{"id":254357,"date":"2021-09-17T15:05:55","date_gmt":"2021-09-17T09:35:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=254357"},"modified":"2021-09-17T15:21:13","modified_gmt":"2021-09-17T09:51:13","slug":"it-rules-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/09\/17\/it-rules-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"IT Rules, 2021 | &#8216;Oversight mechanism to control media by Govt. may rob media of its independence&#8217;: Madras HC&#8217;s prima facie observation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Madras High Court:<\/strong> The Division Bench of Sanjib Banerjee, CJ and P.D. Audikesavalu, J., prima facie observed that an oversight mechanism to control the media by the government may rob the media of its independence and fourth pillar, so to say, of democracy may not at all be there. The High Court was hearing a challenge to the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Rules have been challenged on the ground that they are ultra vires, inter alia, Articles 14 and 19 of the Constitution of India. Primarily the petitioners referred to Rule 9 which pertained to observance and adherence to the Code. Rule 9(3) provided for ensuring observance and adherence to the Code of Ethics by publishers operating in the territory of India. Under the Code, the grievance made in relation to publishers would be governed by three tier structure: (<em>i<\/em>) Self regulation by publishers; (<em>ii<\/em>) Self regulating bodies of publishers; (<em>iii<\/em>) Oversight mechanism by the Central Government. The petitioners were wary of the oversight mechanism of the Centre indicated as the final tier of the process of regulation.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The High Court observed that:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">&#8220;Prima facie, there is substance in the petitioner\u2019s grievance that an oversight mechanism to control the media by the government may rob the media of its independence and fourth pillar, so to say, of democracy may not at all be there.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court added that nothing more need be said on the above aspect as the Bombay High Court had already stayed the operation of sub-rules (1) and (3) of Rule 9 of the said Rules of 2021. However, the petitioners informed the Court that notwithstanding the Bombay High Court order, notices have been issued to them requiring adherence to Rule 9. On this, the Court recorded that:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">&#8220;It must be recorded in all fairness that the Additional Solicitor-General, representing the Union, accepts that the order passed by the High Court of Judicature at Bombay would have pan-India effect.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Another ground for challenge which was not covered by the Bombay High Court pertained to Rules 3 and 7 of the impugned rules. Petitioners were aggrieved with the incorporation of sub-clause (x) of Rule 3(1)(b), which is as follows: &#8220;(<em>x<\/em>) is patently false and untrue, and is written or published in any form, with the intent to mislead or harass a person, entity or agency for financial gain or to cause any injury to any person;&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Petitioners pointed that along with the obligation imposed on the intermediary under Rule 3(1)(c) to terminate the access or usage rights of users for non-compliance with the provisions of Rule 3(1)(b), the provisions for grievance redressal have been made stringent and, finally, Rule 7 has been incorporated making an intermediary liable for punishment upon the intermediary failing to observe the said Rules.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court noted that that the present Rule 3 is different from Rule 3 of the earlier rules. There appear to be key changes, particularly the introduction of sub-clause (x) in clause (b) of sub-rule (1) thereof and the additional obligation on the intermediary in, inter alia, clause (c). It was noted:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">&#8220;Any host of a website or platform would be an intermediary and an ordinary person may be denied access to the platform on the ipse dixit of the intermediary or on the intermediary&#8217;s apprehension that such intermediary may be proceeded against.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Section 79 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 grants exemption from liability to intermediaries in certain cases. However, by virtue of Section 79(2)(c), the exemption would not apply if the intermediary is found not to have observed &#8220;guidelines as the Central Government may prescribe in this behalf.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In Shreya Singhal v. Union of India, (2015) 5 SCC 1, it was observed:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201cit would be very difficult for intermediaries like Google, Facebook, etc. to act when millions of requests are made and the intermediary is then to judge as to which of such requests are legitimate and which are not.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Significantly, the High Court siad that though the petitions were not brought by hosts of website platforms, but social media platforms on the website are used by one and sundry and there is a genuine apprehension that a wink or a nod from appropriate quarters may result in the platform being inaccessible to a citizen.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court directed that if there is any action taken in terms of Rule 3 of the said Rules read with Rule 7 thereof during the interregnum, it will abide by the result of the petitions and further orders herein. Since main matter is likely be taken up by the Supreme Court in early October, 2021, the matters of the present petition shall be taken up in the last week of October, 2021. [Digital News Publishers Assn. v. Union of India, WP No. 13055 of 2021, dated 16-9-2021]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Also Read:<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcenps-13KX\">&#8216;People would be starved of liberty of thought if&#8230;&#8217;: Know why Bom HC partly stayed IT Rules, 2021<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Madras High Court: The Division Bench of Sanjib Banerjee, CJ and P.D. Audikesavalu, J., prima facie observed that an oversight mechanism to <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[45434,38803,46129,29785,2567],"class_list":["post-254357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-information-technology-intermediary-guidelines-and-digital-media-ethics-code-rules-2021","tag-intermediary","tag-it-rules","tag-law","tag-Madras_High_Court"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>IT Rules, 2021 | &#039;Oversight mechanism to control media by Govt. may rob media of its independence&#039;: Madras HC&#039;s prima facie observation | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta 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The Rules empower ordinary users of social media, embodying a mechanism for redressal and timely resolution of their grievance. It also establish a soft-touch self-regulatory architecture and a Code of Ethics and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Legislation Updates&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Legislation Updates","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/legislationupdates\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Information-Technology-Intermediary-Guidelines-and-Digital-Media-Ethics-Code-Rules-2021-notifiedg.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Information-Technology-Intermediary-Guidelines-and-Digital-Media-Ethics-Code-Rules-2021-notifiedg.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Information-Technology-Intermediary-Guidelines-and-Digital-Media-Ethics-Code-Rules-2021-notifiedg.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Information-Technology-Intermediary-Guidelines-and-Digital-Media-Ethics-Code-Rules-2021-notifiedg.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Information-Technology-Intermediary-Guidelines-and-Digital-Media-Ethics-Code-Rules-2021-notifiedg.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":276318,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/10\/29\/constitution-of-grievance-appellate-committee-vide-it-intermediary-guidelines-and-digital-media-ethics-code-amendment-rules-2022\/","url_meta":{"origin":254357,"position":1},"title":"Constitution of Grievance Appellate Committee vide IT (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, 2022","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"October 29, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 The Central Government has notified Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, 2022 in order to amend the IT (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021. The amendment inserts a new rule providing appeal to grievance Appellate Committee. The Rule provides that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Legislation Updates&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Legislation Updates","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/legislationupdates\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PARLIAMENT.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PARLIAMENT.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PARLIAMENT.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PARLIAMENT.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PARLIAMENT.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":288795,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/04\/07\/ministry-of-electronics-and-information-technology-notified-information-technology-intermediary-guidelines-and-digital-media-ethics-code-amendment-rules-legal-update-legal-research-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":254357,"position":2},"title":"MeitY introduces provisions on Online Gaming vide IT (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, 2023","author":"Kriti","date":"April 7, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"On 6-4-2023, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology notified the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, 2023 to amend the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021. Key Points: 1. The definition of \u201conline game\u201d has been inserted which means\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Legislation Updates&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Legislation Updates","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/legislationupdates\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/MicrosoftTeams-image-1042.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/MicrosoftTeams-image-1042.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/MicrosoftTeams-image-1042.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/MicrosoftTeams-image-1042.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":269946,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/07\/12\/meity-proposes-to-suspend-and-remove-social-media-accounts-in-violation-of-ethical-policies-vide-draft-information-technology-intermediary-guidelines-and-digital-media-ethics-code-rules-2021\/","url_meta":{"origin":254357,"position":3},"title":"Meity issues Draft Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021","author":"Editor","date":"July 12, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"On 6-7-2022, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology published draft amendment rules to amend the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021. These amendments aim to direct the intermediaries of social media to further limit and instruct the users to abide by the rules and regulations,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Legislation Updates&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Legislation Updates","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/legislationupdates\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-94-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-94-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-94-1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-94-1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-94-1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":245479,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/03\/13\/information-technology-intermediary-guidelines-and-digital-media-ethics-code-rules-2021\/","url_meta":{"origin":254357,"position":4},"title":"Ker HC | Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 challenged; HC restrains State from taking any coercive action for non-compliance of Part III of the impugned Rules","author":"Editor","date":"March 13, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Kerala High Court: P.V. Asha, J., addressed the instant petition pertaining to controversial Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021, which came into effect on 25-02-2021. The impugned Rules were challenged for being ultra vire to the parent legislation, namely the IT Act 2000, and for\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":318033,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/03\/21\/supreme-court-stays-union-notification-fact-check-unit-under-it-rules-bombay-high-court-decision\/","url_meta":{"origin":254357,"position":5},"title":"Supreme Court stays Union\u2019s Notification of \u2018Fact Check Unit\u2019 under IT Rules till Bombay HC\u2019s final decision","author":"Apoorva","date":"March 21, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court viewed that there exist prima facie grounds for staying the notification dated 20-03-2024, which makes the impugned Rules operational.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Hot Off The Press&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Fact check unit","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Fact-check-unit.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Fact-check-unit.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Fact-check-unit.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Fact-check-unit.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=254357"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254357\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=254357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=254357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=254357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}