{"id":250258,"date":"2021-06-24T16:15:43","date_gmt":"2021-06-24T10:45:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=250258"},"modified":"2021-06-24T16:23:36","modified_gmt":"2021-06-24T10:53:36","slug":"snapchat-posts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/06\/24\/snapchat-posts\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cAmerica\u2019s public schools are nurseries of democracy\u201d- SCOTUS rules in favour of student suspended for her off-campus improper Snapchat posts criticising the school"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Supreme Court of The United States: <\/strong>The Court by an overwhelming majority of 8:1 held that a student\u2019s suspension from school\u2019s cheerleading squad because of her off-campus Snapchat posts expressing her frustration with the school, violates such student\u2019s Freedom of Speech and Expression as enshrined within the First Amendment. The Court observed that while public schools may have a special interest in regulating some off-campus student speech, the special interests offered by the Mahanoy Area High School are not sufficient to overcome B.L.\u2019s interest in free expression in this case. The majority consisted of John Roberts, CJ., Stephen Breyer, Samuel Alito, Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, Amy Coney Barret, Brett Kavanaugh, Neil Gorsuch, JJ.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Background and Legal Trajectory: <\/strong>B.L., a student of Pennsylvania\u2019s Mahanoy Area High School, at the end of her freshman year, tried out for a position on a private softball team. She did not make it to the varsity cheerleading team or get her preferred softball position, but she was offered a spot on the cheerleading squad\u2019s junior var\u00adsity team. She did not accept the coach\u2019s decision with good grace, particularly because the squad coaches had placed an entering freshman on the varsity team. While visiting a local convenience store over the weekend, B.L. posted two images on Snapchat, (a social media ap\u00adplication for smart phones that allows users to share temporary images with selected friends) expressing frustration with the school and the school\u2019s cheerleading squad. One of the posts contained vulgar language and gestures.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The first image B. L. posted showed her and a friend with middle fingers raised bearing the caption: \u201c<em>F&#8211;k school f&#8211;k softball f&#8211;k cheer f&#8211;k everything<\/em>.\u201d \u00a0The sec\u00adond image was blank but for a caption, which read: \u201c<em>Love how me and [another student] get told we need a year of jv before we make varsity but that doesn\u2019t matter to anyone else<\/em>?\u201d \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When school officials learned of the posts, they suspended B.L. from the junior varsity cheerleading squad for the up\u00adcoming year.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B.L. contended that the school authorities by suspending her for the Snapchat posts have violated her right of free speech as protected by the First Amendment. B.L.\u2019s parents made unsuccessful attempts to reverse the school\u2019s decision, therefore approaching the courts. The District Court granted an injunction ordering the school to reinstate B.L. to the cheerleading team. The District Court found that B.L.\u2019s punishment violated the First Amendment because her Snapchat posts had not caused substantial disruption at the school. The Third Circuit affirmed the judgment, but reasoned that schools had no special license to reg\u00adulate student speech occurring off-campus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Observations: <\/strong>The Judges observed that in <em>Tinker <\/em>v. <em>Des Moines Inde\u00adpendent Community School Dist.<\/em>, 393 U. S. 503, the Court had stated that schools have a special interest in regulating on-campus student speech that \u201cmaterially disrupts class\u00ad work or involves substantial disorder or invasion of the rights of oth\u00aders\u201d, however, the special characteristics that give schools additional license to regulate student speech do not always disappear when that speech takes place off-campus. <strong><em>Circumstances that may implicate a school\u2019s regulatory interests include serious or severe bul\u00adlying or harassment targeting particular individuals; threats aimed at teachers or other students; the failure to follow rules concerning les\u00adsons, the writing of papers, the use of computers, or participation in other online school activities; and breaches of school security devices<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vis-\u00e0-vis off-campus speech, the Court observed that-<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>A school will rarely stand in<em> loco parentis <\/em>when a student speaks off cam\u00adpus;<\/li>\n<li>From the student speaker\u2019s perspective, regulations of off-campus speech when coupled with regulations of on-campus speech, include all the speech a student utters during the full 24-hour day, that means courts must be more skeptical of a school\u2019s efforts to regu\u00adlate off-campus speech, for doing so may mean the student cannot en\u00adgage in that kind of speech at all.<\/li>\n<li>The school itself has an inter\u00adest in protecting a student\u2019s unpopular expression, especially when the expression takes place off-campus, <strong><em>because America\u2019s public schools are the nurseries of democracy<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If all the aforementioned features are read together then <strong><em>these mean that the leeway the First Amendment grants to schools in light of their special characteristics is diminished. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Majority concluded that the school violated B.L.\u2019s First Amendment rights when it sus\u00adpended her from the junior varsity cheerleading squad. B.L.\u2019s Snapchat posts are entitled to First Amendment protection- for they reflect criticism of the rules of a community of which B.L. forms a part; B.L.\u2019s message did not involve features that would place it outside the First Amendment\u2019s or\u00addinary protection.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The circumstances of B.L.\u2019s speech diminish the school\u2019s inter\u00adest in regulation.\u00a0 B.L.\u2019s posts appeared outside of school hours from a location outside the school. She did not identify the school in her posts or target any member of the school community with vulgar or abusive language. B.L. also transmitted her speech through a per\u00adsonal mobile phone to an audience consisting of her private circle of Snap-chat friends. \u201c<strong><em>The school\u2019s interest in teaching good manners and conse\u00adquently in punishing the use of vulgar language aimed at part of the school community is weakened considerably by the fact that B.L. spoke outside the school on her own time and she spoke under circum\u00adstances where the school did not stand in loco parentis. The vul\u00adgarity in the B.L.\u2019s posts encompassed a message of criticism<\/em><\/strong><em>\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Dissenting Opinion- <\/strong>Justice Clarence Thomas was the sole dissenter. He observed that the Majority took a common law approach to decide the matter and criticised the Court\u2019s lack of clarity in identifying the principles in the case. \u201c<strong><em>In effect, it states just one rule: Schools can regulate speech less often when that speech occurs off campus. It then identifies this case as an \u201cexample\u201d and \u201cleaves for future cases\u201d the job of developing this new common-law doctrine. But the Court\u2019s foun\u00addation is untethered from anything stable, and courts (and schools) will almost certainly be at a loss as to what exactly the Court\u2019s opinion today means<\/em><\/strong><em>\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[Mahanoy Area High School v. B.L. (a minor through her father Lawrence Levy), No. 20-25<em>5<\/em>, decided on 23-06-2021]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Sucheta Sarkar, Editorial Assistant has reported this brief.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of The United States: The Court by an overwhelming majority of 8:1 held that a student\u2019s suspension from school\u2019s cheerleading <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67011,"featured_media":32691,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,12],"tags":[43869,42901,30014,46345],"class_list":["post-250258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-foreigncourts","tag-first-amendment","tag-free-speech","tag-scotus","tag-snapchat"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium 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at the football field after games to offer a quiet personal prayer: whether such observances are protected under the US Constitution&#8217;s First Amendment? SCOTUS answers","author":"Editor","date":"July 4, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court of The United States: While deliberating upon the instant matter, wherein the petitioner lost his job as a high school football coach in the Bremerton School District, after he knelt at midfield after games to offer a quiet personal prayer; the Court held that, the Free Exercise and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Supreme Court of The United States","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":295953,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/07\/04\/scotus-colorado-anti-discrimination-laws-cannot-compel-creating-designs-contrary-personal-beliefs-marriage\/","url_meta":{"origin":250258,"position":1},"title":"Colorado&#8217;s anti-discrimination law cannot compel a wedding website designer to create expressive designs contrary to her personal beliefs on marriage: SCOTUS","author":"Sucheta","date":"July 4, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Court with a ratio of 6:3 protected the First Amendment right of the petitioner who believes in heterosexual marriages only.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"supreme court of the united states","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":270937,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/08\/01\/scotus-maine-department-of-educations-non-sectarian-requirement-for-tuition-assistance-payments-is-violative-of-us-constitutions-first-amendment\/","url_meta":{"origin":250258,"position":2},"title":"SCOTUS| Maine Department of Education\u2019s \u2018non-sectarian requirement\u2019 for tuition assistance payments, is violative of US Constitution\u2019s First Amendment","author":"Editor","date":"August 1, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court of The United States (SCOTUS): While deciding the instant petition wherein the Maine Department of Education (hereinafter the Department) was sued for instituting a requisite for schools to be \u201cnonsectarian\u201d in order to be eligible for tuition assistance; the SCOTUS, with a ratio of 6: 3 held that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Supreme Court of The United States","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":296340,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/07\/08\/american-constitutional-law-lgbtq-people-dissenting-opinion-wedding-website-designer-refusal-of-service-same-sex-couple-scotus\/","url_meta":{"origin":250258,"position":3},"title":"\u201cSad day for American constitutional law and LGBTQ+ people\u201d: Decoding the Dissent to SCOTUS allowing wedding website designer to decline services to same-sex couples","author":"Sucheta","date":"July 8, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"In a fierce dissent to the majority decision of allowing a wedding website designer to decline services to same-sex couples, 3 SCOTUS Judges pointed out that US Constitution contains no right to refuse service to a disfavoured group and cautioned that this decision may negatively impact not only the LGBTQ+\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"supreme court of the united states","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":295856,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/07\/03\/race-based-admission-programs-harvard-northcarolina-violates-14thamendment-scotus\/","url_meta":{"origin":250258,"position":4},"title":"\u201cEqual educational opportunity is a prerequisite to achieving racial equality\u201d: Dissenting Opinion on SCOTUS\u2019 Affirmative Action decision","author":"Sucheta","date":"July 3, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"In a scathing dissent, the Judges observed that in holding that race can no longer be used in a limited way in college admissions to achieve critical benefits, the Majority has rolled back decades of precedent and momentous progress.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"supreme court of the united states","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":231905,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/07\/08\/scotus-bar-imposed-on-families-from-using-state-scholarships-for-religious-schools-is-violative-of-free-exercise-clause-of-federal-constitution\/","url_meta":{"origin":250258,"position":5},"title":"SCOTUS | Bar imposed on families from using State Scholarships for religious schools is violative of Free Exercise Clause of Federal Constitution\u00a0","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"July 8, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court of the United States: While determining that whether Rule 1 promulgated by the Montana Revenue Department barring the families from using State scholarships, for religious schools is violative of the Federal Constitution; the 9 Judge Bench of the Court, with a ratio of 5:4 held that, the application\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Supreme Court of The United States","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/supreme_court_of_US.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=250258"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250258\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32691"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=250258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=250258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=250258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}