{"id":271695,"date":"2022-08-16T16:00:10","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T10:30:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=271695"},"modified":"2022-08-18T15:42:04","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T10:12:04","slug":"ni-act-ipc-double-jeoprady-trail-under-both-acts-larger-bench-to-decide-supreme-court-legal-research-updates-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/08\/16\/ni-act-ipc-double-jeoprady-trail-under-both-acts-larger-bench-to-decide-supreme-court-legal-research-updates-news\/","title":{"rendered":"Can accused be tried under NI Act as well as under IPC on similar set of allegations or will it amount to double jeopardy? Larger SC bench to decide\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Supreme Court<\/strong>: The bench of SA Nazeer and <strong>JK Maheshwari*,<\/strong> JJ has called upon a larger bench to decide if on similar set of allegations of fact the accused can be tried for an offence under Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 which is special enactment and also for offences under IPC unaffected by the prior conviction or acquittal or whether the bar of Section 300(1) Cr.P.C. would attract for such trial.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court was hearing a case relating to dishonour of cheque. The appellant had contended that the respondents approached and asked him to invest money for the development of a land and assured that profit shall be divided amongst the appellant and respondents. He, hence, made the investment of a sum of Rs.62,32,754\/\u00ac, but neither profit was shared nor any piece of land was given to the appellant.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When he asked\u00a0to\u00a0repay\u00a0the\u00a0amount, the respondent handed over a cheque for an amount of Rs.87,00,000 in lieu of repayment of principal sum and interest. The said cheque was, however, dishonored, giving rise to a complaint under Section 138 of NI Act.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Later, the respondent no.5 registered the case against respondent no.1 to 4 for the offences under Sections 120B, 406, 420 and 34 of IPC on 01.10.2016, and after investigation, challan was filed before the competent Magistrate on which cognizance was taken by him.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The High Court of Madras for quashment of the aforesaid proceedings taking into consideration that proceedings under Section 138 of the N.I. Act pertaining to the same cause of action and on the same facts and grounds are pending, prior to the registration of the present proceedings.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Before the Supreme Court, the parties relied on <strong>Sangeetaben\u00a0Mahendrabhai\u00a0Patel\u00a0v. State of Gujarat, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/MU9sTORx\">(2012) 7 SCC 621<\/a><\/strong> to contend that in an offence under Section 138 of the NI Act, requirement to prove <em>mens rea<\/em> is not necessary although for an offence under Section 420 IPC, fraudulent and dishonest intention i.e. <em>mens rea<\/em> is relevant to prove and hence, it was urged that the quashment of the proceedings for an offence under Sections 420, 406, 120(B) and 34 IPC as directed by the High Court was wholly unjustified<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On the other hand, the respondents relied on <strong>Kolla Veera Raghav Rao v. Gorantla Venkateswara Rao, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/6l7Hrk1w\">(2011) 2 SCC 703<\/a><\/strong> wherein it was held that if\u00a0the\u00a0offences\u00a0are\u00a0different\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0facts are\u00a0the\u00a0same,\u00a0the\u00a0prosecution\u00a0under\u00a0Section\u00a0420\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0IPC\u00a0is barred\u00a0by\u00a0virtue\u00a0of\u00a0Section\u00a0300(1)\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Cr.P.C.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In <strong>G. Sagar Suri v. State of UP,<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/1iB14r2a\"> (2000) 2 SCC 636<\/a><\/strong>, the offences under Section 138 of NI Act as well as the offence under Sections 406 and 420 of IPC were allegedly committed by the accused of that case. After lodging the complaint under Section 138 of NI Act, a petition under Section 482 before the High Court was filed for quashment of the complaint which was dismissed. On filing the special leave petition before the Supreme Court, it was allowed and the Court directed that the prosecution under Sections 420 and 406 is not tenable and quashed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court, in the case at hand, was of the opinion that the aforesaid judgments cited by the respective parties are conflicting, hence, to avoid any further confusion and to maintain consistency, it referred the issue for decision by the larger bench to answer the following questions:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(1) Whether the ratio of the judgment, in the case of G. Sagar Suri and Kolla Veera Raghav Rao lay down the correct law? or The view taken in the case of\u00a0 Sangeetaben Mahendrabhai Patel as followed in M\/s V.S. Reddy and Sons (supra) which is subsequent and conflicting, lay down the correct proposition of law?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(2) Whether on similar set of allegations of fact the accused can be tried for an offence under NI Act which is special enactment and also for offences under IPC unaffected by the prior conviction or acquittal and, the bar of Section 300(1) Cr.P.C. would attract for such trial?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[J. Vedhasingh v. R.M. Govindan, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/6XAkAhUQ\">2022 SCC OnLine SC 1010<\/a>, decided on 11.08.2022]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>*Judgment by: Justice JK Maheshwari<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court: The bench of SA Nazeer and JK Maheshwari*, JJ has called upon a larger bench to decide if on similar <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121,"featured_media":271702,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[2862,17241,13961,30606,50888,50887],"class_list":["post-271695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-dishonour_of_cheque","tag-double-jeopardy","tag-ipc","tag-ni-act","tag-reference-to-larger-bench","tag-section-3001-ipc"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Can accused be tried under NI Act as well as under IPC on similar set of allegations or will it amount to double jeopardy? 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J&#038;K and Ladakh HC analyses","author":"Editor","date":"July 18, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh High Court: While deciding the instant petitions, the question that came up before that Court was whether a person can be prosecuted for offence under Section 420 of IPC as also for offence under Section 138 of NI Act, on the same set\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/JK-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/JK-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/JK-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/JK-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/JK-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":312627,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/02\/01\/supreme-court-rejection-of-application-for-handwriting-expert-opinion-in-cheque-dishonour-case-section-138-ni-act-legal-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":271695,"position":2},"title":"When can an application for Handwriting Expert\u2019s Opinion in Cheque Dishonour Case be rejected? Supreme Court explains","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"February 1, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The Supreme Court was called upon to decide whether the appellant Court was right in rejecting the application of the accused seeking opinion of the handwriting expert in Cheque Dishonour case.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Cheque Dishonour","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Cheque-Dishonour.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Cheque-Dishonour.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Cheque-Dishonour.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Cheque-Dishonour.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":370991,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/12\/26\/hc-roving-enquiry-debt-liability-quashing-section-138-ni-act-complaint-supreme-court-section-482-crpc\/","url_meta":{"origin":271695,"position":3},"title":"High Court Cannot Conduct Roving Enquiry into Debt or Liability While Quashing Section 138 NI Act Complaint: Supreme Court","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"December 26, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cUnder Section 139 of the NI Act, there is a presumption that the holder of a cheque received the cheque of the nature referred to in Section 138 NI Act for the discharge, in whole or in part, of any debt or other liability. This presumption can be rebutted by\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Enquiry into Debt or Liability","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Enquiry-into-Debt-or-Liability.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Enquiry-into-Debt-or-Liability.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Enquiry-into-Debt-or-Liability.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Enquiry-into-Debt-or-Liability.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":129291,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/05\/06\/only-drawer-of-cheque-can-be-made-an-acccused-in-proceedings-for-dishonour-of-cheque\/","url_meta":{"origin":271695,"position":4},"title":"Only drawer of cheque can be made an acccused in proceedings for dishonour of cheque","author":"Saba","date":"May 6, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Gujarat High Court: A Bench comprising of J.B. Pardiwala, J. has directed quashing of criminal proceedings against the applicant and co-accused husband, for dishonour of cheque under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. The Applicant filed an application under Section 482 of the CrPC, invoking inherent powers of the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/GujHC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/GujHC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/GujHC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/GujHC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/GujHC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":320201,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/04\/17\/supreme-court-upholds-acquittal-16-year-old-cheque-dishonour-case-complainant-failed-show-sum-advanced-towards-financial-assistance\/","url_meta":{"origin":271695,"position":5},"title":"Supreme Court upholds acquittal in 16-year-old cheque dishonour case; Says complainant failed to show if any sum was advanced towards financial assistance","author":"Apoorva","date":"April 17, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cBoth the appellate fora, on-going through the evidence did not find existence of any \u2018enforceable debt or other liability\u2019. This strikes at the root of the Rajco Steel\u2019s case\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"cheque dishonour case","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cheque-dishonour-case.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cheque-dishonour-case.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cheque-dishonour-case.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cheque-dishonour-case.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271695","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/121"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=271695"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271695\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/271702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=271695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=271695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=271695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}