{"id":273059,"date":"2022-09-05T11:00:40","date_gmt":"2022-09-05T05:30:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=273059"},"modified":"2022-09-05T11:00:40","modified_gmt":"2022-09-05T05:30:40","slug":"calcutta-high-court-amul-being-a-well-known-trademark-deserves-a-broader-scope-of-protection-even-against-non-competing-goods-or-services","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/09\/05\/calcutta-high-court-amul-being-a-well-known-trademark-deserves-a-broader-scope-of-protection-even-against-non-competing-goods-or-services\/","title":{"rendered":"Calcutta High Court | &#8220;AMUL&#8221; being a well-known trademark deserves a broader scope of protection &#8211; even against non-competing goods or services"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\">\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\">&#160; &#160;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Calcutta High Court<\/span> | While awarding injunction restraining the defendants for infringement of registered trademark and passing off, Krishna Rao, J. held that Trademark &#8220;AMUL&#8221; a movement among Indian Rural Community towards prosperity and being a wellrecognized brand should be provided with broader scope of protection against even the non&#8212;competing goods and services.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">The instant suit was filed by the plaintiff which is a registered proprietor of the trademark &#8220;AMUL&#8221;, seeking perpetual injunction restraining the defendants, a local candle distributing company in West Bengal who is selling their candles using trade name &#8220;Amul Candels&#8221;, for infringement of registered trademark and passing off. <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">The Court observed that after a comparative analysis of the marks, it is clearly seen that defendants have cleverly used the trademark AMUL&#8221;&#39; on their candle packet and there is well settled law that <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">the mark should not be meticulously compared side by side as it is not possible for the consumer to have an opportunity to do the same<i>.<\/i><\/span> The Court held that defendants have infringed the registered trademark of the plaintiff under Ss. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001563671\">29(4)(a)<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001563671\">29(4)(b)<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001563671\">29(4)(c)<\/a> of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002776236\">Trade Marks Act, 1999<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">Relying on <i>Cadila Health Care Ltd.<\/i> v. <i>Cadila Pharmaceuticals Ltd.<\/i>, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/1QgHg7x5\">(2001) 5 SCC 73<\/a><\/span> and <i>Heinz Italia<\/i> v. <i>Dabur India Ltd.<\/i>, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/uW0y5IWl\">(2007) 6 SCC 1<\/a><\/span> where the Supreme Court had laid down the following decisive tests for checking deceptive similarity<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: 18pt;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">&#8220;5. Broadly stated, in an action for passing-off on the basis of unregistered trade mark generally for deciding the question of deceptive similarity the following factors are to be considered: <\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"List&nbsp;Paragraph\" style=\"margin-left: 0.0mm;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">The nature of the marks i.e. whether the marks are word marks or label marks or composite marks i.e. both words and label works. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"List&nbsp;Paragraph\" style=\"margin-left: 0.0mm;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">The degree of resembleness between the marks, phonetically similar and hence similar in idea. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"List&nbsp;Paragraph\" style=\"margin-left: 0.0mm;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">The nature of the goods in respect of which they are used as trade marks. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"List&nbsp;Paragraph\" style=\"margin-left: 0.0mm;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">The similarity in the nature, character and performance of the goods of the rival traders. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"List&nbsp;Paragraph\" style=\"margin-left: 0.0mm;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">The class of purchasers who are likely to buy the goods bearing the marks they require, on their education and intelligence and a degree of care they are likely to exercise in purchasing and\/or using the goods. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"List&nbsp;Paragraph\" style=\"margin-left: 0.0mm;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">The mode of purchasing the goods or placing orders for the goods. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"List&nbsp;Paragraph\" style=\"margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Any other surrounding circumstances which may be relevant in the extent of dissimilarity between the competing marks. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: 18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">6. Weightage to be given to each of the aforesaid factors depending upon facts of each case and the same weightage cannot be given to each factor in every case.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">and held that the defendants have tried to mislead the general public by using of an identical mark thereby violated statutory rights as well as the common law rights of the plaintiffs and have indulged into the offence of passing off.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt; margin-bottom: 3%;\">Since the suit is of commercial in nature the Court invoked Or. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0001523643\">8 R. 10<\/a> of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink.aspx?q=JTXT-0002726944\">Code of Civil Procedure, 1908<\/a> which allows expeditious disposal of suits when defendants use dilatory tactics by not filling the written statements and held that the defendants have infringed the registered trademark of the plaintiff as well as committed the torts of passing off. [<span style=\"font-weight: bold; color: #632423;\">Kaira District Cooperative Milk Producers Union Ltd. v. Maa Tara Trading Co., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/5mcxdwHC\">2022 SCC OnLine Cal 2516<\/a>, judgment dated 01.09.2022<\/span>]<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">*Ritu Singh, Editorial Assistant has put this report together.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;The trademark &#8220;AMUL&#8221; symbolizes a movement among Indian Rural Community towards prosperity and Indian public perceives the trademark &#8220;AMUL&#8221; having association of connection with the plaintiffs and no other. It is a combination of all the foregoing factors that had culminated into the trademark &#8220;AMUL&#8221; being recognized as well-known trademark and, therefore, deserves a broader scope of protection against unauthorized use on non-competing goods or services.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":268836,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[2513,3215,14722,3221,46799],"class_list":["post-273059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Calcutta_High_Court","tag-infringement","tag-passing-off","tag-Trademark","tag-trademarks-act"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Calcutta High Court | &quot;AMUL&quot; being a well-known trademark deserves a broader scope of protection - 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Diner,\u00a0 J., had granted major win to India\u2019s giant dairy producer, Kaira District Co-operative Milk Producers\u2019 Union Ltd. (Kaira), i.e. AMUL Dairy and Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd. The Bench held that, \u201cThe Defendants\u2019\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Federal-Court-of-Canada.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Federal-Court-of-Canada.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Federal-Court-of-Canada.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Federal-Court-of-Canada.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Federal-Court-of-Canada.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":80141,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2016\/10\/20\/yahoo-proves-trademark-infringement-by-apricot-foods-passing-off-goods-by-using-goodwill\/","url_meta":{"origin":273059,"position":1},"title":"YAHOO! proves trademark infringement by Apricot foods &#8211; passing off goods by using goodwill","author":"Saba","date":"October 20, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court:\u00a0\u00a0In this case the plaintiffs are seeking permanent injunction to restrain the defendants from passing off of goods by infringing upon the trademark of the plaintiffs. The facts of the case are that the plaintiffs are owners of the trademark \u2018YAHOO\u2019 that has been registered in India in\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":205486,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/11\/19\/use-of-aaj-tak-in-name-of-fortnightly-magazine-held-to-be-in-violation-of-trademark-injunction-granted-thereagainst\/","url_meta":{"origin":273059,"position":2},"title":"Use of AAJ TAK in name of fortnightly magazine held to be in violation of trademark; injunction granted thereagainst","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 19, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Jayant Nath, J. passed a permanent injunction decree against the defendants, restraining them from using the trademark \u201cAAJ TAK AAMNE SAAMNE\u201d; \u201cAAJ TAK\u201d; \u201caajtakaamnesaamne.com\u201d or any other trademark deceptively or phonetically similar to registered trademark \u201cAAJ TAK\u201d. In the present case,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":345147,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/04\/04\/delhi-high-court-injunction-loreal-trademark-infringement-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":273059,"position":3},"title":"Delhi High Court grants injunction in favour of L\u2019Or&eacute;al against trademark infringement and counterfeiting","author":"Arunima","date":"April 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Defendant 1 is unknown person\/persons, who have fraudulently engaged with different business entities to commit fraud, impersonation and are misleading the general public into believing that they are acting on behalf of the plaintiff.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Delhi High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":331321,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/09\/21\/dhc-restrains-bio-logic-and-psychotropics-india-pvt-ltd-from-using-mark-similar-to-amul\/","url_meta":{"origin":273059,"position":4},"title":"\u2018Amul is a well-known mark\u2019; Delhi High Court restrains Bio Logic and Psychotropics India Pvt Ltd from using mark similar to \u2018AMUL\u2019","author":"Arushi","date":"September 21, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"No plausible explanation was provided by the defendants as to why the trade mark \u2018AMUL\u2019 was adopted. No written statement was filed on behalf of the defendants. The conduct of the defendants highlighted their mala fide and dishonesty in adopting the same mark, as that of the plaintiffs\u2019.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Delhi High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Delhi-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":278667,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/11\/21\/delhi-high-court-grants-ex-parte-ad-interim-injunction-to-american-eagle-against-ektarfa-garments-in-a-trademark-and-copyright-infringement-suit\/","url_meta":{"origin":273059,"position":5},"title":"Delhi High Court grants ex-parte ad-interim injunction to American Eagle against Ektarfa Garments in a trademark and copyright infringement suit","author":"Editor","date":"November 21, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Delhi High Court: In a case where application was filed under Order 39 Rules 1 and 2 read with Section 51 of the Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (Code) in a trademark and copyright infringement suit, the Single Judge Bench of Jyoti Singh, J. Passed an Order granting ex-parte\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Delhi High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/delhi_high_court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/delhi_high_court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/delhi_high_court.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/delhi_high_court.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/delhi_high_court.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/273059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=273059"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/273059\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/268836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=273059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=273059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=273059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}