{"id":273645,"date":"2022-09-13T17:00:14","date_gmt":"2022-09-13T11:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=273645"},"modified":"2022-09-13T17:00:14","modified_gmt":"2022-09-13T11:30:14","slug":"madras-high-court-code-of-criminal-procedure-narcotic-drugs-and-psychotropic-substances-act-1985-preponderance-of-probability-heroin-animus-culpabl-mental-state-wheat-flour-tamarind-narcotics-contr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/09\/13\/madras-high-court-code-of-criminal-procedure-narcotic-drugs-and-psychotropic-substances-act-1985-preponderance-of-probability-heroin-animus-culpabl-mental-state-wheat-flour-tamarind-narcotics-contr\/","title":{"rendered":"Madras High Court set aside conviction of the accused for possessing Heroin believing it to be tamarind and wheat flour; observes in some peculiar circumstances the knowledge of contraband cannot be attributed to the accused"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\n

Madras High Court<\/span>: In an appeal filed under Section 374(2)<\/a> of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973<\/a> (CrPC) r\/w Section 36-B<\/a> of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Act, 1985<\/a> (\u2018NDPS Act’) to set aside the conviction and sentence rendered by the Trial Court, G. Jayachandran, J. has set aside the conviction of the appellant\/accused, and has observed that by preponderance of probability, he has established the absence of knowledge, further the evidence relied by the complainant does not prove that the appellant was conscious of the presence of heroin in the parcel given to him by another accused.<\/p>\n

In this case, the appellant was alleged to be found possessing 1\u00bd kg of Heroin with intention to transport it illegally to Kuwait, thereby committed offences under Sections 8(c)<\/a> r\/w 21(c)<\/a>, 22(b)<\/a>, 23(c)<\/a> and 29<\/a> of NDPS Act<\/a>. The issue in this case was, whether the Trial Court was correct in holding the accused guilty of possession of heroin relying upon Sections 35<\/a> and 54<\/a> of the NDPS Act<\/a>, which provides for presumption of culpable mental state and the animus to possess.<\/p>\n

The Court observed that the Trial Court, for reasons not properly explained, had failed to follow the dictum laid down in Mohan Lal<\/i> v. State of Rajasthan<\/i>, (2015) 6 SCC 222<\/a> and in Noor Aga v. State of Punjab<\/i> (2008) 6 SCC 417 and has wrongly applied the dictum laid in Madan Lal<\/i> v. State of Himachal Pradesh<\/i> 2003 (7) SCC 465<\/a> and Megh Singh<\/i> v. State of Punjab<\/i> (2004) SCC (Cri) 58<\/a> which are factually different from the case in hand.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that the appellant claimed that he was not aware of the contents of the parcel given by the absconding accused, as he came and gave the parcel to the appellant saying it contained tamarind and wheat flour. Further, the appellant without any hesitation identified his bag and allowed the officials to examine his bag, as he was not aware of the character of the powder he was carrying, till the officials disclosed to him that it was heroin. Thus, the appellant was not conscious that he was in possession of heroin. Moreover, by preponderance of probability, the appellant has rebutted the presumption of culpable mental state. Further, to establish that the possession was conscious, the prosecution relied on the Call Details Records, however, no proof was produced by the complainant that cell number belongs to the appellant.<\/p>\n

The Court also viewed that the previous statement recorded by Police Constable under Section 161(3)<\/a> of CrPC<\/a> has to be treated on a par with the statement recorded under Section 67<\/a> of the NDPS Act<\/a> by the Officer of Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) and the Trial Court erred in referring this inadmissible document to presume culpable mental state of the appellant. It further viewed that the complainant has failed to probe the case properly and there has been a perfunctory investigation at all stages.<\/p>\n

The Court observed that \u201cthough not in all cases, the carrier can plead absence of culpability, in the peculiar circumstances and facts of this case, the knowledge of contraband in the airbag cannot be attributed to the appellant\u201d<\/span>. Thus, the appellant is set at liberty in this case.<\/p>\n

[Anandam Gundluru v. Inspector of Police, 2022 SCC OnLine Mad 4486<\/a>, decided on 01.09.2022<\/span>]<\/p>\n

\n

Advocates who appeared in this case :<\/p>\n

T.S.Sasikumar, Advocate, for the Appellant;<\/p>\n

Special Public Prosecutor N.P.Kumar, Advocate, for the Respondent.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Madras High Court: In an appeal filed under Section 374(2) of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (CrPC) r\/w Section 36-B of Narcotic <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":261884,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[51651,18591,31308,32360,25364,2567,51407,36495,51652,51653,51654],"class_list":["post-273645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-animus","tag-code-of-criminal-procedure","tag-culpable-mental-state","tag-heroin","tag-liberty","tag-Madras_High_Court","tag-narcotic-drugs-and-psychotropic-substances-act-1985","tag-narcotics-control-bureau","tag-preponderance-of-probability","tag-tamarind","tag-wheat-flour"],"yoast_head":"\nMadras High Court set aside conviction of the accused for possessing Heroin believing it to be tamarind and wheat flour; 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In the instant matter, a jeep\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/DSC_5487.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/DSC_5487.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/DSC_5487.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/DSC_5487.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/DSC_5487.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/DSC_5487.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":255542,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/10\/13\/bail-granted-in-narcotic-drugs-and-psychotropic-substances-act\/","url_meta":{"origin":273645,"position":1},"title":"Utt HC | Bail granted in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 case; Court differentiates possession of small quantity from commercial quantity","author":"Editor","date":"October 13, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Uttaranchal High Court: Alok Kumar Verma, J., allowed a bail application which was filed for grant of regular bail for the offence under Section 8\/20 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (\u201cthe Act, 1985\u201d). FIR stated that Sub-Inspector along with other police officials were present at Ataria\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":273078,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/09\/05\/supreme-court-s-20biic-of-the-narcotic-drugs-and-psychotropic-substances-act-illiterate-senior-citizen-ganja-illegal-sentence-reduced-rigorous-imprisonment-legal-research-legal-ne\/","url_meta":{"origin":273645,"position":2},"title":"Imposing higher punishment on an illiterate senior citizen, merely because psychotropic substance was recovered from her residence, wrong; SC reduces sentence","author":"Editor","date":"September 5, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: In an appeal directed against the judgment and order upholding conviction of the appellant for the offence under Section 20(b)(ii)(C) of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (NDPS Act), the bench of Ajay Rastogi * and C.T. Ravi Kumar, JJ has reduced the sentence after observing\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/MicrosoftTeams-image-44-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/MicrosoftTeams-image-44-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/MicrosoftTeams-image-44-1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/MicrosoftTeams-image-44-1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/MicrosoftTeams-image-44-1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":235738,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/09\/13\/ndps-act\/","url_meta":{"origin":273645,"position":3},"title":"Unmasking the Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 [Explainer on certain provisions]","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 13, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"by Devika Sharma\u2020","rel":"","context":"In "Law made Easy"","block_context":{"text":"Law made Easy","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/law-made-easy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/marijuana.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/marijuana.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/marijuana.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/marijuana.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/marijuana.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":205017,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/11\/12\/if-statement-of-official-witnesses-are-confidence-inspiringconviction-of-the-accused-can-be-based-upon-their-un-shattered-testimony-himachal-pradesh-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":273645,"position":4},"title":"Un-shattered testimony of official witnesses can be relied upon solely in order to prove guilt of the accused: Himachal Pradesh HC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 12, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Himachal Pradesh High Court: A Division Bench of Sanjay Karol, Chander Bhusan Barowalia, JJ. allowed an appeal filed against the order of conviction passed by the trial court, whereby accused was convicted under Section 20 of the Narcotic Drugs & Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985. The main issue that arose before\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Himachal-HC_1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":206192,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/12\/04\/accused-found-in-possession-of-manufacture-drug-can-be-tried-under-ndps-act-in-place-of-drugs-and-cosmetics-act-sc\/","url_meta":{"origin":273645,"position":5},"title":"Accused found in possession of “manufactured drug” can be tried under NDPS Act in place of Drugs and Cosmetics Act: SC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 4, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court:\u00a0A Bench comprising of N.V. Ramana, M.M. Shantanagoudar and M.R. Shah, JJ. allowed a set of appeals filed against the common judgment of the Punjab and Haryana High Court whereby it had allowed\u00a0application for suspension of sentence preferred by accused persons and directed them to be released on bail.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/273645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=273645"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/273645\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/261884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=273645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=273645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=273645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}