{"id":257627,"date":"2021-11-24T15:00:11","date_gmt":"2021-11-24T09:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=257627"},"modified":"2023-01-24T13:20:47","modified_gmt":"2023-01-24T07:50:47","slug":"scc-snippets-using-promotion-and-upgradation-interchangeably-you-wont-after-reading-this-sc-verdict","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/11\/24\/scc-snippets-using-promotion-and-upgradation-interchangeably-you-wont-after-reading-this-sc-verdict\/","title":{"rendered":"SCC Snippets| Using ‘promotion’ and ‘upgradation’ interchangeably? You won’t after reading this SC verdict"},"content":{"rendered":"

In Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. v. R. Santhakumari Velusamy<\/em>, (2011) 9 SCC 510<\/a><\/strong>, the bench of RV Raveendran and Markandey Katju, JJ laid down principles relating to the promotion and upgradation which read as under:<\/p>\n

(i) Promotion is an advancement in rank or grade or both and is step towards advancement to a higher position, grade or honour and dignity. Though in the traditional sense promotion refers to advancement to a higher post, in its wider sense, promotion may include an advancement to a higher pay scale without moving to a different post. But the mere fact that both-that is, advancement to a higher position and advancement to a higher pay scale-are described by the common term \u201cpromotion\u201d, does not mean that they are the same. The two types of promotion are distinct and have different connotations and consequences.<\/p>\n

(ii) Upgradation merely confers a financial benefit by raising the scale of pay of the post without there being movement from a lower
\nposition to a higher position. In an upgradation, the candidate continues to hold the same post without any change in the duties and responsibilities but merely gets a higher pay scale.<\/p>\n

(iii) Therefore, when there is an advancement to a higher pay scale without change of post, it may be referred to as upgradation or promotion to a higher pay scale. But there is still difference between the two. Where the advancement to a higher pay scale without change of post is available to everyone who satisfies the eligibility conditions, without undergoing any process of selection, it will be upgradation. But if the advancement to a higher pay scale without change of post is as result of some process which has elements of selection, then it will be a promotion to a higher pay scale. In other words, upgradation by application of a process of selection, as contrasted from an upgradation simpliciter can be said to be a promotion in its wider sense, that is, advancement to a higher pay scale.<\/p>\n

(iv<\/i>) Generally, upgradation relates to and applies to all positions in a category, who have completed a minimum period of service. Upgradation can also be restricted to a percentage of posts in a cadre with reference to seniority (instead of being made available to all employees in the category) and it will still be an upgradation simpliciter. But if there is a process of selection or consideration of comparative merit or suitability for granting the upgradation or benefit of advancement to a higher pay scale, it will be a promotion. A mere screening to eliminate such employees whose service records may contain adverse entries or who might have suffered punishment, may not amount to a process of selection leading to promotion and the elimination may still be a part of the process of upgradation simpliciter. Where the upgradation involves a process of selection criteria similar to those applicable to promotion, then it will, in effect, be a promotion, though termed as upgradation.<\/p>\n

(v<\/i>) Where the process is an upgradation simpliciter, there is no need to apply the rules of reservation. But where the upgradation involves a selection process and is therefore a promotion, the rules of reservation will apply.<\/p>\n

(vi<\/i>) Where there is a restructuring of some cadres resulting in creation of additional posts and filling of those vacancies by those who satisfy the conditions of eligibility which includes a minimum period of service, will attract the rules of reservation. On the other hand, where the restructuring of posts does not involve creation of additional posts but merely results in some of the existing posts being placed in a higher grade to provide relief against stagnation, the said process does not invite reservation.<\/p>\n

Read full judgment here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In 2011, the bench of RV Raveendran and Markandey Katju, JJ laid down principles relating to promotion and upgradation. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121,"featured_media":154914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,54661],"tags":[4751,3645,10291,5941,11411,30776],"class_list":["post-257627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casesreported","category-scc-archives","tag-scc","tag-promotion","tag-selection-process","tag-service-law","tag-supreme-court-cases","tag-upgradation"],"yoast_head":"\nSCC Snippets| Using 'promotion' and 'upgradation' interchangeably? 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Subhash Reddy and Hrishikesh Roy*, JJ has held that if a regular promotion is offered but is refused by the employee before becoming entitled to a financial upgradation, she\/he shall not be entitled to financial upgradation only because she\/he has suffered stagnation. This is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/MicrosoftTeams-image-7-1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":247516,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/04\/23\/promotion\/","url_meta":{"origin":257627,"position":1},"title":"J&K HC | \u201cRight to consideration for promotion is a fundamental right\u201d; HC directs government to obviate stagnation in service","author":"Editor","date":"April 23, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Jammu and Kashmir High Court: The Division Bench of Tashi Rabstan and Ali Mohammad Magrey, JJ., addressed the instant petition seeking for issuance of directions to the government for providing promotion opportunities to the persons working as restorers in the High Court. The Bench remarked, \u201cIt is settled position of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":263188,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/03\/05\/2022-scc-vol-1-part-3\/","url_meta":{"origin":257627,"position":2},"title":"2022 SCC Vol. 1 Part 3","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"March 5, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"In Part 3 of Volume 3, read the Supreme Court decision in Jaypee Kensington Boulevard Apartments Welfare Association v. NBCC (India) Ltd.,(2022) 1 SCC 401, wherein the Court while\u00a0the Adjudicating authority has the authority to disapprove the resolution plan approved by the Committee of Creditors (CoC), it cannot modify the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Cases Reported"","block_context":{"text":"Cases Reported","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casesreported\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SCC_Standard.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SCC_Standard.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SCC_Standard.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SCC_Standard.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/SCC_Standard.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":214082,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/04\/29\/civilians-in-defence-services-revised-pay-amendment-rules-2019-notified\/","url_meta":{"origin":257627,"position":3},"title":"Civilians in Defence Services (Revised Pay) (Amendment) Rules, 2019 — Notified","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"April 29, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"S.R.O. 08(E)\u2014 In exercise of the powers conferred by the proviso to Article 309, and Clause (5) of Article 148 of the Constitution, the President hereby makes the following rules to amend the Civilians in Defence Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 2016, namely:- 1. (1) These Rules may be called the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Legislation Updates"","block_context":{"text":"Legislation Updates","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/legislationupdates\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":197862,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/30\/refusal-of-promotion-by-an-employee-does-not-deprive-him-of-the-benefit-of-pay-upgradation\/","url_meta":{"origin":257627,"position":4},"title":"Refusal of promotion by an employee does not deprive him of the benefit of pay upgradation","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 30, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Madhya Pradesh High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Sanjay Dwivedi, J., allowed a petition filed by an employee against the decision of the employer whereby the order of his pay upgradation was withdrawn. The petitioner was aggrieved by the decision of his employer to withdraw the benefits of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/MPHC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/MPHC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/MPHC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/MPHC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/MPHC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":260881,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/01\/31\/mani-hc-upgradation-under-timescale-promotion-scheme-in-jnims-purely-personal-and-the-promotion-effected-will-be-non-functional\/","url_meta":{"origin":257627,"position":5},"title":"Mani HC | Upgradation under Timescale promotion scheme in JNIMS, purely personal and the promotion effected will be non-functional","author":"Editor","date":"January 31, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Manipur High Court: Lanusungkum Jamir, J. decided on a petition which was filed praying for a direction to permit the applicants to declare the DPC results held on 15-09-2017 which was stayed by order dated 11-09-2017 due to which they were directed not to fill up the post of Associate\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/manipurHC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/manipurHC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/manipurHC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/manipurHC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/manipurHC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/257627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/121"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=257627"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/257627\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/154914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=257627"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=257627"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=257627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}