{"id":279146,"date":"2022-12-06T10:00:10","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T04:30:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=279146"},"modified":"2022-12-09T09:34:03","modified_gmt":"2022-12-09T04:04:03","slug":"delhi-high-court-grants-rs-2-crore-damages-to-adobe-in-a-trade-mark-infringement-suit-against-a-cyber-squatter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/12\/06\/delhi-high-court-grants-rs-2-crore-damages-to-adobe-in-a-trade-mark-infringement-suit-against-a-cyber-squatter\/","title":{"rendered":"Delhi High Court grants Rs. 2 Crore damages to Adobe in a trade mark infringement suit against a cyber squatter"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\">&#160; &#160;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><b>Delhi High Court:<\/b> In a trade mark infringement suit filed by <i>Adobe Inc.<\/i> for protection of its marks <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i>, <i>&#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217;<\/i> and &#8216;SPARK&#8217;, the Single Judge Bench of C. Hari Shankar, J. permanently restrained Namase Patel, a habitual cyber squatter from registering any domain names which incorporated or used trade marks <i>ADOBE&#8217;<\/i>, <i>&#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217;<\/i> and <i>&#8216;SPARK&#8217;<\/i> in a manner which would result in infringement of Adobe&#8217;s marks. Further, the Court granted Rs. 2 Crore damages to Adobe.<\/p>\n<p><b>Background<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Adobe Inc. (plaintiff) was founded in 1982 and was the second largest US based personal software company. The present suit was concerned with<i> &#8216;ADOBE&#8217;, &#8216;SPARK&#8217;\/&#8216;ADOBE SPARK&#8217;<\/i> and <i>&#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217;<\/i> trademarks, which were registered in favour of the plaintiff and were being infringed by Namase Patel (Defendant 1). Plaintiff claimed to have adopted the word mark <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i> in 1986 and had been using it for its products and services worldwide. The Court in <i>Adobe Systems Inc.<\/i> v. <i>Rohat Rathi<\/i>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002137030\">2008 SCC OnLine Del 697<\/a> recognized <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i> to be a well-known trade mark within Section <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001563661\">2(zg)<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002776236\">Trade Marks Act, 1999<\/a> (Act).<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Plaintiff asserted that the use of mark <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i> commenced in India in 1993 and <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i> formed part of the domain names <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobe.com\">www.adobe.com<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobe.net\">www.adobe.net<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobe.in\">www.adobe.in<\/a>, which were<i><\/i>owned by the plaintiff. Further, plaintiff claimed proprietorial rights in respect of the trade mark <i>&#8216;SPARK&#8217;\/&#8217;ADOBE SPARK&#8217;<\/i>, which though not registered in India, was used by the plaintiff to its suite of mobile and web tools used to create visual content.<\/p>\n<p><b>Submissions on behalf of the Plaintiff<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Plaintiff submitted that Defendant 1 infringed the plaintiff&#8217;s <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i> mark by his domain names <a href=\"http:\/\/www.addobe.com\">www.addobe.com<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobee.com\">www.adobee.com<\/a> and was using several sub-domains related to well-known trademarks of the plaintiff such as <i>&#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217;<\/i> and <i>&#8216;SPARK&#8217;<\/i> which were being used for the purpose of infecting an unsuspecting user&#8217;s computer with malware and thus, infringing the marks <i>&#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217;<\/i> and <i>&#8216;SPARK&#8217;<\/i> as well. Moreover, Defendant 1 was using the <i>&#8216;catch-all&#8217;<\/i> e-mail service provided by <a href=\"http:\/\/Above.com\">Above.com<\/a>, through which the defendant was securing access to confidential e-mails including e-mails of her client. Therefore, plaintiff prayed for permanent injunction restraining Defendant 1 from registering any domain names which incorporate <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i> or any similar variant thereof which would amount to infringement of the trade marks of the plaintiff.<\/p>\n<p><b>Analysis, Law, and Decision<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court noted that plaintiff placed on record an affidavit, which deposed on oath that forensic investigation revealed that the domains <a href=\"http:\/\/www.addobe.com\">www.addobe.com<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobee.com\">www.adobee.com<\/a> had been configured with the brands of <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i> products, such as <i>&#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217;<\/i> and <i>&#8216;ADOBE SPARK&#8217;<\/i>. The Court also noted that the plaintiff placed on record the orders passed by the <i>National Arbitration Forum<\/i> and the <i>WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center<\/i>, which revealed that Defendant 1 was habitually involved in cyber-squatting and infringing of domain names of various entities. Thus, the Court opined that <i>&#8220;the orders indicated that Defendant 1 was an inveterate cyber squatter, whose main sphere of activities involved infringing well-known domain names by using deceptively similar domain names and thereafter indulging in further misuse and infringing activities&#8221;<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>The Court relied on <i>Satyam Infoway Ltd.<\/i> v. <i>Siffynet Solutions (P) Ltd.<\/i>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0000034802\">(2004) 6 SCC 145<\/a> and had passed the following order in <i>Adobe, Inc.<\/i> v. <i>Namase Patel<\/i>, CS (COMM) 159 of 2022 on 11-03-2022:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>Defendant 1 and anyone else acting on behalf of Defendant 1, was restrained from using the infringing domains being <a href=\"http:\/\/www.addobe.com\">www.addobe.com<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobee.com\">www.adobee.com<\/a> and from registering any domain name, which incorporated the plaintiffs trade mark <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i> or <i>&#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217;<\/i> or <i>&#8216;SPARK&#8217;<\/i> or any other variants thereof.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">Defendants were directed to block the infringing domains, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.addobe.com\">www.addobe.com<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobee.com\">www.adobee.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The Court noted that the order passed earlier by this Court had been complied with and the infringing domains <a href=\"http:\/\/www.addobe.com\">www.addobe.com<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobee.com\">www.adobee.com<\/a> had been blocked. Thus, the Court held that:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>Defendant 1 as well as his employees, servants, agents, representatives and other associated with him shall stand permanently restrained from registering any domain names which incorporated or otherwise used the plaintiff&#8217;s trade mark <i>&#8216;ADOBE&#8217;<\/i>, <i>&#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217;<\/i> or <i>&#8216;SPARK&#8217;<\/i> in a manner which would infringe the plaintiff&#8217;s registered trade marks or would otherwise infringe the said trade mark.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Access to the websites <a href=\"http:\/\/www.addobe.com\">www.addobe.com<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobee.com\">www.adobee.com<\/a> shall remain blocked.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Defendants were directed to transfer the domain names <a href=\"http:\/\/www.addobe.com\">www.addobe.com<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.adobee.com\">www.adobee.com<\/a> to the plaintiff, to avoid their misuse after expiry of their term.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>A decree of permanent injunction was passed to restrain Defendant 1 from disclosing any confidential material received by him relating to the plaintiff or any third party.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">The plaintiff was entitled to the damages of Rs. 2,00,01,000.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\">[<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Adobe, Inc v. Namase Patel, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/LrF71xQO\">2022 SCC OnLine Del 4190<\/a>, decided on 29-11-2022<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>Advocates who appeared in this case:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\">For the Plaintiff: Advocate Shwetasree Majumder;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 36pt;\">Advocate Tanya Varma;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 36pt;\">Advocate Prithvi Gulati;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\">For the Defendants: CGSC Harish Vaidyanathan Shankar;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 36pt;\">Advocate Azhar Qayum;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 36pt;\">Advocate Srish Kumar Mishra;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 36pt;\">Advocate Sagar Mehlawat;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 36pt;\">Advocate Sagar Mehlawat.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><i>The Delhi High Court, in a suit for trade mark infringement by a habitual cyber squatter, Namase Patel over Adobe&#8217;s marks &#8216;ADOBE&#8217;, &#8216;PHOTOSHOP&#8217; and &#8216;SPARK&#8217;, granted Rs. 2 Crore as damages to Adobe.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":278068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[53403,53409,53413,53402,3755,53412,3215,53408,53410,14201,53404,53406,53405,53407,2616,52951,53200,53411],"class_list":["post-279146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-adobe","tag-catch-all","tag-confidential-material","tag-cyber-squatter","tag-damages","tag-habitual-cyber-squatter","tag-infringement","tag-malware","tag-national-arbitration-forum","tag-permanent-injunction","tag-photoshop","tag-proprietorial-rights","tag-spark","tag-sub-domains","tag-Trade_Mark","tag-trade-marks-act-1999","tag-well-known","tag-wipo-arbitration-and-mediation-center"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium 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