IPC,1860 on dispute being settled amicably by the parties. The case was filed against Ness Nusli Wadia by\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":149624,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/08\/14\/applications-under-s-1563-crpc-are-to-be-supported-by-an-affidavit-duly-sworn-to-by-applicant-invoking-jurisdiction-of-the-magistrate\/","url_meta":{"origin":282818,"position":2},"title":"Applications under S. 156(3) CrPC are to be supported by an affidavit duly sworn to by applicant invoking jurisdiction of the Magistrate","author":"Saba","date":"August 14, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Karnataka High Court: While passing the order in a criminal petition filed under Section 482 CrPC praying to quash the proceedings in the investigation in a criminal case, a Single Judge Bench of K.N. Phaneendra,J. held that direction of investigation under Section 156(3) warrants application of judicial mind. Litigant cannot\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":181944,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/01\/17\/applications-s-1563-crpc-supported-affidavit-duly-sworn-applicant\/","url_meta":{"origin":282818,"position":3},"title":"Applications under S. 156(3) CrPC are to be supported by an affidavit duly sworn in by applicant","author":"Saba","date":"January 17, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Karnataka High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of K.N. Phaneendra, J., decided a criminal petition filed under Section 482 of CrPC, wherein it quashed the order passed by the learned Magistrate under Section 156(3) of CrPC directing investigation in a criminal case. The respondent-applicant had filed a private complaint\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":239638,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/11\/25\/kar-hc-is-it-mandatory-to-file-an-affidavit-for-invocation-of-jurisdiction-of-magistrate-under-s-1563-crpc-petition-allowed-partly\/","url_meta":{"origin":282818,"position":4},"title":"Kar HC | Is it mandatory to file an affidavit for invocation of jurisdiction of Magistrate under S. 156(3) CrPC? Petition allowed partly","author":"Editor","date":"November 25, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Karnataka High Court: John Michael Cunha J., allowed the petition partly stating that Section 156(3) CrPC applications are to be supported by an affidavit duly sworn by the applicant who seeks the invocation of the jurisdiction of the Magistrate. The facts of the case are such that Respondent 2 presented\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":281321,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/01\/09\/bombay-high-court-grants-interim-bail-chanda-kochhar-deepak-kochhar-reasons-of-arrest-in-arrest-memo-violative-of-mandate-of-section41-section41a-criminal-procedure-code-in-icici-videocon-loan-scam-ca\/","url_meta":{"origin":282818,"position":5},"title":"\u2018Reason to arrest after four years, not spelt out in the arrest memos’; Bombay High Court grants interim bail to Chanda Kochhar and husband Deepak Kochhar","author":"Editor","date":"January 9, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The reason given in the arrest memos to arrest the petitioners, having regard to the facts, appears to be casual, mechanical and perfunctory, clearly without application of mind. The grounds for arrest of the petitioners mentioned in the arrest memos clearly breach the mandatory provisions of Sections 41 and 41-A\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Bombay-High-Court-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=282818"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282818\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/278061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=282818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=282818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=282818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}