{"id":258148,"date":"2021-12-06T11:29:17","date_gmt":"2021-12-06T05:59:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=258148"},"modified":"2021-12-10T15:47:50","modified_gmt":"2021-12-10T10:17:50","slug":"can-executing-courts-order-for-enforcement-of-arbitral-award-be-challenged-under-art-226","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/12\/06\/can-executing-courts-order-for-enforcement-of-arbitral-award-be-challenged-under-art-226\/","title":{"rendered":"All HC | Can Executing Court’s order for enforcement of arbitral award be challenged under Art. 226? HC decides"},"content":{"rendered":"

Allahabad High Court: <\/strong>Dr Yogendra Kumar Srivastava, J., held that,<\/p>\n

\n

Section 36 of the 1996 Act makes the arbitral award capable of being enforced in a like manner as a decree without any further judicial intervention.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Instant petition was filed under Section 226 of the Constitution of India principally seeking a writ of certiorari for quashing of the order passed by the Special Judge, SC\/ST Act arising out of Execution Case.<\/p>\n

Question for Consideration<\/span><\/p>\n

Whether an order passed by the executing court during the course of enforcement of an arbitral award would be amenable to a writ of certiorari under Article 226 of the Constitution of India?<\/p>\n

Analysis, Law and Decision<\/span><\/p>\n

The A&C Act, 1996 was enacted to consolidate and amend the law relating to domestic arbitration, international commercial arbitration and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards as also to define the law relating to conciliation.<\/p>\n

In terms of Section 36 (1) where the time for making an application to set aside the arbitral award under Section 34 has expired, then, subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), such award shall be enforced in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, in the same manner as if it were a decree of the court.<\/p>\n

When the time for making an application to set aside the arbitral award under Section 34 has expired, then, subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), the award shall be enforced in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, in the same manner as if it were a decree of the Court.<\/p>\n

Therefore, the enforcement of an arbitral award under the 1996 Act, is to be made as per the terms of Section 36 and, unlike the 1940 Act, there was no requirement of filing an application to make the award a rule of the Court. Under the said Act, it would not be possible to resist the enforcement of an award by contending that the award has not been converted into a decree for the reason that the award has now to be enforced as per the procedure under the CPC in the same manner as if it were a court decree.<\/p>\n

Question as to whether the award of the arbitrator under the 1996 Act tantamount to a decree or not was considered in Leela Hotels Ltd. v. Housing and Urban Development Corporation Ltd.<\/em>, (2012) 1 SCC 302<\/a>, wherein it was held that the language used in Section 36 makes it clear that such an award has to be enforced under the CPC, in the same manner as if it were a decree of the Court. \u201c\u2026the language of the section leaves no room for doubt as to the manner in which the award of the arbitrator was to be accepted.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

\u201c\u2026provision for enforcement of an award, as per terms of Section 36, having been provided for in the same manner as if it were a decree of the court, it would follow that the court enforcing the award would exercise powers under the CPC which are available to a court executing a decree. This power would not be limited or trammelled by any other provision of the Act, 1996.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Court added that execution is the enforcement of decree by a judicial process which enables the decree-holder to realise the fruits of the decree in his favour. The court enforcing the award would be a civil court exercising judicial powers and the orders to be passed in these proceedings would be judicial orders.<\/p>\n

Whether judicial orders of a civil court would be amenable to writ jurisdiction under Article 226 came up for consideration in the case of Radhey Shyam v. Chhabi Nath, <\/em>(2015) 5 SCC 423<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The law laid down in the nine-Judge Constitution Bench in the case of Naresh Shridhar Mirajkar v. State of Maharashtra<\/em>, AIR 1967 SC 1<\/a> was also referred, wherein after considering the history of writ of certiorari and various English and Indian decisions, a conclusion was drawn that \u201ccertiorari does not lie to quash the judgements of inferior courts of civil jurisdiction\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n

3-Judge Bench in the case of Radhey Shyam v. Chhabi Nath<\/em>, (2015) 5 SCC 423<\/a> extensively referring to the legal position on the scope of writ of certiorari concluded that orders of civil court stand on different footing from the orders of authorities or tribunals or courts other than judicial\/civil courts.<\/p>\n

In the above decision, expression \u201cinferior court\u201d is not referable to judicial courts and accordingly judicial orders of civil courts are not amenable to a writ of certiorari under Article 226 and a writ of mandamus does not lie against a private person not discharging any public duty. It was also held that the scope of Article 227 is different from Article 226.<\/em><\/p>\n

In view of the above, the legal position that emerged was that,<\/p>\n

Judicial orders of civil court would not be amenable to writ jurisdiction under Article 226 and that challenge thereagainst can be raised under Article 227.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>High Court held that an order passed by the executing court in proceedings for enforcement of an arbitral award under Section 36 of the Act 1996, being a judicial order passed by a civil court of plenary jurisdiction, the same would not be amenable to a writ of certiorari under Article 226 of the Constitution of India. [Magma Leasing Ltd. v. Badri Vishal,\u00a0 2021 SCC OnLine All 806<\/b><\/a>, decided on 18-11-2021]<\/p>\n

\n

Advocates before the Court:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Counsel for Petitioner: C.K. Parekh<\/p>\n

Counsel for Respondent: S.C., Shri Prakash Dwivedi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Allahabad High Court: Dr Yogendra Kumar Srivastava, J., held that, Section 36 of the 1996 Act makes the arbitral award capable of <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[2633,3226,31370,33933,2713,33494,29785,35403],"class_list":["post-258148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-arbitral_award","tag-arbitration","tag-article-226-of-constitution-of-india","tag-article-227-of-constitution-of-india","tag-decree","tag-judicial-order","tag-law","tag-writ-of-certiorari"],"yoast_head":"\nAll HC | Can Executing Court's order for enforcement of arbitral award be challenged under Art. 226? 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R. Shah* and B.V. Nagarathna, JJ., held that by entertaining the petition under Article 226 for executing an arbitral award, the High Court had virtually converted itself into Executing Court. Modifying the impugned judgment and order,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/If-a-High-Court-converts-itself-into-Executing-Court-it-will-be-flooded-with-the-writ-petitions-to-execute-arbitral-awards-2.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/If-a-High-Court-converts-itself-into-Executing-Court-it-will-be-flooded-with-the-writ-petitions-to-execute-arbitral-awards-2.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/If-a-High-Court-converts-itself-into-Executing-Court-it-will-be-flooded-with-the-writ-petitions-to-execute-arbitral-awards-2.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/If-a-High-Court-converts-itself-into-Executing-Court-it-will-be-flooded-with-the-writ-petitions-to-execute-arbitral-awards-2.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/If-a-High-Court-converts-itself-into-Executing-Court-it-will-be-flooded-with-the-writ-petitions-to-execute-arbitral-awards-2.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":320388,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/04\/19\/objections-under-s-47-cpc-applicable-to-execution-of-decrees-not-maintainable-against-arbitral-awards-allahabad-hc-imposes-5-lakhs-state-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":258148,"position":1},"title":"‘Objections under S. 47 CPC are applicable only to execution of decrees not maintainable against arbitral awards\u2019; Allahabad HC imposes Rs 5 lakhs cost on State","author":"Editor","date":"April 19, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cImposition of costs in cases of frivolous litigation is essential to maintain the integrity, efficiency, and fairness of the judicial system. By deterring abuse of the legal process, promoting judicial efficiency, and upholding the principles of fairness and justice, cost imposition serves to safeguard the rights of individuals, protect the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Allahabad High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":241779,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/01\/05\/jhar-hc-interference-under-arti-226-a-writ-of-certiorari-can-be-issued-only-in-exercise-of-supervisory-jurisdiction-which-is-different-from-appellate-jurisdiction-hc-reiterates\/","url_meta":{"origin":258148,"position":2},"title":"Jhar HC | [Interference under Art. 226] A writ of certiorari can be issued only in exercise of supervisory jurisdiction which is different from appellate jurisdiction; HC reiterates","author":"Editor","date":"January 5, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Jharkhand High Court: A Division Bench of Dr Ravi Ranjan, CJ. and Sujit Narayan Prasad, J. while dismissing the present appeal, relied on settled precedents upon power of judicial review against an Award passed by Tribunal or Lower Court. \u00a0Background Respondent had raised a demand for regularization in service but\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":268941,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/06\/23\/himachal-pradesh-high-court-lack-of-immediate-remedy-under-arbitration-act-not-a-ground-to-challenge-an-arbitral-order-passed-on-miscellaneous-application-before-high-court\/","url_meta":{"origin":258148,"position":3},"title":"Himachal Pradesh High Court | Lack of immediate remedy under Arbitration Act not a ground to challenge an arbitral order passed on miscellaneous application before High Court","author":"Editor","date":"June 23, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Himachal Pradesh High Court: In the case where it was argued before the Court that the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (for short \u201c1996 Act\u201d) does not provide for any remedy to challenge an arbitral order and was hence, against the \u201cpublic policy of India\u201d, Satyen Vaidya J. observed that,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Himachal Pradesh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/himachal_pradesh_high_court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/himachal_pradesh_high_court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/himachal_pradesh_high_court.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/himachal_pradesh_high_court.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/himachal_pradesh_high_court.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":215570,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/06\/11\/ori-hc-no-ambit-of-writ-of-certiorari-under-article-226-when-there-is-neither-procedural-irregularity-in-conducting-inquiry-nor-violation-of-natural-justice\/","url_meta":{"origin":258148,"position":4},"title":"Ori HC | No ambit of writ of certiorari under Article 226 when there is neither procedural irregularity in conducting inquiry nor violation of natural justice","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 11, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Orissa High Court: A Division Bench of S.K. Mishra and Dr A.K. Mishra, JJ., dismissed the writ petition against the judgment declining interference in the disciplinary proceeding and order imposing the punishment of compulsory retirement. The facts of the case were that appellant-petitioner was appointed as an officer of the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":331634,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/09\/24\/writ-jurisdiction-arbitral-autonomy-striking-right-balance-india-arbitration-landscape\/","url_meta":{"origin":258148,"position":5},"title":"Writ Jurisdiction and Arbitral Autonomy: Striking the Right Balance in India’s Arbitration Landscape","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 24, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"by Vasanth Rajasekaran* and Harshvardhan Korada**","rel":"","context":"In "Experts Corner"","block_context":{"text":"Experts Corner","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/experts_corner\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Arbitral Autonomy","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Arbitral-Autonomy.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Arbitral-Autonomy.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Arbitral-Autonomy.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Arbitral-Autonomy.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=258148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258148\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=258148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=258148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=258148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}