{"id":255206,"date":"2021-10-06T13:00:13","date_gmt":"2021-10-06T07:30:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=255206"},"modified":"2021-10-06T17:43:07","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T12:13:07","slug":"illegal-detention-or-kidnapping-is-a-pre-requisite-for-invoking-writ-of-habeas-corpus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/10\/06\/illegal-detention-or-kidnapping-is-a-pre-requisite-for-invoking-writ-of-habeas-corpus\/","title":{"rendered":"Gau HC | \u201cIllegal detention or kidnapping is a pre-requisite for invoking writ of habeas corpus\u201d; HC holds habeas corpus doesn\u2019t apply on missing cases"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Gauhati High Court: <\/strong>Kalyan Rai Surana, J., held that the writ of habeas corpus cannot be invoked unless there is an allegation of illegal detention. The Bench said,<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u201cEstablishing a ground of illegal detention and a strong suspicion about any such illegal detention is a condition precedent for moving a habeas corpus petition.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">By filing this writ petition in the nature of habeas corpus, the petitioner had prayed for direction to recover her son, who had gone missing since 04-09-2016 and on failure of the State machinery to trace out the missing son of the petitioner, to pay compensation of Rs.50,00,000 to the petitioner and the wife of the missing person. The petitioner submitted that it was the responsibility of the Government to look after the security of its citizens and as the State could not provide security to her son, the State was duty bound to pay compensation. It was also submitted that more than 5 years had passed but except for submitting status reports, the State Police could do nothing and was clueless about whereabouts of her son.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Stand Taken by the State<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The State submitted that the son of the petitioner had not only taken loan from the bank but he had also taken loan from many other private persons and had gone missing thereafter, moreover, the missing person had never approached the police seeking any protection and as such, hence, the State did not owe any duty to keep the son of the petitioner under protective surveillance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The State argued that compensation could be granted only if right to life protected under Article 21 of the Constitution of India was violated by the State or its employees and public law remedy was not available to direct the State to pay compensation if a person goes missing out of his own volition.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Analysis and Opinion<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Noticeably, after the FIR was filed, wide media publicity was given regarding the missing son of the petitioner and his photos were also published. On 19-01-2018, a report was submitted to the Superintendent of Police, that the matter was referred to CID Branch but the missing person could not be traced out.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Considering that there was no material on record to even faintly suggest that the son of the petitioner had gone missing after any action taken by the State Administration including Police, Para-military and Armed Forces, and that there was no material to show that the missing person had any threat perception from any militant or extremist groups and the State Police had never been called upon to provide any police protection to the missing person, the Bench stated that there was there was no material to show that the son of the petitioner had gone missing because of any negligence on part of the Police of State Administration.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reliance was placed by the Court on <em>Selvaraj v. The State<\/em>, H.C.P. 2309\/2016, wherein it had been held that, \u201c<em>a Man\/Women voluntarily moving from their dwelling house to any other place of his\/her own choice, then his\/her family members or other person concerned with such a person can file a case for Man missing and on receipt of any such complaint, the Police having jurisdiction has to investigate the matter in the manner known to law. Under these circumstances, question of entertaining a Habeas Corpus Petition by the High Courts would not arise at all. Thus, it is a condition precedent that a person filing a Habeas Corpus Petition should establish that there is a prima facie case of illegal detention or at least a strong and reliable suspicion in respect of such illegal detention.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hence, the Bench held that establishing a ground of illegal detention and a strong suspicion about any such illegal detention is a condition precedent for moving a habeas corpus petition. Thus, the Bench stated, the Constitutional Courts would not entertain habeas corpus petitions where there is no allegation of illegal detention or suspicion regarding illegal detention. The Bench clarified that,<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">\u201cMissing person cases would not come within the ambit of a habeas corpus petition, but such cases are required to be registered under the regular provisions of the Indian Penal Code and the police and other investigating agencies would investigate the same in the manner prescribed under the Code of Criminal Procedure.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Verdict<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Since no apprehension of kidnapping of illegal detention was made when the FIR had been lodged and at no point of time till date any witness examined by the police so far had expressed their apprehension that the son of the petitioner was kidnapped by any person including extremists, the Bench held that there being no iota of doubt that the son of the petitioner had suffered any illegal detention, the habeas corpus petition was held to be not maintainable. [Mamoni Kakoty v. State of Assam, W.P. (Crl.): 2 of 2018, decided on 28-09-2021]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333300;\">Kamini Sharma, Editorial Assistant has reported this brief.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Appearance by:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For the Petitioner: Advocate B K Bhattacharjee<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For the Respondent: GA, Assam<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gauhati High Court: Kalyan Rai Surana, J., held that the writ of habeas corpus cannot be invoked unless there is an allegation <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[3118,2886,3696,47402],"class_list":["post-255206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Habeas_Corpus","tag-Illegal_Detention","tag-kidnapping","tag-missing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Gau HC | \u201cIllegal detention or kidnapping is a pre-requisite for invoking writ of habeas corpus\u201d; 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\u00a0a prima facie case of unlawful detention must be made","author":"Editor","date":"April 29, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Chhattisgarh High Court: A Division Bench of Arup Kumar Goswami CJ and N K Chandravanshi J. dismissed the petition and declined to issue a writ of habeas corpus. The facts of the case are such that the petitioner\u2019s daughter's marriage was solemnized with respondent 7 in the year 2011 because\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":340631,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/02\/06\/missing-persons-cases-cant-be-brought-under-habeas-corpus-unless-illegal-detention-is-established-mp-high-court-scc-times\/","url_meta":{"origin":255206,"position":2},"title":"Missing persons cases can\u2019t be brought under Habeas Corpus, unless illegal detention is established: MP High Court","author":"Ritu","date":"February 6, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cCases of missing persons are to be registered under the regular provisions of the Penal Code and the Police officials concerned are bound to investigate the same in the manner prescribed under the Code of Criminal Procedure.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Madhya Pradesh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Madhya-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":363977,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/10\/16\/rajasthan-high-court-habeas-corpus-cannot-be-used-to-monitor-mpr-investigation\/","url_meta":{"origin":255206,"position":3},"title":"Habeas Corpus petition cannot be invoked as a routine to seek supervision of Missing Person Report Investigation: Rajasthan High Court","author":"Editor","date":"October 16, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe unlawful detention is the sine qua non for issuance of writ of habeas corpus.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Habeas Corpus in Missing Person Investigation","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Habeas-Corpus-in-Missing-Person-Investigation.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Habeas-Corpus-in-Missing-Person-Investigation.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Habeas-Corpus-in-Missing-Person-Investigation.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Habeas-Corpus-in-Missing-Person-Investigation.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":258850,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/12\/22\/writ-of-habeas-corpus-in-custody-matters\/","url_meta":{"origin":255206,"position":4},"title":"When can a High Court invoke its power in granting writ of habeas corpus in child custody matters? All HC lays down scope and ambit of Writ of Habeas Corpus","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 22, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court: Dr Yogendra Kumar Srivastava, J., while examining the scope of the writ of habeas corpus, expressed that, The power of the High Court, in granting a writ, in child custody matters, may be invoked only in cases where the detention of a minor is by a person\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":268768,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/06\/21\/orissa-hc-decides-on-maintainability-of-writ-of-habeas-corpus-vis-a-vis-custody-of-minor-child\/","url_meta":{"origin":255206,"position":5},"title":"Orissa HC decides on maintainability of writ of habeas corpus vis-\u00e0-vis custody of minor child","author":"Editor","date":"June 21, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Orissa High Court: A Division Bench of SK Sahoo and M S Raman, JJ. disposed of the petition leaving the petitioner with liberty to seek appropriate remedy before appropriate forum in accordance with law. 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