{"id":258739,"date":"2021-12-20T10:00:28","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T04:30:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=258739"},"modified":"2021-12-24T10:18:12","modified_gmt":"2021-12-24T04:48:12","slug":"sikk-hc-last-seen-together-theory-inconclusive-in-absence-of-clear-motive-and-beyond-doubt-circumstantial-evidences-court-acquits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/12\/20\/sikk-hc-last-seen-together-theory-inconclusive-in-absence-of-clear-motive-and-beyond-doubt-circumstantial-evidences-court-acquits\/","title":{"rendered":"Sikk HC | &#8220;Last seen together theory- Inconclusive in absence of clear motive and beyond doubt circumstantial evidences&#8221;: Court acquits"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Sikkim High Court:<\/strong> Meenakshi Madan Rai J., while acquitting the accused charged under section 302, 392 and 427 of IPC held that &#8220;<strong><em>Despite there being strong suspicion against the appellant with regard to him having a hand in the death of the appellant, suspicion however strong cannot replace certainty. Moral conviction cannot be resorted to in a criminal case as the golden rule is proof of case beyond a reasonable doubt.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The appellant in the present case was charged of murdering a man in a vicinity of half kilometre from his home. The prosecution case dwells upon the &#8220;Last seen together theory&#8221; by testimony of a police officer whose evidence by itself is debatable as he was himself travelling in the direction opposite to that allegedly taken by the victim and the appellant. Moreover, the motive was not able to be established by appellant&#8217;s strong financial condition and no personal connection. The appellant&#8217;s counsel relied upon the case of <em>Tarseem Kumar v. The Delhi Administration, <\/em>AIR 1994 SC 2585 and <em>State of Rajasthan v. Hakam Singh, <\/em>(2011) 15 SCC 171 where the court acquitted the accused in absence of clear conclusive evidences to establish chain of events with specific motive, intention and action. In response to the appellant&#8217;s contentions, the public prosecutor put forth that motive was for the purpose of supplying a link in the chain of circumstantial evidence, but its absence cannot be a ground to reject the Prosecution case as held by court in the case of <em>Paramjeet Singh v. State of Uttarakhand<\/em>, (2010) 10 SCC 439.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court while rejecting Prosecutor&#8217;s argument stated that &#8220;In cases relying upon circumstantial evidence, the circumstances must be so convincing that no other conclusion can be arrived at than the guilt of the accused which must adequate to convict the accused. The Court set aside the judgment of trial court after examining the facts with evidences which did not cleared the reasonable doubt by relying upon the judgments of Supreme Court in the cases of <em>State of Rajasthan v. Naresh, <\/em>(2009) 9 SCC 368 and <em>State of Haryana v. Ram Singh<\/em>, (2002) 2 SCC 426.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Consequently, the conviction and sentence imposed on the appellant vide the impugned Judgment and Order on Sentence of the Trial Court were set aside and appellant was ordered to be released from custody along with reimbursement of fine paid by him, if any.[Subhash Thapa v. State of Sikkim, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/CG3760y9\"><b>2021 SCC OnLine Sikk 193<\/b><\/a>, decided on 14-12-2021].<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Suchita Shukla, Editorial Assistant has reported this brief.<\/span><\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Appearances by-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mr Tashi Rapten Barfungpa, Advocate (Legal Aid Counsel) for the appellant.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dr. Doma T. Bhutia, Public Prosecutor with Mr S. K. Chettri, Additional Public Prosecutor for the respondent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sikkim High Court: Meenakshi Madan Rai J., while acquitting the accused charged under section 302, 392 and 427 of IPC held that <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[4561,3433,45189,29804],"class_list":["post-258739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-acquittal","tag-circumstantial_evidence","tag-last-seen-theory","tag-reasonable-doubt"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sikk HC | &quot;Last seen together theory- Inconclusive in absence of clear motive and 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Mishra and A.K. Mishra, JJ. set aside a lower court\u2019s decision of convicting the appellant based on circumstantial evidence. The Assistant Sub-Inspector (ASI) found a dead body of a young woman which was severed into four pieces on the railway track. 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Nariman and Navin Sinha, JJ. allowed criminal appeal filed against the judgment of Gauhati High Court whereby trial court's decision convicting the appellant under Section 302 IPC was upheld. The appellant was accused of murdering her husband. She was convicted by the trial\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":379195,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2026\/03\/24\/mad-hc-strained-marriage-not-proof-of-wifes-murder-husband-conviction-set-aside\/","url_meta":{"origin":258739,"position":2},"title":"Strained marriage and alcohol addiction not enough to presume husband\u2019s guilt in wife\u2019s murder: Madras HC","author":"Soumya Yadav","date":"March 24, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cEven a strong suspicion was not enough to convict a person and that the prosecution had to necessarily prove each circumstance in the chain beyond reasonable doubt.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Strained marriage not proof of wife's murder","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Strained-marriage-not-proof-of-wifes-murder.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Strained-marriage-not-proof-of-wifes-murder.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Strained-marriage-not-proof-of-wifes-murder.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Strained-marriage-not-proof-of-wifes-murder.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":268950,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/06\/24\/honour-killing-acquittal-28-years-later-last-seen-together-benefit-of-doubt-supreme-court-murder-conviction-criminal-law-legal-research-updates-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":258739,"position":3},"title":"No conviction based on &#8216;last seen together&#8217; theory when possibility of suicidal death not ruled out; SC sets man free in a 28-year-old honour killing case","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"June 24, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe suspicion howsoever strong cannot take place of proof.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/No-conviction-based-on-last-seen-together-theory-when-possibility-of-suicidal-death-not-ruled-out-SC-sets-man-free-in-a-28-year-old-honour-killing-case.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/No-conviction-based-on-last-seen-together-theory-when-possibility-of-suicidal-death-not-ruled-out-SC-sets-man-free-in-a-28-year-old-honour-killing-case.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/No-conviction-based-on-last-seen-together-theory-when-possibility-of-suicidal-death-not-ruled-out-SC-sets-man-free-in-a-28-year-old-honour-killing-case.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/No-conviction-based-on-last-seen-together-theory-when-possibility-of-suicidal-death-not-ruled-out-SC-sets-man-free-in-a-28-year-old-honour-killing-case.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/No-conviction-based-on-last-seen-together-theory-when-possibility-of-suicidal-death-not-ruled-out-SC-sets-man-free-in-a-28-year-old-honour-killing-case.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":316506,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/03\/08\/an-extrajudicial-confession-being-weak-evidence-requires-corroboration-calcutta-high-court-scc-times\/","url_meta":{"origin":258739,"position":4},"title":"\u2018An extrajudicial confession, being weak evidence, requires corroboration\u2019; Calcutta High Court sets aside conviction under Section 302 IPC","author":"Ritu","date":"March 8, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The Calcutta High Court criticised the trial court for not properly assessing the evidence and for erroneously applying legal principles and set aside conviction on prosecution\u2019s failure to establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Calcutta High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Calcutta-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Calcutta-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Calcutta-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Calcutta-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6622,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2015\/05\/21\/conviction-of-the-accused-guilty-of-killing-his-wife-upheld-on-basis-of-circumstantial-evidence\/","url_meta":{"origin":258739,"position":5},"title":"Conviction of the accused guilty of killing his wife upheld on basis of circumstantial evidence","author":"Sucheta","date":"May 21, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: In the present appeal against the conviction under Section 235(2) CrPC and Section 302 of IPC, the \u00a0Division Bench comprising of V. K. Tahilramani and B.P.Colabawala, JJ., on the basis of \u201cLast Seen Together Theory\u201d, recovery of deceased's dead body, and the electric wire at the instance\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;High Courts&quot;","block_context":{"text":"High Courts","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/highcourts\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/scc-blog_Page_9.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=258739"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258739\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=258739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=258739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=258739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}