{"id":250332,"date":"2021-06-25T16:30:32","date_gmt":"2021-06-25T11:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=250332"},"modified":"2021-07-02T10:23:05","modified_gmt":"2021-07-02T04:53:05","slug":"dowry-demand","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/06\/25\/dowry-demand\/","title":{"rendered":"Cal HC | Is mere demand of money, property, etc.  sufficient to penalise for demanding dowry? Court answers; says gifts exchanged out of love are not dowry"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Calcutta High Court: <\/strong>Bibek Chaudhuri, J., expressed that, voluntary presents given at or before or after the marriage to the bride or the bridegroom, as the case may be, of a traditional nature, which are given not as a consideration for marriage but out of love, affection on regard, would not fall within the mischief of the expression &#8216;dowry&#8217; made punishable under the Dowry Prohibition Act.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Appellants were convicted for committing an offence under Sections 498-A and 304-B Penal Code, 1860.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It was submitted that the de facto complainant would give a gold chain to the appellants within 6 months of the marriage of his daughter Soma with Netai Ghosh (appellant 1). immediately after marriage, the appellants started abusing Soma with filthy language. The same was conveyed by the daughter to the de facto complainant and other paternal relations. Soma\u2019s husband also physically assaulted her.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><u>Demand of Dowry<\/u><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Later, de facto complainant came to know that his daughter Soma died consuming poison and according to him Soma committed suicide failing to bear physical and mental torture on demand of dowry inflicted upon her.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trial judge held the appellant guilty for committing offence under Section 498A and 304B of the Penal Code, 1860.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the instant case, the marriage of Soma was solemnized only before 44 days of her unnatural death.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Analysis and Decision<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In a case of cruelty and dowry death, direct evidence is hardly available, and it is the circumstantial evidence and the conduct of the accused persons to be taken into consideration.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the present matter, it was alleged in the FIR that the mother-in-law of the deceased used to abuse the deceased with filthy language as her father failed to give a gold chain at the time of the marriage<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Allegation of cruelty and unnatural death of the deceased was made by the defacto complainant only after the death of the deceased.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Further, it is significant to note that the <strong>de facto complainant did not state in the FIR as well as in course of his evidence that the accused persons demanded dowry as a consequence of marriage.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><em>Definition of expression \u201cdowry\u201d contained in Section 2 of the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 cannot be applied merely to the \u201cdemand\u201d of money, property or valuable security made at or after the performance of marriage.<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Elaborating more on the concept of dowry, it was expressed that under Section 4 of the Act, mere demand of dowry is not sufficient to bring home the offence of an accused.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Any demand of money, property or valuable security made from the bride or her parents or other relatives by the bridegroom or his parents or other relatives or vice versa would fall within the mischief of \u201cdowry\u201d under the Act where such demand is not properly referable to any legally recognized claim and is relatable only to the consideration of marriage.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>It was noted that there was absolutely no evidence that prior to her death the witnesses being PW1, PW2, PW4 and PW5 and others try to settle the alleged dispute between the parties during the lifetime of Soma.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As per the evidence Soma was ill-tempered, therefore, if at any incident of quarrel broke between the appellants and Soma, her nature was not such that she would silently digest the allegations made against her.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Since trial Judge failed to consider the above circumstances while holding the accused persons guilty and prosecution failed to prove the cause of death of the deceased, High Court set aside the decision of trial court. [Netai Ghosh v. State of West Bengal, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7mRInr8X\"><b>2021 SCC OnLine Cal 1938<\/b><\/a>, decided on 21-06-2021]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Advocates before the Court:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For the Petitioner: Younush Mondal, Adv.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For the State: Swapan Banerjee, Adv., Suman De, Adv.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Calcutta High Court: Bibek Chaudhuri, J., expressed that, voluntary presents given at or before or after the marriage to the bride or <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":52131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[2513,2570,30336,2697,33559,46360,2641,29785,38240,46362,46361,39700,43354,2642],"class_list":["post-250332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Calcutta_High_Court","tag-Cruelty","tag-deceased","tag-Dowry","tag-dowry-demand","tag-filthy-language","tag-husband","tag-law","tag-mental-torture","tag-physical-torture","tag-section-2of-dowry-prohibition-act","tag-section-498a-ipc","tag-unnatural-death","tag-wife"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cal HC | Is mere demand of money, property, etc. sufficient to penalise for demanding dowry? Court answers; says gifts exchanged out of love are not dowry | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dowry Demand\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/06\/25\/dowry-demand\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cal HC | Is mere demand of money, property, etc. sufficient to penalise for demanding dowry? 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Ker HC explains in light of provision which prohibits \u2018giving or taking of dowry\u2019","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 15, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Kerala High Court: M.R. Anitha, J., decided whether gifts given to the bride during marriage by parents be covered under \u2018Dowry\u2019 or not? Instant petition was filed by the petitioner who was the husband of 4th respondent. The impugned order was passed by the 3rd respondent\/dowery prohibition officer. Petitioner\u2019s counsel\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":279716,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/12\/16\/kerala-high-court-no-patent-infirmity-in-the-order-of-conviction-to-render-it-prima-facie-erroneous-rejects-suspension-of-sentence-to-the-husband-in-vismaya-dowry-death-case\/","url_meta":{"origin":250332,"position":2},"title":"No patent infirmity in the order of conviction to render it erroneous; Kerala High Court rejects suspension of sentence to the husband in \u2018Vismaya dowry death case\u2019","author":"Editor","date":"December 16, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The atrocities against women in their matrimonial homes are on the rise, and women committing suicide unable to bear the cruelty and harassment on demand of dowry are also rampant.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Kerala High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/MicrosoftTeams-image-310.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":260146,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/01\/15\/dowry-prohibition-act-vis-a-vis-jk-dowry-restraint-act\/","url_meta":{"origin":250332,"position":3},"title":"J&#038;K HC | Dowry Prohibition Act vis-a-vis J&#038;K Dowry Restraint Act; HC blurs the line between the two","author":"Editor","date":"January 15, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Jammu and Kashmir High Court: In a case alleging dowry death, Rajnesh Oswal, J., clarified the scope and applicability of Jammu and Kashmir Dowry Restraint Act 1960. Observing that the Trial Court had conducted mini trial at the stage of framing of charge, the Bench expressed, \u00a0\u201cThe trial court was\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":322315,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/05\/16\/allahabad-hc-bride-and-groom-should-maintain-lists-of-gifts-exchanged-during-marriage-avoid-allegations-dowry\/","url_meta":{"origin":250332,"position":4},"title":"Lists of gifts exchanged during marriage should be maintained to avoid allegations of dowry: Allahabad High Court issues directions","author":"Editor","date":"May 16, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court directed the Chief Secretary of UP to confirm whether Dowry Prohibition Officers had been appointed as required by law, in the absence of which the State Government was directed to justify such non-compliance","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Allahabad High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":234059,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/08\/17\/kar-hc-when-can-court-presume-under-s-113-a-evidence-act-that-dowry-death-has-been-caused-hc-explains\/","url_meta":{"origin":250332,"position":5},"title":"Kar HC | When can Court presume under S. 113-A Evidence Act, that dowry death has been caused? HC explains","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"August 17, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Karnataka High Court:\u00a0A Division Bench of B.A. Patil and Hanchate Sanjeevkumar, JJ., upheld the decision of the trial court with regard to dowry death. By the instant criminal appeal, the decision of the Additional Sessions Judge, Gulbarga has been challenged. Counsel for the appellant-accused: Iswaraj S. Chowdapur and Additional State\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250332","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=250332"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250332\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=250332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=250332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=250332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}