{"id":255948,"date":"2021-10-22T14:00:10","date_gmt":"2021-10-22T08:30:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=255948"},"modified":"2021-10-29T11:06:05","modified_gmt":"2021-10-29T05:36:05","slug":"can-a-person-be-convicted-for-murder-solely-on-the-evidence-gathered-by-the-police-sniffer-dog","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/10\/22\/can-a-person-be-convicted-for-murder-solely-on-the-evidence-gathered-by-the-police-sniffer-dog\/","title":{"rendered":"Pat HC | Can a person be convicted for murder solely on the evidence gathered by the police sniffer dog? Court answers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Patna High Court:<\/strong> Noticing discrepancies in the Trial the Division Bench of Ashwani Kumar Singh and Anil Kumar Sinha, JJ., acquitted a woman accused of killing a 2 year old kid.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The appellant was alleged to have killed 2 year old child of the defendant whose body was found rolled in a <em>gendra<\/em> (a locally made mattress of textile in Bihar) and a plastic bag. The whole case of prosecution was based on circumstantial evidence, i.e., <em>gendra<\/em> in question belonged to the accused, frequent quarrel between accused and parents of the deceased, sniffer dog going to the house of the accused etc. The Trial Court found the accused guilty and convicted him for the offences punishable under Sections 302 and 201 of Penal Code, 1860.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Was admission made by son of the accused admissible?<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Regarding the confession made by the son of the appellant was concerned, wherein he had, while in custody of IO, admitted that his mother had killed the victim boy, the Bench stated that statements made by an accused before the police amounts to confession are barred under Section 25 of the Evidence Act, 1872 and an extra-judicial confession by itself is a very weak type of evidence.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Can a person be convicted of a crime based on the evidence gathered by the police sniffer dog? <\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Noticing that the Trial Court had convicted the appellant on the evidence of a sniffer dog, the Bench opined, though the police was allowed to use the services of a sniffer dog for investigation, but merely because the dog entered the house of the appellant in her absence, the same could not be treated to be evidence sufficient enough to establish the guilt of the appellant and the appellant could not be convicted only on the basis of evidence gathered by the police sniffer dog.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Moreover, the circumstance that the sniffer dog entered the house of the appellant after smelling the place where the body of the deceased was thrown was not brought to the notice of the appellant while examining her by the Trial Court under Section 313 of the CrPC. Hence, the said circumstance could not have been taken into consideration as the accused was not granted opportunity to explain the circumstances. The Bench said,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201c<strong>If the questions on incriminating circumstances have been ignored by the trial court, then it is an illegality and amounts to an abuse of the process of Court.<\/strong>\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hence, circumstances which were never put to the appellant while examining her under Section 313 of the CrPC could not have been used for convicting and sentencing her.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong>Findings and Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Opining that to sustain a conviction on circumstantial evidence, the factual circumstances should be so established and only inference to the said circumstances must be that of the guilt of the accused, incompatible with any other hypothesis, the Bench took note that the <em>gendra<\/em>, which was seized by the police was never put before the Magistrate for an identification parade. Moreover, the Bench remarked, <strong><em>\u201cgendra is a common item which is found in every house.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hence, holding that there was no cogent evidence to suggest that the <em>gendra<\/em> in which the body of the deceased was rolled belonged to the appellant, the Bench opined that the prosecution had miserably failed to prove each of the links in the chain of circumstances beyond reasonable doubts against the appellant.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Accordingly, the Trial Court\u2019s order was set aside and the appellant was acquitted of the charges levelled against her. [Soni Devi v. State of Bihar, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/i4aFz9BU\"><b>2021 SCC OnLine Pat 2289<\/b><\/a>, decided on 15-09-2021]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Kamini Sharma, Editorial Assistant has reported this brief.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Appearance:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For the Appellant: Anirudh Kumar Sinha, Advocate and Santosh Kumar, Advocate<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For the Respondent-State: Ajay Mishra, APP<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Patna High Court: Noticing discrepancies in the Trial the Division Bench of Ashwani Kumar Singh and Anil Kumar Sinha, JJ., acquitted a <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[30436,3153,2521,29785,2948,7441,3464,47581,7181],"class_list":["post-255948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-convict","tag-Crime","tag-Evidence","tag-law","tag-murder","tag-patna-high-court","tag-police","tag-sniffer-dog","tag-trial-court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pat HC | Can a person be convicted for murder solely on the evidence gathered by the police sniffer dog? 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Nilufer Bhateja","author":"Nilufer Bhateja","date":"October 28, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"SCC Online Weekly Rewind Episode 33rd ft. Nilufer Bhateja, Associate Editor is out now. The written episode along with the video episode can be watched and read below. SUPREME COURT Gauri Lankesh murder| HC \u201cmanifestly wrong\u201d in quashing charges against Mohan Nayak N In a major development in the Gauri\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;SCC Times Newsflash&quot;","block_context":{"text":"SCC Times Newsflash","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/watch-now-2\/scc-times-newsflash\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-28.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-28.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-28.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-28.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/MicrosoftTeams-image-28.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":332073,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/09\/28\/7-accused-persons-acquittal-1985-murder-abduction-prosecution-sc-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":255948,"position":1},"title":"SC acquits all 7 persons convicted in 1985 murder &amp; abduction case as reasonable doubts strike prosecution case\u2019s foundations","author":"Sucheta","date":"September 28, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The Court emphasised that in order to reverse a finding of acquittal, a higher threshold is required. The presumption of innocence operating in favour of an accused throughout the trial gets concretized with a finding of acquittal by the Trial Court.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"all 7 persons convicted in 1985 murder","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/all-7-persons-convicted-in-1985-murder.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/all-7-persons-convicted-in-1985-murder.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/all-7-persons-convicted-in-1985-murder.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/all-7-persons-convicted-in-1985-murder.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":358199,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/08\/28\/supreme-court-acquits-death-row-convict-rape-murder-case-two-including-death-row-convict-acquitted\/","url_meta":{"origin":255948,"position":2},"title":"\u201cClassic example of lackluster and shabby investigation\u201d; Supreme Court acquits two men, including death row convict, in 12-year-old\u2019s rape and murder case","author":"Apoorva","date":"August 28, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cWe feel that the present case is yet another classic example of lackluster and shabby investigation and so also laconic trial procedure which has led to the failure of a case involving brutal rape and murder of an innocent girl child.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"two including death row convict acquitted","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/two-including-death-row-convict-acquitted-1.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/two-including-death-row-convict-acquitted-1.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/two-including-death-row-convict-acquitted-1.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/two-including-death-row-convict-acquitted-1.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":299543,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/08\/17\/rajasthan-hc-commutes-death-penalty-man-convicted-for-rape-and-murder-of-4-and-a-half-year-old-girl\/","url_meta":{"origin":255948,"position":3},"title":"Rajasthan High Court commutes death penalty of a man convicted for rape and murder of 4 and a half-year old girl","author":"Editor","date":"August 17, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe Trial Court has rightly convicted the accused and we do not find any illegality in the impugned judgment of conviction and therefore, the same deserves to be upheld.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"rajasthan high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/rajasthan-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/rajasthan-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/rajasthan-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/rajasthan-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":332012,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/09\/27\/jhc-sets-aside-conviction-death-sentence-of-man-convicted-for-murder-of-his-pregnant-wife-and-15-months-old-child\/","url_meta":{"origin":255948,"position":4},"title":"\u2018Contradictory versions and sketchy evidence\u2019; Jharkhand HC sets aside conviction and death sentence of a man convicted for murder of his pregnant wife and 15-months-old child","author":"Arushi","date":"September 27, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The prosecution case has crumbled like a house of cards. Neither the circumstances have been proved which can lead to a conclusion that the accused was complicit in offence, nor any consistent prosecution version has come which can be relied upon.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Jharkhand High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Jharkhand-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Jharkhand-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Jharkhand-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Jharkhand-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":257795,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/11\/26\/bom-hc-confirms-death-sentence-in-a-rarest-of-rare-cases-for-committing-rape-and-murder-of-a-3-years-9-months-old-child\/","url_meta":{"origin":255948,"position":5},"title":"&#8216;Hang by neck till dead&#8217;: Bom HC confirms death sentence in a rarest of rare cases for committing rape and murder of a 3-years 9-months old child","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 26, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: A Division Bench of Sadhana S. Jadhav and Prithviraj K. Chavan, JJ. confirmed the death sentence awarded by the trial court to the accused\u2212appellant for committing heinous crime of brutal sexual assault on a child aged 3-years and 9-months, and after that committing her murder. While confirming\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/255948","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=255948"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/255948\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=255948"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=255948"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=255948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}