{"id":28011,"date":"2015-12-03T13:07:34","date_gmt":"2015-12-03T07:37:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=28011"},"modified":"2015-12-14T16:34:57","modified_gmt":"2015-12-14T11:04:57","slug":"prior-sanction-necessary-before-issuing-summons-to-public-servants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2015\/12\/03\/prior-sanction-necessary-before-issuing-summons-to-public-servants\/","title":{"rendered":"Prior sanction necessary before issuing summons to public servants"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Supreme Court: <\/strong>Addressing the present case where summons were issued to the public servants without obtaining sanction from the Central Government, the division bench of V. Gopala Gowda and Amitava Roy, J.J. held that, where a public servant has been accused of criminal conspiracy in the discharge of his official duty, it is obligatory to obtain prior sanction from the Central Government under Section 197 of Cr.P.C. Furthermore, where a public servant has been charged under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (PCA), prior sanction is necessary under Section 19 of the PCA.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A Criminal Case was registered under Section 120-B of IPC read with Sections 13 (1) (d) and 13 (2) of the PCA, against N.K. Ganguly, the Director General of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), for illegal transfer of land from Institute of Cytology &amp; Preventive Oncology (ICPO) to ICPO- ICMR. The Special Judge of Anti Corruption, CBI issued summons against the appellants for trial of such offences. Aggrieved by the Order, the appellants appealed to the Allahabad High Court, requesting it to quash the proceedings. The High Court refused to interfere with the order and therefore an appeal was filed in the Supreme Court.\u00a0 Gopal Subramanium, on behalf of the appellants contended that, prior sanction is a mandatory requirement under Section 197, Cr.P.C. as the act was done by the public servants during the discharge of their official duty. Kiran Suri, on behalf of the respondents, contended that the sanction was not required as the appellants had entered into criminal conspiracy, which cannot be said to be a part of their official duty.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court, placing reliance on <em>Shreekantiah Ramayya Munipalli v. State of Bombay, <\/em>AIR (1955) SC 287, interpreted that the ambit of Section 197, Cr.P.C is to assert that the act of criminal conspiracy is within the ambit of official duty. The Court thus set aside the order of the High Court and quashed the proceedings taking cognizance and issuing summons to the appellants.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 [<em>Prof. N.K. Ganguly <\/em>v<em>. CBI New Delhi, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/LoginForNewsLink\/2015_SCC_OnLine_SC_1205\">2015, SCC OnLine SC 1205<\/a>, Decided on 19-11-2015]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court: Addressing the present case where summons were issued to the public servants without obtaining sanction from the Central Government, the <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":27341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Prior sanction necessary before issuing summons to public 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These are the offences which are solely committed for personal gains. These crimes are affecting every part of the country\u2019s economic structure and wrecking the people\u2019s faith in the system.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Gujarat High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gujarat-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gujarat-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gujarat-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Gujarat-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":371361,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/12\/31\/jhar-hc-sanction-under-s197-not-corruption-shield\/","url_meta":{"origin":28011,"position":2},"title":"Jharkhand HC: Sanction under S. 197 CrPC not a shield for corruption; Cognizance against ex-IAS officer upheld","author":"Soumya Yadav","date":"December 31, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cSanction under section 197 CrPC is only for the acts reasonably connected to official duty, not personal illegal acts even if done by the public servants.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Section 197 not corruption shield","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Section-197-not-corruption-shield.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Section-197-not-corruption-shield.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Section-197-not-corruption-shield.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Section-197-not-corruption-shield.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":253791,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/09\/07\/no-prosecution-against-public-servants\/","url_meta":{"origin":28011,"position":3},"title":"Ker HC | No prosecution against public servants without prior approval of government; HC dismisses CBI\u2019s revision petition","author":"Editor","date":"September 7, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Kerala High Court: Narayana Pisharadi, J., dismissed the revision petition filed by CBI due to its failure to obtain prior sanction of government before prosecuting public servants. The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) had filed the instant revision petition to assail the order of the Special Judge for CBI Cases,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":342312,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/02\/26\/excess-use-power-by-customs-officers-on-complainant-to-extract-truth-be-construed-as-act-linked-to-their-official-duty-rajasthan-high-court-scc-times\/","url_meta":{"origin":28011,"position":4},"title":"S. 197 CrPC | Excess use of power by Customs officers to \u2018extract truth\u2019 is an act done in discharge of official duty: Rajasthan High Court","author":"Ritu","date":"February 26, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cSanction of the Government, to prosecute a public officer, for any act related to the discharge of official duty, is imperative to protect the public officer from facing harassive, retaliatory, revengeful, and frivolous proceedings.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Rajasthan High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rajasthan-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":213487,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/04\/10\/pat-hc-prevention-of-corruption-act-complaint-against-public-servant-requires-prior-sanction-of-the-competent-authority\/","url_meta":{"origin":28011,"position":5},"title":"Pat HC | Prevention of Corruption Act: Complaint against public servant requires prior sanction of the Competent Authority","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"April 10, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Patna High Court: The Bench of Ahsanuddin Amanullah, J. quashed criminal proceedings filed under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 against a Panchayat Secretary, on the ground that the same lacked proper sanction of the competent authority. Petitioner moved the Court under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28011","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28011"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28011\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}